Document k68ZQRzzdb1q28XJd7aJO5d5E

/ "Put your solder where your seam is!" might well be the new motto at Campbell Soup Company these days. And a new look at an old soldering method taught Campbell engineers that they should do just that. The result was that the General Manager -- Container Division at Campbells. Mr. James Early, in col laboration with United Shoe Machin ery Corporation developed an entirely new side-seam soldering machine for can making. This was slightly un usual, because USM had never made a can soldering machine before. But the new approach paid off. Not only are cans produced cheaper on the new machine, but their burst strength averages 20% better. Heart of the new USM induction side seamer is solder applicator (arrow). It injects a thread of molten solder through a 0.063" dia. orifice directly into can seam. Extremely narrow heat-efFected zone allows full lithog raphy without heat damage or risk of coverage by solder. (All photos courtesy of United Shoe Machinery Corporation.) The key to the new development is in putting the solder where it's needed --in the joint or side seam. And this happy discovery came about only be cause Campbell and USM engineers weren't afraid to challenge the ver satility of lead alloy solder--the most economical, adaptable and versatile metal bond available today. On all can assembly lines, includ ing this new one, a standard bodvmaker produces a can "blank" which is formed into a cylinder and sent to the side seamer. Then (on conven tional side seamersf a flame preheats the entire seam area and the bodv passes over a rotating solder roll which generously wipes il with solder. A post heating flame sweats the seam and excess solder is then brushed from the can. On the new side seamer, cans pass through a high frequency electro magnetic field which heats only the seam area to 600F in about 0.3 sec. The hot seam is then hit with a thread of molten lead-tin solder which flows into the inner recesses of the seam. A post heat with another high frequency coil maintains seam tem peratures sufficient to allow the solder to flow and uniformly fill all voids. Because the new side seamer uses induction and not conduction to heat the seam area, very little heat escapes the seam. This feature is important where lithographed cans are used-- ink can be carried much closer to the seam without risk of spoilage. In addition, because a much smaller area is heated, power for heat usage is roughly 30% less, and body wall distortion is minimized. Westinghouse Electric Corporation supplies the B F generators used in conjunction with the two-part induc tion coil. This heating method cuts the heat affected zone at the ran seam in half, compared with cans from a conventional side seamer. Of course, less solder is required per can, because only enough is in jected in each to fill the seam. This can be translated into dollar savings vchen one considers over 5 billion cans are produced annually in the U. S. alone. And. coupled with the significant advantages listed above, introduction of this machine virtually assures a competitive position for the tinplate container. In fact, Campbell's Mr. Early pre dicts, "This is the only side seamer for the future--it will inevitably go in where new can lines are being added or old equipment is being re placed." The following U.S. patents, issued to the Campbell Soup Company, cover the heat induction side seamer: #3,000,338 -- September 19, 1961; #3,056,368--October 2. 1962. LIA26377 "United Shoe Machinery Corporawhich, by agreement with Camp- ^ l^s full production and sales for the new machine reports 6*1 more than 20 have been sold to jMe. Best order so far has been the 0ftB installed in Campbell Soup's tv one million sq. ft. plant at Paris. Tcut A number of other leading hod processors and most of the ijor can companies have purchased M or more of the machines. tolder pot melts a 98% lead-2% tin Midaf for subsequent injection into can Mm. Note can at lower right hand corner of *Wto. Moving from right to left, its seam |wit been heated and will now pass over applicator (hidden from view by uU* pot). Production rate is about 500 par minute. Lead Hits The Jackpot-- On Poker Creek! When you drive an entry in the coal fields of "Appalachia" these days you gamble! So it was recently when Amigo Smokeless Coal. Wyco, W. Virginia, opened Pocahontas No. 4 Seam on Poker Creek--and called it The Jackpot Mine. The ace in the hole? Battery power--according to R. B. Williamson, company president. Battery powered tractors made by Kersey Manufacturing Company, Bluefield, Virginia, are handling 400 to 600 tons of coal per shift from working face to dumping area, haul ing supplies on the return trip, and doing it all for less money than alter nate methods. In uact, a tidy side bet in equipment costs alone of approxi mately $36,000.00 is being collected when the cost of shuttle cars (the only other choice at Jackpot) is priced out against battery vehicles. Actually, the company began to realize winnings several years ago when the marginal workings at Poca hontas No. 6 Seam were opened. The conveyor belt system was too long, and contained too many trans fer points, for the usual reversing to handle supplies. At five stations work men had to stop the belt and transfer the supplies to the next. So it was here that battery powered tractors were first used to haul supplies--oil, machine bits, timbers, rock dust, etc. --to the working face. The four mile round trip, made many times during a shift, proved to be no great task for the system. It took little imagination, then, to see that battery power was the answer for the whole operation, including coal hauling, at Jackpot. Vice President E. R. Ketchka points out that, aside from the major bene fits already noted, the equipment is far more flexible than shuttle or belt systems. No trailing power cable limits the length of the room to be driven and panel entries can be spread out. This reduces wear and tear on the roadway and lowers ventilation costs. Also, an added bonus is realized in much lower maintenance costs since the battery equipment is less compli cated than its alternates. "No other system would have worked so well or economically," says Mr. Williamson. LIA26378 3-- THEY GAVE LEAD CABLE THE DEEP Snd Two lead-sheathed submarine power cables have been successfully em bedded five feet under the bottom of the channel between eastern Long Island and Shelter Island in New York. The 15-kv cables, each 4300 ft. long, were buried below the channel bottom for additional protection. Cables that lie exposed on the bottom are subject to the washing action of tides, snagging by trawlers and ship anchors, fouling and other hazards. In making this installation, the Long Island Lighting Company used un usual sled-mounted Hydro-Jet equip ment which makes a narrow cut in the channel bottom for embedding the cable. This equipment, furnished bv the Harmstorf Corp.. Larchmont. N. Y.. was used on this job for the first time on this continent. Originally. I.ILCO intended to in stall the cables about three feet below the channel bottom, with divers doing the job with conventional techniques in water up to 35 ft. dee)). But this would have left 1900 ft. of cable ex posed in waters varying from 35 to 36 ft. deep. The cable used in this unusual op eration was delivered in full 4300-ft. lengths by General Cable Corp., New York. N. Y. It consisted of three 250-MCM compact-sector conductors; 175 mils of oil-impregnated paper in sulation, shielded; 115 mils of arseni cal alloy lead sheath and 90 mils of extruded high-molecular weight poly ethylene jacket armored with galvan ized steel wire covered individually in turn with 3/64 in. of extruded, high-density polyethylene. After the route had been selected and checked for obstructions, the first operation was to lav the cables di rectly on the bottom from a barge. ``Embedding the cable five feet be low the channel bottom was accom plished in four hour? by the injector which was mounted between sled run ners. The injector was towed some 200 ft. behind the barge and was supplied with high-pressure water through an 8-in. hose from a pump on the barge."* * "'T*o 4,300-F*. Submarine Cables Sent $ Ft. Deep in Channe! Bottom", F. L. Bender, Long Island Lighting Co., J. V. McBride. Harmsiort Corp., Electrical World, Sept, 14, 1964 As shown in the diagram, a set guide rollers suspended from tb barge crane first lifted the cable <> the bottom as the injector approachej and directed the cable into guides the injector front. 'R ater jets on th injector's front edges made a narroi cut in the bottom. The cable fe through the injector and into thbottom of the cut. immediately afle passage of the injector, the channe bottom closed in and protected thcable. The second cable was laid on a course parallel to the first and about 40 ft. from it. The embedding process progressed at speeds ranging from 300 to 900 ft. per hour and conse quently minimized interference with boat traffic. The completed installa tion will expand and support existin L1LCO networks on Shelter Island. Hydro-Jet injector before being towed to working position on the bottom. Imbe `.'."Cable Approx. 10 ft.-- 71 ry -Approx. 200ft.****; "** V.* *'//* ** *v. **,'* V* LIA26379 Experimental Irradiation of Circulating Blood Certain research on the effects of radiation on the bodies of mammals require that the white blood cells, lymphocytes, be separated from the body during the irradiation process. The reason for this is that if the cells were irradiated while in the body, the '' radiation's effects on the rest of the body would be so complicated that no one phase could be isolated for study. Purpose of the investigations is to learn about the effect of lymphocytes # on certain body organs and also, per| haps, to gain an insight into the problems of life span, function and regulation of lymphocyte production.5 The method selected bv Dr. E. P. Cronkite and others2 at Brookhaven 1 ' Cobalt-60 Irradiator tor Extracorporeal b. KuM. R!pDeroer, HuszaaP and Cror.kite: National Laboratory, Upton, N. Y., is to shunt circulating blood from the experimental animal's (a calf) body through an external irradiator, and back to the calf. The irradiator, designed and con structed at the Brookhaven Labora tory, w as intended to be used also for therapeutic irradiation of human leu kemia patients and consequently had to be portable. The mobility requirement restricted the design in two ways: 1) the source could not be permanently installed in a concrete structure and 2) shielding for the powerful cobalt 60 source (dose rates of approximately 2000 rads/min) had to be as compact and light weight as possible. Lead was se lected for the shielding as it provides the most shielding for its weight of any conventional material. The cobalt-60 source is mounted in a lead-shielded container on an elec trically-powered cart. When not in use the source container is rolled on its trolly to the rear of the cart. Dur ing an irradiation experiment the source container is advanced to the front of the cart and positioned over the irradiation chamber cradled in the bottom of the cart (see the ac companying drawing). The source container is 21.25-in. in dia., 39 in. high and weighs about 4700 lb. The entire volume is lead ex cept for the source tube 2.5 in. in dia. and 17 in. high lying along the container axis. VI alls of the container and chamber are fabricated from stainless steel. The irradiation chamber shield is 2814 in. high and 25 in. in dia. The shield weighs approximately 3500 lb. and is also clad with stainless steel. Its walls are stepped at the chamber top to match the bottom of the source container when it is moved to the ir radiating position. Wall thickness at each step is ai'out 2 'n The irradiation chamber within the shield is 16 in. high and has a 7-in. dia. A pair of Vo-in. dia. inlet holes admit the plastic tubing bearing the calf's blood into the chamber where it is irradiated bv the gamma-ray beam from the cobalt 60. LIA26380 Lyrnphocyte Proliferation end Function' B.N.L. Report 7926, by Euaene P. Cronkite, M.D., D. Sc., Head, Division of Experi- --=<--3 M--o'cc Erockuaven Na- Jj i ADHESI "Wo//popej Overall view of the sulfuric acid storage tanks at Tidewater Oil Company's Martine2, Calif., refinery. In 1941 a set of five storage tanks for sulfuric acid sludge was installed at the Tidewater Oil Refinery at Mar tinez, California. When the original installation was made, Tidewater en gineers followed the same procedure everyone else did; the 10 lb. and 12 lb. sheet lead lining was held in the steel tank shells by a set of steel straps, These straps were, in turn, covered with lead strips "burned" (welded) to the main lead lining on either side to present a continuous lead surface to the acid contents. Strapped lining construction still is almost universally followed in lin ing large tanks and gives perfectly satisfactorv lining. Nevertheless, when it became necessary again to renew the 1 inings earlv in 1964 after six and one-half rears exposure to corro sive acid sludges and the hot Cali fornia sun and weather, Tidewater Oil s alert engineers decided to pio neer with a method that offered the prospect of substantial savings with out sacrifice in performance. Instead of again replacing the con ventional lining hanging with straps they decided to bond the lead sheets directly to the steel tank shells with an epoxy adhesive. The method had already been proved by a similar in stallation that has been in use for several years at Shell Chemical Com pany's plant at Wood River, 111. The new method offered several noteworthy advantages: 1) The lead is entirely supported by the shell so it needs to be only thick enough to meet the corrosion requirements. In this case, 3/32-in. thick lead weighing 6 lb. per sq. ft. replaced 10 and 12 lb. lead at a weight reduction of 40 to 50 per cent. 2) Almost all leadburning is avoided. The only burned seams are the vertical ones, four ft. apart join ing the side sheets and those joining the bottom sections. 3) The adhesive provides a bond that will not be damaged by weather ing or temperature variations. 4) The adhesive is sufficiently re silient to allow for differences in ex pansion and contraction of the lead lining and the steel shell during diur nal and operational temperature changes. Four of the tanks are open-topped cvlindrical steel shells with conical bottoms. Of the three that were lead lined in this operation, one is 20 ft. in diameter with walls 12 ft. high, and a lead surface of 1120 square ft. The second, also a cylinder, is 30 ft. in diameter with 10 ft. vertical walls and a conical bottom 6 ft. deep. Its 2,415 sq. ft. area was covered with 10 lb. lead on the shell and 12 lb. lead in the cone. The third tank is rectangular, 20 ft. by 15 ft. with 6 ft. high walls, and is lined with 720 square ft. of lead. Agitated Mixture Acid sludge in the tanks is a mix ture of 98 per cent sulfuric acid and hydrocarbon products. It comes from acid-treating aromatic solvents, kero sene, and light lube oils in the refin ing process. The mixture is agitated in the cylindrical agitator tanks and there neutralized with spent caustic or with caustic oil from the distillation unit. In the recta tank, however the mixture is arv and allowed to settle. In the new installation, Tidl Oil's engineers decided to sas steel shells which were in exj condition and adapt the ac bonding technique to them. All the leadwork on the insta| was done by W estern Leadbu Contractors. Concord, California In Western Leadburning The adhesive has been applied to the! the tank shell (left photo) and to thef which lies on a form before final "Jr ~A'' LIA26381 ONDED LEAD TANK LININGS fhod is new technique for large tanks Bce the steel shell was first sand- lsted free f scale an(f oxtde. Only |rw sections were cleaned at a time , that oxide-free steel surfaces would , available when the adhesive was pplied in each assembly run. Sand ing might be necessary with a steel structure only to remove ,j|) scale and superficial rust. The second preparatory step in the ^tallation was plugging all the holes gaining in the shell from the forsrr strap-and-bolt construction with adhesive. The adhesive used was Shell Chem ical Company's Epon 901-B, a thixo tropic epoxy that withstands service temperatures up to 225F and cures overnight at 75F. Installing the lead sheets was a very straightforward procedure. West ern Leadburning's crew7 first wire brushed one face of a lead sheet to prepare it for the adhesive. Then they laid the sheet face up on a special form covered with foam rubber. The adhesive was applied to the brushed face of the lead and to one sand blasted section of the steel shell. Then the form was raised so that the two adhesive surfaces joined and the form was braced to press the lead tightly against the shell. The adhesive was allowed to cure for 24 hours before the braces and forms W'ere removed. Adjacent lead sheets overlapped by two in. to prevent heat from the seam burning operation from possibly dam aging the adhesive bond. I notion of lead sheet nr holding lead in position is braced aganst a standpipe in the center of the tanlt (center photo). Note area adjacent to form which has been sandblasted and the holes plugged with adhesive. Form in place atter removal of braces (at right). Adjacent section of shell is cleaned and ready for application of the next lead sheet. Workmen Applying some of the 5300 gallons of red lead and linseed oil paste to the cables of the mammoth VerreianoNarrows bridge. Job was done by American Bridge Division of United States Steel. LEAD... Offers High Level Protection for Verrazano-Narrows Bridge How do you keep the world's largest suspension bridge from be coming the world's biggest corrosion problem? That's one of the ques tions that faced engineers at the Tri borough Bridge and Tunnel Author ity when they planned the huge Verrazano-Narrows bridge. Now the bridge is built. It opened officially in November 1964. How did the Triborough engineers meet the corrosion problem? Steelwork on the entire bridge--from the Staten Island approach to where it touches soil in Brooklyn is protected with lead pigmented paints. The 70-story towers: structural steel for the twin decks: indeed, all metal surfaces other than aluminum and bronze were coated with three or more coats of basic lead silico chromate paint. And. fully aware that the bridge must stand for years in the corrosive salt spray and industrial atmosphere above New York Harbor, its owners went to extra effort to protect the suspension cables--backbone of the whole structure. 5300 gallons of a thick red lead and linseed oil paste were plastered on every inch of the four 7205-ft. rabies just prior to a final wrapping with continuous turn of galvanized wire--which forced the paste deeply into the cables for maxi mum corrosion protection. To top it all off, the wrapped cables were then painted with a final protective coat of basic lead silico chromate paint to conform with the rest of the bridge. For more than a century lead pig mented protective coatings have been used on nearly every major steel structure to provide maximum corro sion protection to the base metal and long service between paintings. The Triborough's specifications for the 3-coat system of basic lead silico chromate paint for the VerrazanoNarrows appeared in LEAD Maga zine. Yol. 27. No. 3. 1963. Specifica tions for the 9771 red lead-777 lin seed oil paste used on the cables are given below. Each cable weighs about 9,500 tons and, to gether with its 3 companions, supports the twin declrs which it is estimated will ulti mately carry 48,000,000 vehicles annually. The Verraiano-Narrows bridge has the world's longest suspended span, 4260 ft. More than 250 tons of lead went into the paints and lead wool calling used to protect her steel skeleton. SPECIFICATIONS Immediately in advance of the wrapping, the surface of the cable shall be given a coat of red lead paste mixed in the proportion of 100 pounds of dry red lead to 8% pounds of raw linseed oil which consistency will require its application by means c,' troweling. Dry red lead shall conform to A.S.T.M. Specifications for Red Lead, Designation D83-43 and shall be ninety-five percent (95%) grade. Raw linseed oil shall conform to A.S.T.M. Specifications, Designation D234-58T. At the times of applying red lead paste under the cable bands and during cable wrapping operations the Contractor shall take due care to avoid spattering ol the paste on the suspended structure, towers, tower piers and anchorages below or adjacent thereto. The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer for comment the precautionary measures he proposes to use. Any such spattering shall be re moved and the surfaces affected thereby shall be restored to the satisfaction of the Engineer at no cost to the Authority. LIA26383 View of Sculpture Garden from Terrace. The headquarters of the modern seen lining of lead which protects art revolution in America has been, these spaces for the life of the build for thirtv-five years, the Museum of ing. Modern Art in New York City. With The detail section shows the use of that revolution won. the museum's 8 lb. lead sheet waterproofing at the recently refurnished and enlarged juncture of a pool with a plant box galleries and sculpture garden may which can be seen in the foreground he said to represent the governing of the accompanying photograph. palace. Thirty tons of sheet lead were used, One of the major innovating and all joints were lapped and burned molding art institutions of our era. after which the entire surface was it has had a unique influence on the given a heavy brush coat of asphal- visible environment and the recent tum before application of finishing 5t., million dollar expansion has re materials. This is a standard precau sulted in providing increased physi tionary measure against the potential cal distance for visual perspective as attack of free lime in the mortar, a well as greater space for historic per temporary hazard which exists when spective through more exhibited ever any metal comes in contact with works. fresh cement or mortar. Architect In the former category the new for the expansion was Philip Johnson. Sculpture Garden has been particu- Associates. General Contractor was larlv useful. Heretofore barely one the George A. Fuller Company. ' quarter of the available sculptured Plumbing Contractor was C. H. pieces could be displayed at one time. Cronin and the lead work was exe Now. works bv Laohaise. Moore. Lip cuted bv the John F. Abernethv Com chitz. Maillol and others are dis pany. all of New York. placed with a wealth of space about them on a two level extension of the Garden paved and faced with white marble. Reflecting pools and foun tains. trees and plantings generously provided lend interest and furnish background against which these pieces can be enjoyed. An excellent example of the set ting provided is illustrated in the photograph of a sculpture by Aristide Maillol titled: "The River'. Our in- 1 terest in this case is heightened by the fact the figure is cast in lead. Further to the east an elevated ter race provides an extension of the ( Sculpture Garden as well as space be- f neath it for study and storage. Pools and planters in this area present a hazard to the spaces below them. Or they would if it were not for the un Sculpture in lead by Aristide Maillol. "The River --9-- LIA2638A I Some of the nine new lead-shielded Kof cells at Ba+telie Memorial Institute. Technicians operating these manipulators that extend through the lead and steel wall can maneu* ver specimens inside the cell from a position of complete safety. A technician is adjusting the controls on one of the removable sealed box units which has been rolled out from Its usual position for loading. The wall separating him from the box consists of 6%-in. of lead poured between one-in. steel plates. 4 tfyh-. if Sixty Tons of Lead Shield Hot Cells Dangerously radioactive substances can be safely and easily handled and investigated behind a 6% in. wall of lead at Batlelle Memorial Institute's new hot cell facilities at West Jeffer son. Ohio. The new facility, at BMI's .Nuclear Research Center has nine hot-cell sta tions. each equipped with a set of re mote manipulators which enable sci entists and engineers to stand safely outside the cell and pick up and move about irradiated samples inside the cell. The manipulators are built into a protective wall the equivalent of 11 in. of steel. It consists of the 6% in. slab of lead poured between two onein. steel plates, which permits the handling of up to 2000 curies of a one-Mev (million electron volt) gam ma emitter. In the construction, nine wall sec tions and their separating posts were poured, using standard pouring and cooling techniques. The largest wall section weighed 23,000 lb and a total of about 121,000 lb of lead was used to provide the needed shielding in the entire operation. Efficiency and savings were achieved in two prime ways. All desired open ings in the walls were cast in to eliminate later machining. Pouring was done on site at the plant of Bur ger Iron Company, Akron, Ohio, builders of the cells. The lead was shipped to the site and poured bv the Edward Lead Company. Colum bus. Ohio, employing a portable 10ton lead melting pot also shipped to the site where the lead melting and pouring operations took place. One of the unusual design features of the facility is a removable, lead shielded containment box in each cell in which irradiated samples are placed for study. This design permits inves tigation of materials which require a dry or inert atmosphere or other spe cial conditions to prevent deteriora tion or combustion. Each cell can be shut down and prepared for a different sample while the other cells continue to operate independently. 10-- LIA26385 OcCcU '7i' neU <z&out ^ead ^HD BALLOONS d epar t men t . p-s Editors try to be accurate, but jjfce all editors they are sometimes <*ugh* with their foot in their mouth. last issue of Lead had two such <rrors which went over like lead bal loons : Movable walls must be fully operable when tested for sound ratings. Lead trrrd in stating otherwise. The refer ence to sealing of cracks and gaps during testing was based on test tech niques for single panels. The other balloon concerned the -Real Boom" in recreational shoot ing. Lead used in ammunition in 1963 totalled 49.900 tons rather than the 20.675 tons we claimed. The 1964 figure of 54.000 tons was a 9% in crease. Adding lead makes stainless steel more machinable according to the specifications for a new alloy known as Type 303 Pb. The alloy contains 18Tc' Cr, 9% Ni and 0.3% freemachining additions -- divided be tween lead and sulfur. The advant ages are said to be: greater number of acceptable parts can be produced in a given work period; eliminated the need for centerless grinding; with its lower sulfur content, it re sponds to cold forming with less fracturing than Type 303; and it ex hibits better corrosion resistance than its sulfur-bearing counterpart. Buck Rogers here we come! If you're just the right age, you'll remember Buck Rogers had a heat blaster in his arsenal. Huggins Laboratories in Sunnydale, Calif, hasn't quite caught up with that gadget but it is producing a "gun" which measures heat at a distance. Aim, pull the trigger, and the temperature appears on a built-in meter. Lead sulfide detectors make the magic possible. The useful range is from a frigid 120F below zero to a blistering 7200F. Solder strikes back! Some joining jobs have traditionally been done by soldering until plastic adhesives re placed it. Now, Joclin Mfg. Co., of Wallingford, Conn, has announced it is soldering teflon parts together with ordinary lead-tin solder. Acres of porcelain enamel form the durable, decorative finish on this power station of Connecticut Light & Power Company al South Norwalk. Designed by architects Kahn & Ja cobs, the structure is a pleasing pastel blue and will stay attractive despite the industrial atmosphere and ma rine salt spray. Nearly a ton-and-ahalf of lead went into the 100.000 sq ft of Robertson Yitralume. leaded porcelain on aluminum wall panels manufactured by H. H. Robertson Co. of Pittsburgh. Pa. and Connersville, Ind. CHANGE OF ADDRESS OR NEW READER Use this side of the coupon if you hove recently changed your address or if you would like to be added to the mailing list for LEAD I--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I CHANGE OF ADDRESS ADD ME TO YOUR MAILING LIST I (please circle one) From____________ Name, title Com pa ny Street City, zone, state To_________________ Name, title Company Street ___________ Ll&2b38fc PLEASE CHECK INTEREST i 1 Architectural & building Design Engineer f I Ceramics Radiation Other (please specify) ' LIBRARY OF TECHNICAL INFORMATION UJlJJUJWJil/ UJJU4-UIJ WUjj Tb following publications aro available free of charge unless otherwise noted. Send request to the LEAD INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION, 292 MADISON AVENUE, NEW YORK 17, N. Y, NEW LISTINGS Phase relations in the system lead-oxygen 8-page reprint lists phases in lead-oxygen system; stability ranges as function of tem perature and O2 pressure; and characterizes oxides by physical properties. GENERAL Discovering the beauty of lead New uses for lead Design engineering data BATTERIES The picture book of power batteries Pictorial presentation of the variety of trucks and tools powered by batteries. Electric delivery trucks Truck costs in a jiffy Three nomographs for estimating costs of gas or battery powered industrial trucks. The choice of battery systems CONSTRUCTION Pools and planters Removable walls with lead lining Isolation of buildings from vibrations Silver anniversary roofs Laboratory drainage systems Lead work for modern plumbing $2 postpaid, SI .50 per copy in orders of 10 or more. Profusely illustrated 164 page text present ing clearly to the plumbing student the nec essary tools, procedures and methods. Lead plumbing Seamless terne for roofing Sheet lead for roofing and flashing Lead as a concrete filler Lead-asbestos antivibration pads Permanent color for lightweight block ENGINEERING Cleaning radioactive parts ultrasonically High speed lead plating Ten-page reprint delves into new methods for electroplating lead at high rates. It tabulates essential data including performance ratings for test coatings. Importance of lead in glass Comprehensive report and survey on use of lead in glass. Bibliography of over 600 ref erences. New data for electroceramics research Provides liquidus and sub-solidus in the sys tem Pb0-Ba0-Mg0-Si02. Soldering and soldering alloys Detailed survey of solders. 8 poge reprint. Lead sheathing for power cable Materials of construction review Corrosion data -- lead & alloys Methods of lining lead tanks Cutting press vibrations Nuclear materials Radiation protection low temperature enamels for steel Thermal expansion data -- lead com pounds, two papers I, II Pb0-Fe203 Phase Relations Dielectric behavior of Pb-, Ba-, Sr- hafnate systems Lead to control sound and vibration Anodes for ship protection lead glazes for brick Continuous extrusion press for cable sheathing FINISHES Lead paint systems for bridges Eight-page reprint describes red lead and lead carbonate paint system used to protect big Philadelphia bridge from corrosion. Spec ification details are included. Decorative finishes for lead Red lead based paint systems Properties and compositions for 24 formula tions and systems for a wide variety of uses and exposures. 31 poges. Lead molybdate opacified enamels UPON REQUEST, THE LEAD INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION WILL BE GLAD TO MAIL "LEAD" REGULARLY, FREE OF CHARGE, TO THOSE INTERESTED, AND WILL COOPERATE WITHOUT OBLIGATION IN THE SOLUTION OF YOUR LEAD PROBLEMS. Reproduced by letterpress from lead type. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 PRINTED IN U S.A. GL'IDE-KALKHOFF-BURR. INC NEW YORK, N. Y. Mail to: Lead Industries Assn., Inc., 292 Madison Ave., New York 17, N. Y. Name, Title Company Street City, Zone, State Please send_____ TO REQUEST LITERATURE LIA26387