Document qm2kLEaazLQO9gL5y40667GOM
American Society of Heating and Ventilating Engineers Guide, 1936
copper tubing that has been deoxidized is used. This tubing is available in a variety of sizes and wall thicknesses.
EXPANSION AND FLEXIBILITY
The increase in temperature of a pipe from room temperature to an operating steam or water temperature one hundred degrees or more above room temperature results in an increase in length of the pipe for which provision must be made. The amount of linear expansion (or contraction in the case of refrigeration lines) per unit length of material per degree change in temperature is termed the coefficient of linear expansion of that material, or commonly, the coefficient of expansion. This coefficient varies with the material.
The linear expansion of cast iron, steel, wrought-iron, and copper pipe, the materials most frequently used in heating and ventilating work, can be determined from Table 6.
, The elongation values in Table 6 were computed from the following formula:
(1>
Table 1. Dimensions of Welded and Seamless Steel Pipe
Nominal Pips Size
Outbids
Nominal Wall Thicknesses pob Schedule Numbxbs
'
Diam.
Schedule 10
Schedule 20
Sch3e0dule
Schedule 40
Sch6e0dule
Sch8e0dole
Schedule 100
Schedule 120
Sch1e4d0ule
Sch1e6d0ule
Ys
M %
Yt %
l
2
3
3Y
4 5 6 8 10 12 14 O. D. 16 O. D. 18 O. D. 20 O. D. 24 O. D. 30 O. D.
0.405
0.068*
0.095*
0.540
0.088*
0.119*
0.675
0.091*
0.126*
0.840
0.109*
0.147*
0.187
1.050
0.113*
0.154*
0.218
1.315
0.133*
0.179*
0.250
1.660
0.140*
0.191*
0.250
1.900
0.145*
0.200*
0.281
2.375
0.154*
0.218*
0.343
2.875
0.203*
0.276*
0.375
3.500
0.216*
0.300*
0.437
4.000
0.226*
0.318*
4.500
0.237*
0.337*
0.437
0.531
5.563
0.258*
0.375*
0.500
0.625
6.625
0.280*
0.432*
0.562
0.718
8.625
0.250 0.277* 0.322* 0."406 0.500* 0.593 0.718 0.812 0.906
10.75
0.250 0.307* 0.365* 0.500* 0.593 0.718 0.843 1.000 1.125
12.75
0.250 0.330* 0.406 0.562 0.687 0.843 1.000 1.125 1.312
14.0 0.250 0:312 0.375 0.437 0.593 0.750 0.937 1.062 1.250 1.406
16.0 0.250 0.312 0.375 0.500 0.656 0.843 1.031 1.218 1.437 1.562
18.0 0.250 0.312 0.437 0.562 0.718 0.937 1.156 1.343 1.562 1.750
20.0 0.250 0.375 0.500 0.593 0.812 1.031 1.250 1.500 1.750 1.937
24.0 0.250 0.375 0.562 0.687 0.937 1.218 1.500 1.750 2.062 2.312
30.0 0.312 0.500 0.625
........ --
--...... --
All dimensions are given in inches.
The decimal thicknesses listed for the respective pipe sizes represent their nominal or average wall dimensions and include an allowance for mill tolerance of 12.5 per cent under nominal thicknesses.
*Thicknesses marked with asterisk in Schedules 30 and 40 are identical with thicknesses for standardweight pipe in former lists; those in Schedules 60 and 80 are identical with thicknesses for extra-strong pipe in former lists.
The Schedule Numbers indicate approximate values of the expression 1000 x P/S.
Chapter 34--Pipe, Fittings, Welding
where it = length at temperature t degrees Fahrenheit, feet. Lo = length at 32 F, feet. t = final temperature, degrees Fahrenheit. a and b are constants as follows:
Metal
a
0.005441 0.006212 0.006503 0.009278
b
0.001747 0.001623 0.001622 0.001244
The three methods by which the elongation due to thermal expansion may be taken care of are:
1. Expansion joints. 2. Swivel joints. 3. Inherent flexibility of the pipe itself utilized through pipe bends, right-angle turns, or offsets in the line.
Table 2. Nominal Weights of Welded and Seamless Steel Pipe
Nominal InPSciizpheees
SCBXD. 10
Plain Ends
SCHED. 20
Plain
Ends
Schedule 30
Plain Ends
Threads and Coup lings
Schedule 40
Plain
Tharenadds
Coup lings
SCHED. 60
Plain Ends
SCHED. SCHED. SCHED. SCHED. SCHED.
SO 100 120 140 160
PElnadisn
PElnadisn
Plain Ends
PElnadisn
PElnadins
U,
0.25* 0.25*
0.32*
0.43* 0.43*
0.54*
%
0.57* 0.57*
0.74*
Yt
0.86* 0.86*
1.09*
1.31
Y
1
1.14* 1.14* 1.68* 1.69*
1.48* 2.18*
1.94 - ' 2.85
1M
2.28* 2.29*
3.00*
3.77
1Y
2.72* 2.74*
3.64*
4.86
2
3.66* 3.68*
5.03*
7.45
,2Y
5.80* 5.82*
7.67*
10.0
3
7.58* 7.62*
10.3*
14.3
3Y
9.11* 9.21*
12.5*
4
10.8* 10.9*
15.0*
19.0
22.6
5
14.7* 14.9*
20.8*
27.1
33.0
6
19.0* 19.2*
28.6*
36.4
45.3
8 10
____
22.4 28.1
24.7* 25.6* 28:6* 28.8* 34.3* 35.0* 40.5* 41.2*
35.7 43.4* 54.8* 64.4
50.9 77.0
60.7 67.8 74.7 89.2 105.0 116.0
12 33.4 43.8* 45.0* 53.6 55.0 73.2 88.6 108.0 126.0 140.0 161.0
14 O. D. 36.8 45.7 54.6
63.3
85.0 107.0 131.0 147.0 171.0 190.0
16 O. D. 42.1 52.3 62.6
82.8
108.0 137.0 165.0 193.0 224.0 241.0
18 0. D. 47.4 59.0 82.0
105.0
133.0 171.0 208.0 239.0 275.0 304.0
20 0. D. 52.8 78/6 105.0
123.0
167.0 209.0 251.0 297.0 342.0 374.0
24 0. D. 63.5 94.7 141.0
171.0
231.0 297.0 361.0 416.0 484.0 536.0
300. D. 99.0 158.0 197.0
Weights are given in pounds per linear foot and are for pipe with plain ends except for sixes which are commercially available with threads and couplings for which both weights are listed.
The weights marked with asterisk in Schedules 30 and 40 are identical with weights for standard-weight pipe in orIB.L'r I^ta; those in Schedules 60 and 80 are identical with weights for extra-strong pipe in former lists.
The Schedule.Numbers indicate approximate values of the expression 1000 x P/S.
611
