Document md8Dy2V2gXgdo1R8gVeX0Qzd

PNYC00000097 AT TOOEll fh* or* is first crushed to a fine dust ond *h*n mbiected to a very interesting process to separate the metals from the non*metallic elements in the ore. This process, known as 'flotation", depends for its action on pine oil. The crusned ore and oil* agitated and aerated in water, form a froth of fine bubbles to which minute particles of the minerals stick and ore floated away from the rock or nan-metallic part of the are. The minerals thus floated off ore called concentrates. ' ' Htatft M* II *" vt*4 * irvtft ** ft Mk Atttfttrt *r<it- ^sii M u s te k . PNYCO0000100 PNYC00000101 PNVC00000102 a PNYC00000103 if BV**M*d *9 +*f* ti*t >i aM*i J >'| . vaged as wat the copper, previously removed. '^e --*31 * s molten state can b pumped like water and * so "r-s*-"*a to the desilveriting kettles where the gold and stiver : . moved. This is accomplished by the addition of tine -'cr' :;:m forms a dross. This dross Boors to the top and it skim--;-cv by hand and treated by another process to recover *~e onerous metals. The lead, with the exception of rite zinc content. \ -aw :3m. Oru frer end feW *1 r--i-- * - 10 55 PNYCG0000104 PNYCO0000105/ PNYC0000G106 <Ur !m+r A. So4*rr Ur#of*r H** -< of 'e ore^weftw*. 1 4 he worked Out twelve ordinal solutions of the Pythagorean Proposition, known to ait schoolboys os `The Ounce s Stumbling Block". . MACHINERY, moving parts, electricity---these things fascinated Sperry as a bay. His energy was tireless. He built everything from home-made windmills and gloss-blowing outfits to fastmoving foilrocd hand cars. At the age of 19 his career began in earnest---first with dynamos and arc lamps, then electric *ocop motives and automobiles, better batteries, mining machinery-- the list of his accomplishments is too long to enumerate. Ouring the World War his work for the U. $. Government was invaluable. Soon after, one of Sperry's mony successful experi ments in the field of electro-chemistry led to a revolutionary new process--the electrolytic production of extremely pure white lead from common lead. This patented Sperry process >s used today exclusively for making Anaconda White lead. THI SPEIUtY PROCESS for making white lead is somewhat <he same in action as the piaters* ceil, lead is removed from an PNYCOOQOOIQT V**w / tltttnlftH nU r. anode into solution, but instead of plating out, it is acted upon by other chemical elements to form white lead in the solution of the cell. The technical description on pages Id and 17 explains how lead, acted upon by electricity and chemicals, is turned into lead carbonate or white lead. The white lead formed in this manner is exceptionally pure. This reaction takes place in a concrete ceil, and as the white lead is made it is washed out of the cell by circulating solutions. t* W* ff --i#un*0M <*iNNMf <* Wrfec* *f 0**49t. u J GVcvMr**# fwxn ffc* ** <i usoducM <* .. Soch c*4i produce* about no rhouscnd pounds of wnif -co o day. The anodes, or sheets of lead. dissolve into so.ut:o and are replaced every two days. * Commercially pure common toad still contains traces :Sf mo motels that have boon removed. These impurities, eve* t ***o minute quantities prolong aro eliminated from n<r ecd produced by the Sporty process. Cartful laboratory :ISnf'Oi maintains a high-grade product of unvarying uniform.fy t* Sfcjsfi**. PN YC00000109 r The Sperry Electrolytic White Lead Process A TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION "T*HE Sperry electrolytic cell as operated to proouce -mte 1 lead consists of a concrete ceil in which are suspended ead anodes and insoluble iron cathodes. The cathodes are eneasea n porous fabric envelopes which act os diaphragms, separating the electrodes. Through the comportment farmed by the fabric envelope surrounding the cathode is circulated the catholyre. This electrolyte contains sodium acetate and a large amount of sodium carbonate. The cell tank is Ailed with the analyte which circulates around the submerged anodes and the outer surface of the diaphragm. ' The anoiyte contains sodium acetate and only attract of sodium carbonate. Each electrolyte is maintained in rapid ar- culatron about its electrode. The circulation systems of the two electrolytes are entirely independent, and no communication exists between the catholyte end anoiyte save rhrougn the diaphragm of the celt. The ceil is placed in operation by passing direct current through the ceil. Carbonate and hydroxide ions migrate under the influence of the current from the catholyte through th dia* phragm to the anoiyte; ot the same time electrochemical eauiv - * . PNYC00000110 .& *11 oUnt amount* of lead ions dissolve from me surface of * eca anodes and pou momentarily info solution ;n fhe analyte. Since the anion* art more mobile than the cation* m* plane >n m<n the ions meet i* quite das# to the lurface of the anode. `n mis plane precipitation take* place, and white lead * farmed. Oue to a slight seepage of cotholyte through me diapnregm h* anions are transferred to the anolyte in amount* .n eAcess of the reaction requirements. This result* in complete precipitation of the lead ion* dissolved from the anode. The continuous flow of anolyte removes th white 'ead the cell as fast as it t* formed. From the ceil the anolyte fiow* to a settler where the white lead is removed and me e:ecn overflow from the settlers is returned continuously to the ceil. The cotholyte in its circulation external to the cell * carbonated to replenish the carbonate tons ond neutralise excessive nyero*. id# ions formed at surface of the eathode. The settled white lead is removed continuously from the bot* tom of the settler to o filter where it posses through a counter* current washing cycle to remove ond recover the anolyte solu tion. The washed white lead pulp is dried, ground and air floated, ond is then barrelled in a dry pulverent form. ^ A study of the ceU reactions indicates that the formula for white leod should be written PblCO PbOH). and that this com* pound is formed through the reactions of the intermediate com pounds PbtCOiHh and Pb(OH):. The outstanding character istics of electrolytic white Iead"-exceptional purity, oniiian* whiteness and'uniformity---ore due to the ease with wn.cn cei reactions con be controlled ond to the fact that in the ce'i ci. the lead is dissolved from the surface of the lead anoae. s^e' metals remaining on the anode surface in the form of z *>-*. U- PNTGOOOO 0111 PNYCOOOOOi12 V. i PNYC00000113 C**wd t* '#*4 ii h'm*****/? "''. The mast is moved along, broken up ond itirred bv a-rcobte mechanism that finally discharges it dry after on hour or to of treatment. In order to break up the lumps that form in drying, the product it put through a grinding promt that truth* it to a S*. oo-dtr and liltt tho dint fortnod in on oir ftram tom. I S <.t high, that insuring o product both uniform and vary *no. I* 20 PNYC00000115 PNYC00000U6 PNYCOOOOOli?