Document jyYw64p9GpdXEOGqzVvazQkR

FILE NAME: Newspaper & Magazine Articles (NMA) DATE: 1962 Jan DOC#: NMA028 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Trade Magazine Article - On the Job Cancer: The Killer They Won't Track Down i s r fg i* m - m IlS sS II m m J A t-i U A ft f 331 S%V - . 'V lit \ ? ' V,.` `v 5 w. 4 -.ii;.1 V' a i l al?&4 Si - - x 3 ryr^p* \ m _____ :S S 8 I 8 ^ # rf ' & - l J m* mft'& l& a At. .. ,,s s , v^x .*%? i s f i - ''.} 1! **,' WS =C 4 ' | > : - * i'-'*' fi -*`'5* if* J-':y -A.JS * l l * : - 1' 'stSSlifiSiv '3 -" 1 iioSli ir- ' g ffllll '..-i-":v^ I S w *s a e i Cavalier of the month--PHIL H ILL: First American to win World's Driving Championship 3?. H i $ SSSp jh.'p F k* * J * * mir G; ii S t lt i: ; - * i,: ?M r p V '-l r b rj. . * ' ~ ^ " " 1 ,'* * '* * T C N' NTS EXCLUSIVE Or. the Job C a n c e r-tb " K iller They W on't 'i SPECIAL The Iv o Jim a Camera Shot H eard Round the Woi I > i . itaiy TRUE ADVENTURE T he Gold M ountain That Drives Men Loco ............ "W e W ill A ttack P earl H a rb o r!" ............................HomW Strangest H unt Africa Ever Saw ................................. Joseph Slockvr 10 !i i o ! j u z o M o r i f) 1 . A l S c h u l z c r 4 OFF BEAT . ". Mad Voyage of the Metha Nelson ................... . M i i Uum H . W a l k e r 14 CAVALIER'S LADY r. C arroll H arrison--A Self-Portrait..:....photographed hr Veter Gowland 43 WHEELERS AND DEALERS He Always W ent from Bed to W orse ............... (.arlton Brow n 24 SPORTS She's a Twitcher--H e's a P itcher .............................................Dick Schaap 32 CAVALIER OF THE MONTH P h il H ill ................................................................................................................. 47 ROGUES AND MURDERERS The Gentleman Blondes Prefer Alan H rn d 35 HUMOR , A Funny One for the Road ...... ...................................................................... <)(, HORROR FICTION TO REMEMBER - : T he Most M addening Story in th e W orld ...........................Ralph Straus 40 Copyright Ralph St/auy 1^62 *1 . if X* H A i l -> v Ai - BOB CURRAN ......J...'..:.'-..?. EDITOR - t ! Gu* Gazzola ..............Art Editor 1 j W illia m A. W ise ....M ana ging E ditor : H a m ilto n Peck ;.........A s s o c ia te E d ito r h i C. S. W ie n e r i . ,, ..... A s s o c ia te E d ito r C laude Raye H all ....A ssociate E ditor W a lt e r M e s a ro s ........ A r t A ss o c ia te SHORT FEATURES E ditor's T u r n ........... Buys for Guys 6 Thrust ami Marry .................................................. 9 o tv. H . f a w c e t t , JR., president; k o g e r f a w a r n , general manager; c o r d o n f a w c e t t , secretary-treasurer; r o s c o e ... " A w a tn . circulation director; D O N A L D P . H A N S O N , assistant -general manager; r a l p h d a i c i i , editorial director; A L A L L A R D , art director; Ja m e s b . k i v s t o n , advertising director; r a l p h m a t t i SO N , associate art director: g c o r g f . it. c a r l , production director; E. c. hacen, product on manager. C "' ....... .... + Fy f 1 i tv. j -1 Hf) ** - * t ( -L f . . . j 4 -.j J&- ;-4;i.-Afr . ..j. : - ,, h Ath ^ * '% t C -y * J -. j t i (p i "* Hi' :41*%; f ,*V* ` ^ ' f S v ^ ji.S r ' VOL. 12 NO. 103 John H. Hickerson, Advertising Manager Permission hereby granted to quote from this issue r ! , rv provided a to ta l of not more than 1,000 words is quotes the magazine and issue, as w ell as the statement, copyr.ght agazine on radio or television, credit, is given to the t it le of . , oy Fawcett Publications, Inc. CAVALIER is publisheo monthly by Fawcett Pupfications, Inc., F i'v ceu Blag., Greenwich, Conn. ADDRESS ALL M A IL: Subscriptions, change of address, Form 3579 : Subscription Dept., Fawcett Bldg., Greenwich, lo n n .; and a ll edito ria l and advertising tn Fawcett uDiicaiions, Inc., 67 W. 44th 5 t., New York 36, N. Y. Second-class postage paid at Greenwich, Conn., and at additional ra ilin g ofFices. EDITORIAL OFFICES: 67 W. 44th S t., New York 36, N. Y. ADVERTISING OFFICES: 67 W. 44th S t., New York 36, N. Y .; 612 N. Michigan Ave., Chicago 11, IN .; 16SS Guardian Blag., Detroit 26, Mich.; 2978 W jlshire B lvd., Los Angeles 5, C a lif.; 681 Market S t., San Francisco 5, C a lif.; 123 S. Broad S t., Philadelphia 9, Pa.; Hale Printup & Associates, Langford B U g., Miami 32, Fla. and 1430 West Peachtree S t., N.W ., A tlanta 9, Ga. Printed in U.S.A. Copyright 1961 by Fawcett Publications, Inc. R e p rin tin g in w hole o r in p a rt fo rb id d e n e x c e p t by p e rm iss io n o f th e P u b lis h e rs . A d d re ss m a n u sc rip ts to N. Y. editorial office. Unacceptable contributions w ill be returned If accompanied by sufficient first - class postage. Not responsible for lost manuscripts or photos. SUBSCRIPTION PRICE: $3.00 a year in U.S., and possessions. S4.O0 a year ir. Can3da. A ll other countries 56.00 a year. Foreign subscriptions and sales should be remitted b> international Money Order in U.5. " funds payable a t Greenwich, Conn. Member of : Audit Bureiu of Circulations 7} M ainine F-ibllshars Association, Inc. ff Cavalier M agazi: jr .ff* THE KILLER THEY WON'T TRACK DOWN I . rja -'S f rvV tting a cancerhbaazzaarrd*.f_ocornm*s*uelntara-s,4ni ad retained him as a consul..,, Is his rtuhnis, .pprr'oobbllaeeisms.o,,'ca..i-nadtet sphroorftelysstohreroefa?fnt<e*r be renewed. It ment as associate pyo - '. of on"e' ncer versi"tLy awsotuyledanroatn o ,.. s'GTBOyND, NfRooEovWd. 1a9Pd.E--dAitTiRvheSesOpNaunbdliccdaonecsenr'-tsuKsrpioe,c. ted itVh ,aatt :theychaardcin"fOicrC 'H-hroatth a t fo ufirrdmocstotarnsdasndasgcaieinns-t ttoootin"atTelhrseisstteexdpetor.iefnicse tisi no o. ... W ASHIN oevnersolocuwt.th ro at u .- . --< ^ r\n, th e con- menitrt,uuctnedivewrshiitlye aapndoloingdisutsstfroiralcare b u t th e b attle jobs w h en t h e y took f in u .. ""d in stitu tio n s interested o te . tinogens are cancer-prodr chem icalshas been '-ct th e ir ' 1 ""d chem"ic*ahles.cra'tno'*baerhryead-disrwpetcheennt o b s t C arouse, taerirtalions--tcootnmoep*fa.thn.eiessethaaenddrd'e'iaitnnilvosbettansicm.*ka.egne.r,,doainuncw,nd,,hdaeosnongufl--yi,vt.h.ecnaemcopesomw..ee. rticbcyom<*p- anies, THEKE WERE SOME atte ' ` his testi"mroCny. Hwuaespesr' ctienrutaeTidnhiussibes ropewaf'rtiltnnngoe-uff^ogthrAead-r"lmeoVanirngdi.so.tt.w.irmanti.ieimoooo,nnnnaeid>wwff*iaaa.aarrtsmsemlyfgece,.rirwvss,,eit.cchooo,,ssum,.t.e"pu'r*oo.ttrrehicetteeda hne,.a..r- ~"nts ` -imtoer"ds^iawetreaclesy,'Crswnpo'i"emtlhldmeodo'uictttt-ooep-iuerrtvtsoowtiwirnhkheontUegsintoiimtvtiefgoirrhnsjeity)td-ry- moiCn*feanttnchht.hceeeaBssrereugItwnehsaotisisftDutthre.e. WHee.nCwvirrtootniem,:., ents.,... , ic"eMr Ty"activities in fleldworki-vs I,oc.h,Bemicai `'My..b_ lic Health S*r**~v ;."fsoTrinheetthhsceeacnHocuoerrutssfei.rIinntgesrsotaftedoCctoomrsme..r.ce Cou,.. pa. rSt. cP*u*b*vleic s8u^--m^ vmmeeerr . .. -'*'1 the Fowodillianmd' DE'"ir.uSwgmaArintch'itn,hlgdavrsoodtfpuypcePeaadonrnc.fetrTrowhmhehaedzNnaoehrcwdteosrpYisunob.r.ilk.nisdhUuedrstaarvypc;,a.Dperr. a c t l v 3& 0 ' --d forddiryeecst)orproofdtuhceedSac?ancer he?' I -- co u ld be inC o lle r s Oil H b s s s s Ti>-tDhar.tAbertah-unrapV..o.rwaia, as v... sLhaobo-^rfac-htoterhrimyar.tiwca'halesdneuahssetedorfeopciunoatrdmtauepdssatrmitgihanealedtdiimclaufpolnordgritraceancnctoceae;rjroDorfr.SSttuad:y o t c a r in os UPNjaegwe, Jweirus,eywawsheeansh,,,e ca inducing properties of cher by Theodore Irwin DR. SMITH, '- 'O"nb f*or W h en w e: saw -he report on cancer in industry by the widely read Wash ington columnist, Drew Pearson, we asked Theodore Irwin to investigate tor the readers of CAVALIER. Here are the facts our reporter uncovered K! '>"7-,k*& n*mt:* In a report following the 1959 temporary federal ban on sale of certain cranberries, Drew Pearson, the widely syndicated Washington columnist, made these damning revelations: "The public doesn't know it, but the battle over food additives and cancersuspected chemicals has been so cut throat that four doctors and scientists lost their jobs when they took firm stands against certain companies and institutions interested in the continued use of these additives and chemicals. "This is part of the real background of the cranberry dispute. It's been brewing for a long time, and only came to a head when the Food and Drug Administration was given power by a recent act of Congress to crack down on farmers, cosmetic companies, food and chemical companies immediately, with out protracted hearings in the courts. "T he cancer firings of doctors was spelled out in testimony before the House Interstate Commerce Committee when it tightened the Food and Drug Act. T he doctors who got fired were: Pleost iurn page ". m ; k -s fW , '4 iV ,A 1 ;.H?0 U o r k e r , Continued from prv-.dnrg page "Dr. William E. Smith, dropped from New York university when he persisted in warning of cancer hazards in industry; Dr. William C. Hueper, dropped aar.red evidence showing that worker x p o su :! v, asbestos dust were more apt to get lung cancer than other men. When 1 returned to this country, I presented by du Pont when he published a paper showing that this incriminating information to my chief, Dr. A. f. beia-naphthylamine (used for dyes) produced cancer Lanza, then director of N.Y.U.'s Institute of Industrial in dogs; Dr. Arthur Vorwald, dropped as director of the Medicine. I hoped to go ahead with animal experiments Saranac Laboratory, when he reported that lung cancer on asbestos dust." could be induced by a chemical dust of industrial im But Dr. Lanza was firmly against it. "I'd advise portance; Dr. Robert Collier Page, who was eased out you to keep out of this problem," he cautioned as medical director of Standard Oil of New jersey, when the researcher. he campaigned for a major study of cancer-inducing properties of chemicals . . At the time, Dr, Smith learned, Lanza had been hired as consultant for asbestos interests. While the cancer-scare hullabaloo over cranberries, poultry, black jellybeans and other consumer items has stirred up the public to the menace of chemical additives, the further threat--risk of contracting cancer on in-, dustrial jobs--has thus far seemed to be hushed up. As shocking are the charges that doctors and scientists try-3 ing to safeguard lives are being blackjacked. And the danger of on-the-job cancer isn't an imaginary one. Of some 68,000,000 workers in the .United States, 17,000,000 will become cancer victims because of their jobs, according to the American Cancer Society. Unless a miracle occurs, 11,000,000 of these will eventually die of cancer. Shortly after, when Dr. Smith ignored the warning and continued his investigations, Lanza informed him that his appointment as associate professor would not be renewed. Dr. Smith was dumped. Since then, it has been verified that cancer is an occupational disease among asbestos workers in die United States. Checking the hearings on the Food and Drug Law amendment, I found that Dr. Smith testified to all this before the Congressional committee. When Dr. Lanza was asked to give his side of the story, he denied the implications. "Dr. Smith's non-reappointment," he in sisted, "was based on the judgment that his training and competence made him unsuitable for continued re sponsibility." Bill Smith struck back, citing his record. A graduate I s it true, as Pearson implied, that powerful companies are blackballing doctors who dare to delve into the causes of cancer among workers? of Johns Hopkins, he had held important posts at such eminent institutions as Harvard Medical School, the Massachusetts General Hospital, Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research and the Sloan-Kettering Institute Are government agencies sabotaging research in for Cancer Research. He has had more than 40 papers occupational cancer? on cancer published in scientific journals. Does a conspiracy of silence exist in certain industries "I consider myself expendable," Dr. Smith told me. to prevent disclosure of on-the-job cancer? "But I see one cancer scientist after another pushed out Are dedicated scientists, in university labs and else of his work and perhaps out of his career. One lobbyist where, being forced to stop investigating such dangers? " for big industries even remarked to me, `Cancer re To answer these vital questions, C a v a lie r assigned searchers are a lot of trouble-makers.' me to dig up all the facts available. Although Pearson "What happened to me I've seen experienced by has been known at times to be an alarmist, his ac other investigators who became too inquisitive about cusations deserved checking and amplification. This is carcinogens [cancer-producing agents] in a company's my unbiased, no-holds-barred report. products or manufacturing processes. Government, My first visit wras to Dr. William E. Smith at his home in Englewood, N.J. Tall, intense, youthful looking and indefatigable, Bill Smith had spent 17 years in cancer research and played a big role in pushing through the university and industrial research in this field has been obstructed, while apologists for carcinogens are in great demand at 550,000 a year. You have to play ball with some large corporations if you want to hold your job--at Food and Drug Law amendment on food additives two the expense of employees and the public." years ago that led to the cranberry episode. Was he actually fired by New York University for his warnings on cancer hazards? X oday, Bill Smith has a job as professor of health ``I was sandbagged," he told me bluntly. "And I want education at Fairleigh Dickinson University in New to tell the truth because I believe it's an important Jersey. From another well-known scientist, I heard that matter of public health." Dr. Smith has been "blackballed in industry." As a specialist in experimental pathology, Dr. Smith explained, he was for seven years an associate professor of industrial medicine at N.Y.U. His work was primarily with some of the largest chemical companies in the country, testing chemicals on animals to see if cancer ` developed. The idea was to see if workers or consumers were being placed in jeopardy. . ; "On a scientific mission to Belgium," he said, "I My next trip was to Bethesda, Md., where I pinned down Dr. William C. Hueper, one of the world's lead ing authorities on cancer. He is now chief of the e n v iro n mental cancer section in' the National Institutes of Health. . A graying, ruddy, medium-sized man with a German accent, the 66-year-old, pioneering ..scientist has long been known in the research world as a fiery rebel. Highly *  J : iliegritv. h'.; ; ' ! pi . cwcr caused ov iiniiiMij;:: ui T. I .icms.: Hit -tiiht-r office for privacy, ho spo,,e ircen. , too old now to be afraid of btirtg fired,' be said. happened at du Pont? Was Drew Pearson right : >iny Dr. Hueper had been fired tor stepping out Prom testimony at Congressional hearings I had learned that Dr. Hueper had been assistant medical director of the du Pont Company when he published a report on his experiments with beta-naphthyiamine. This is the dangerous chemical dye which has caused biadder cancer in hundreds of workmen who handled it when used in coloring margarine and butter. The fact that it was responsible for tumors in men was established by Dr. Hueper's tests on lab dogs. This is how he explained the du Pont fracas to me: I was asked by a du Pont official not to study histologically [examine tissue structure] the testicles of experimental animals exposed to poisonous chemicals. Why? 1 was told it was because du Pont was not inter ested in the testes of its' workersl My reply was that if I would have to do non-scientific investigations, du Pont would have to look for another pathologist. A few weeks later, I was informed I could be dispensed with." Confirmation of the reason for Dr. Hueper's firing has come from Dr. E. S. Ross, chief medical director of the Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen. "I recall," relates Dr. Ross, "that the medical director of the du Pont Company told me that Dr. Hueper had been dis charged shortly after showing that beta-naphthylamine induced cancer." What about government obstruction and snafus on cancer research projects? At the National Cancer In stitute of the U.S. Public Health Service, a program had been set up for study of lung cancer risks for men in the chromate industry. Cooperation of industrial man agement was necessary. But lobbyists for, a group of chemical industries had objected to field studies under the program. In the words of Dr. Hueper: "My activities in field work on environmental cancer were discontinued when I was asked to stop such activities and have no further contacts with industry or state health departments in matters of occupational and environmental cancel. This was brought about by a complaint, as I was officially told, about my activities in regard to studying conditions bringing about lung cancer among workers in the chromate industry made to my superiors in Washington in behalf of the American chromate industry by Dr. A. J. Lanza, as its medical representative. Dr. Lanza apparently acted in the role of a lobbyist. "Due to these lobbying activities of Dr. Lanza, not only my field studies have come to an end, but there was for some time serious interference even with my experimental work in the field of occupational cancer. "It is my belief that, through the intervention of Pr. Lanza, not only the interest of American industries with cancer hazards to workers but of the American people at large, and of the American medical profession, was s e r io u s ly d a m a g e d ." In reply to these charges, the then surgeon general, Lewis E. Burney, maintained that the U.S. Public Health Service continued its field studies involving suspected carcinogens after a "reorganization" under another director. 1: ; . i tain-, iv: ichcc n: lung cane-..; hazaius. "A i n - .nodical official oi thf Atomi c I n on:,'.' ( . o n mission ' . said, "declared such an undertaking was nonsen: tried to biock it. But he was uns iccessiul." Laos liuepe: was invited hv the Colorado State Medic;.; Society to address its annual meeting in Denser on cance; hazards in Colorado. He included sn his pre pared text a description of excessive lung cancer in cidence among radioactive ore miners in Europe. "I was asked to omit these references as being `not in tlie public interest,' " Dr. Hueper recalled. "The delivery of my paper was made dependent on complying with this demand. Since I refused to be made a scientific liar by omission, I cancelled my talk as being censored. I have been told that someone in AEC asked then that I be dismissed." ' ' When I interviewed him, Dr. Huper told me, his oc cupational cancer work is "the smallest field of investi gation" and he can't even hire assistants. I asked why. He smiled bitterly. "Political pressure by industry," he 1said. ' ';??' "Tjffi "As soon as I retire," he went on, "in four years, when I am 70, my environmental cancer section will be closed up entirely. Evidently it's felt that my work can be carried on better by distributing it among other units-- by men who have never contributed anything so far to occupational cancer. "I have protested against this in a 40-page memoran dum to Secretary Flemming [Arthur S. Flemming, then the federal secretary of the Department of Health, Edu cation and Welfare] because I feel it is an injustice to the American people. I have told the sad story of environmental cancer in a 15-page survey which I sent to Dr. John R. Heller, head of the National Cancer Institute. What 1 would like to see is a large environ mental cancer center, perhaps as part of the new Bureau of Environmental Health which the surgeon general recently proposed to Congress. Environmental cancer needs special experience and should be one ol the major fields of investigation, if we are to protect the American people against cancer-producing agents." H i s persistent efforts seemed to be making federal offi cials jittery. Not so long ago, Dr. Hueper was asked by a government man, "When are you moving?" The safety director of the United Mine Workers Union remarked to Dr. Hueper, "Anyone in your position must be pre pared to change jobs frequently." But the stubborn scientist is standing pat. For speaking out, Dr. Hueper says he has been further punished: His promotion to a higher grade has been rescinded and he remains merely a section chief. Far more important than the personal penalties is industry's continuation of cancer hazards. That brought us to the blanket of silence spread over the hidden cancer story. "Too many industrial doctors," he said, "can't freely report on the occurrences of cancer among workers un der their care." "Just how common is this?" 1 asked. "It's quite prevalent. We know there are occupa tional cancers in other countries and we have the world's largest industrial setup. Yet, there,have,been scarcely any reports on such cases here. Industry has consistently : refused publication of statistics [Continued on page 85] f" i* . jW s t > 55 Chapman, far from through, sent out flurries of appeals from his conviction on a whole catalogue of technicalities. But the State Court of Errors and Appeals, giving Gerald the brush, volunteered the comment that it had seldom in its ex perience seen a murder charge so clearly and conclusively proved. While Gerald was sitting it out, think ing up a last-minute move, his old'pal, Dutch, became an involuntary civic im provement in Muskegon, Michigan, when a detective, spotting him on the street, got into a gun duel with hifn. When they picked Dutch up he was dead in several places. Connecticut paid Gerald Chapman the compliment of installing a new hanging machine--a contraption that jerked a man upward instead of dropping him through a trap--just in time for his in voluntary departure. But Chapman was still not through. Sweating it out in the death house, he master-minded an appeal to the United States Supreme Court, charging that his constitutional rights had been violated when he had been removed from At lanta, prior to the completion of his sentence there, to stand trial in Con necticut. And damned if the highest court in the land didn't consider the argument. Finally, though, it said, "No." Gerald was set to go at midnight on April 5, 1926, when he was in the 39th year of his life--a little over five years after he had first begun to have fun with the blondes in Gramercy Park. On the morning of that'April day, he somehow wangled an unprecedented appearance before -the six;man Connecticut Board of Pardons. "Gentlemen," said Gerald, looking searchingly into each face, moistening his lips, choosing his words with ease, his voice lumpy with emotion, "you have, a choice. You have the choice of setting me free from a crime I never committed-- or you have the choice of knowing, to your dying days, that you refused to save the life of an innocent man." Gerald now launched into the story of his misspent life and the psychological reasons behind it, always stressing the fact that he had never taken a human life. And then, at the end of more than an hour, he stood dramatically before the six stern-faced men, arms limp at his sides, a faint smile on his thin, purplish lips. "My life, then, gentlemen," Gerald concluded, "1 now leave in your hands." But it didn't work. At a few minutes past midnight that night, the brainiest criminal of modern times, wearing a con clusive rope around his neck, was jerked to his doom. ': OPPORTUNITIES FOR YOU For ad ratos, write 8S. Clinton, Chicago 6 BUSINESS & MONEY M A K IN G OPPORTUNITIES (PM fan fi?) FREE BOOK OFFER. How I mad over 540.000.00 year on $100. investment, selling by mail. Torrey, Box 3566-D, Oklahoma City 6, Oklahoma._____________ * M A K E $25-550 Week, clipping newspaper items for pub lishers. Some clippings worth $5 each. Particulars Free# National, 81-M , Knickerbocker station, N ew York City. 520.00 HOUR LEARN engraving. Engrave giass, Steel, head of Pin, and for us. Engraver, 751 M arket St., Victoria, B.C. 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We have no data from asbestos textile Then he ticked off the areas of silence:^ /companies on lung cancer and asbestosis, Until recently, millions of pounds of 1 a lung disease associated with cancer. chemicals were used in dye industries. Among nickel refinery workers, a gag A pinch of the stuff has been proved to apparently has been placed on reports cause bladder cancer. Except for one of cancers of the sinuses, nasal cavities brief report a few years ago, medical and lung, although such cases have been literature in the U.S. has no information found in Canada, Norway and England. on the occurrence and number of such Coal tar cancers of the skin have been cancers and the type of workers involved. hushed up. Companies Dr. Hueper vis Yet, Dr. Hueper contends, occupational ited denied they had cases, but changed bladder cancer among several hundred their minds when faced with state health dye workers is on record in the files of department records. chemical companies. "The medical di Industry neglects to report skin or rector of ope company," he added, "went lung cancers developed by non-ferrous out of his way to block presentation of smelter workers and miners working with such evidence before an international arsenic-containing oils. cancer congress by threatening me with wanted to know why companies prosecution for divulging company ftould want to suppress this vital in secrets. Later, he refused to let me enter formation. Dr. Hueper pointed to a re any of his company's plants." deem statement by Dr. Phillipe Shubik of the University of Chicago Medical A th o u g h sk in cancer has often ap peared among paraffin pressers in U.S. oil School, who attributed the coverup to "fear of compensation and insurance claims that would arise." refineries, no reports (except from Esso) As a further check on the Hueper- have been issued for the past 30 years. Smith accusations of cancer research U.S. industry is silent on bladder sabotage, I called on the public-minded cancer among rubber workers who use American Cancer Society. At its New rubber anti-oxidents. One company knew York headquarters, I found this corrob of 38 cases of bladder tumors during the oration in the society's official publica manufacture of the chemical, but did not tion: publish the findings. Appearance of "Some industries which have instituted cancers in similar plants in England have studies of the problem (of environmental been demonstrated. cancer) are not publishing data on the P O E M S N E ^ b E b IM M E D IA T E L Y for songs and Records. O ur offer is b e s t Rush Poems. Songcrafters, 6145-C Acklen Station, Nashville, Tenn. PERSONAL A MISCELLANEOUS CAROLINA COAST. 55 down. $5 monthly buys large home8ite, 70x150, in beautiful Boiling Spring Lakes. Satisfaction guaranteed. 16,000 acres. 52 freshwater lakes. Excellentfishing, hunting. Free literature. 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IlllncJ* " s t o n e -f ie l d C O R P O R A T IO N , D ap t. H -9 4 S I i 5 3 2 S . T h ro o p S t ., C h ica g o 7 , III. j I Dear sir: ! W AN T A M A D E -T O -M E A SU R E SU IT TO W EAR | I A N D S H O W , withertit p a y in * 1c fo r i t . R u*h d e ta ils a n d S a m p le . | k it of actual fabrics A B SO L U T E LY F R E E . | NAM E- . AGE -- A D D R E SS- l _ Cc InT Y ________ .. S T A T E ___________________ Today you have new hope for hair regrow th...it's been proved that, even though you arc bald, hair roots may still be alive to produce new hairs. Thousands bat* accomplished this with the amaring Brandenfels Home System. See "before'*and "after" pictures at left! Write now for full FREE information! Carl Brandenfels B ox 75 T , S t . H elens. Oregon .WL,, P A R T TIME INCOM E! MATCH g ll A d vertisin g M atchbooks to u sin e ssa s in Y our A real F ast, eaay " order from th e catalog" ' s e l l i n g , w i t h b i g c a s h c o m m i s s i o n s sa d stead y repeat orders. Free sales lcit sh o w s you w h ere and how to g et o rd er. P a rt o r fu ll tim e . N o ex* perien ce n eed ed . N o Investm ent, ho "''X r i s k . E v e r y b u s i n e s s a p r o s p e c t ! * - W r i t e t o d a y f o r d e t a il* ! CORPORATION OF AMERICA Dept, NR-12, 343343 W . 48th Place, Chicago 32. III- STATEM EN T REQUIRED BY THE ACT OF AUGUST 24, 1912, AS A M E N D E D BY T H E ACTS^OF MARCH 3, 933 JULY 2. 946, and JUNE I t , i960 (74 S TAT. 208). SHOWING TH E OWNERSHIP, MANAGEMENT, AND C IR C U LA TIO N OF CAVALIER published monthly a t Greenwich, Conn., lor names and addresses of the publisher, editor, managing editor, And business managers aTe: Publisher, Fawcett Publications. Inc., Greenwich, Conn. ; Editor, Bob Curran. New Tor* City. N. Y . ; Managing Editor, Ralph Daigh, Pelham Manor, N . Y ,,; Business Manager, Gordon Fawcett, Greenwich, Conn. 2. The owner is: (If owned by a corporation, its name and address must be stated and also immediately thereunder the names and addresses of- stockholders owning or holding 1 percent or more of total amount of stock. If not owned by a corporation, the names and addresses of the individual owners must be given. If owned by a partnership or other unincorporated firm, its name and address, as well as that of each individual member, must be given.) Fawcett Pub lications, Inc., Greenwich, Conn.; W. H. Fawcett, Jr., Norwalk, Conn.; Marion Bagg, Overland Park, Kansas; Roger Fawcett, New York, N. Y .; V. D. Fawcett, Green wich, Conn.; M. B . Fawcett, Norwalk, Conn.; Gordon V . Fawcett, Greenwich, Conn.; Gloria Leary, Santa Monica, Cal V. F. K err, Bakersfield, Cal.; Allan M. Adams A Jatk B. Adams as trustees under the trust agreement with Eva F . Roberts, dated July 3, 1959, Greenwich, Conn.; H. A, Fawcett. New York, N. Y .; Roscoe K ent Fawcett, Reno, Nevada; M. F . Fawcett, Greenwich, Conn. 3. The known bondholders, mortgagees, and other security holders owning or holding 1 percent or more of total amount of bonds, mortgages, or other securities are: (If there are none, go state.) None. 4. Paragraphs 2 and 3 include, in cases where the stock holder or security holder appears upon the books of the company as trustee or in any other fiduciary relation, the name of the person oi corporation for whom such trustee is acting; also the statements in the two paragraphs show the affiant's full knowledge and belief as to the circumstances and conditions under which stockholders and security holders who do not appear upon the books of the company its trustees, bold stock and securities in a capacity otner than that of a bona fide owner. 5. The average number of copies of each issue of this publication sold or distributed, through the mails or otherwise,, to paid subscribers during the 12 months preceding the date shown shove was: (This information is required by the act of June 11, i960, to be included in all statements regardless of frequency of issue.) 415,474. GORDON FAWCETT, Business Manager Sworn to and subscribed before roe thi6 30th day of September. 1961. {SEAL} LILLIAN M. KLEIN (My commission expires A pril 1, 1963) 86 symptomology and epidemiology of can cers within their industries. Through such secretiveness, the medical profession is deprived of the benefit of factual evidence which is essential for an in telligent approach to a preventive con trol of cancer by medical and tech nological procedures. "In fact, some companies have taken active steps to prevent the publication of incriminating evidence obtained by investigators in their several fields. A few industrial concerns and certain in dustrial consultants have even gone to the length of endeavoring to undermine the professional standards of workers in the field of occupational cancer." There still remained two other scien tists mentioned by Drew Pearson. Dr. Arthur Vorwald had been dropped as director of the Saranac (N.Y.) Lab oratory when he described his discover)' that cancer of the lungs.could stem from a chemical dust. Checking, I discovered that Dr. Vorwald is now with the Depart ment of Industrial Medicine at Wayne University. Finally, Dr. Robert Collier Page was medical director of the Standard Oil Company of New Jersey when he started to study cancer-causing chemicals. Today, Dr: Page, no longer medical director, has the title of "consultant" with the com pany. Dr. Page labels the statement that Standard Oil -was-opposed to his cancer research as "entirely untrue." Then he adds, "I am presently enjoying my ca pacity as a consultant to Jersey Stand ard." What does all this muzzling of cancer investigators and the hushing up^f can cer cases mean to you? How important are all these shenanigans in your life? Primarily it may indicate that you're not as protected as you should be against the threats of cancer on your job. More than 400 chemicals have been pin pointed as causing cancer and any of them may affect you at your work or at home. Occupational cancer hits males pri marily, since more men than women come in contact with industrial carcino gens. There's hardly a single industry which, at some point,, doesn't have one or more carcinogens potentially danger ous to people handling them, unless the right precautions are taken. They may be dusts, gases, vapors, oils, tars, simple metals or complex chemical compounds. You have about one chance in four oi developing some form of cancer during your lifetime. Most men in industry are not at all aware that their job may eventually give them the disease. Many workers with tars and oils, for ex ample, ignore warty growths. They use a sharp knife or razor blade to pare the lesions themselves, though a surgical biopsy may reveal skin cancer. Taking one industry alone, among men in their 40s in some U.S. chromate plants there are 325 times as many lung cancer cases as in men of the same age in the general population! The fact that a man's job may be responsible lor his cancer was first re vealed almost 200 years ago when skin cancers were found to be common in chimney sweeps. This was traced to tar that, rubbed into their ,skin as they climbed through chimneys. The same kind of cancers can be produced in the lab by rubbing coal tar into the skin of animals. From coal tar, a long line of car cinogens have been isolated. Some are so powerful that a tiny crystal is enough to induce cancer. Chimney sweeps are gone, but many a man has gotten skin cancer from han dling coal tar or its derivatives in presentday occupations at gas works, where tar is' made; at coke ovens and tar dis tilleries; in jobs involving pitch or creosote, paving roads, making briquettes, water-proofing timber, fish nets or elec- trie cables. For centuries, a peculiar lung disease has been rampant in miners of southern Germany. This has been recognized as lung cancer. The mines contain radio active gas. During the last 30 years, a creeping horror has pursued women employed in a watch factory in the little town of Ampere, New jersey. Back in the '20s, girls were hired to paint watch dials with a luminous paint. The paint con tained a radium compound. To point up a brush, the girls would twirl the tip between their lips. Each time, they ab sorbed a tiny amount of radium, and it settled in their bones. As the years have gone by, one by one these girls have developed cancer of the bones. Amputa tion, disfigurement or death was the re sult. T od ay, radioactive materials are widely used in industry as "tracers." In Germany, Switzerland, England and finally in the U.S., men who worked with, synthetic azo dyes came down with bladder cancer.- In some operations, 100 per cent of the workers were afflicted. Even if-a man worked only six months in a dye plant, the cancer could appear 10 or 15 years later. In Detroit, recently, two metal workers quietly received a big out-of-court settle ment from their company because they developed skin cancer from contact with cutting oils. These oils, still used to cool high-speed cutting machinery, are sprayed on a worker's hands and face, as well as inhaled. At one major auto plant, workers are threatening to strike unless safer cutting oil is provided. In some cases, outbreaks of the disease have been called `'spontaneous cancer," though they were suspected as being due to the oils. Several months ago, an Ohio state health officer, in a study utilizing death certificates and Social Security records, was able to uncover a nigh death rate of bladder cancer among workers in a chemical company exposed to benzadine and beta-naphthylamire. Although these chemicals were conceded by company officials to be cancer hazards, and nine living plant employees were awarded compensation, the poisons are still used. These are only a few instances of what has happened--and is happeningin plants throughout the nation. How vulnerable are you? Occupational cancer can occur a year C avalier M agazine after exposure or many years later. It depends-on the intensity of the exposure, the potency of the chemical or physical agent and how susceptible you are. It's possible for a cancer to show up years after you've left a job where you had contact with a carcinogen. Specifically, a number of jobs today tend to expose workers to such risks. For instance, several studies by the Metro politan Life Insurance Company indicate that higher than average death rates from lung cancer appear among copper smiths and tinsmiths, painters and varnishers, roofers and slaters. Other studies point to the following occupations as harboring cancer-causing elements: Asbestos workers. Stokers of coke ovens. Men who breathe in chromium- containing compounds. Hot-metal workers. Men who make or handle arsenical pesticides used in sprays or dusts. Refinery workers having contact with nickel dust and nickel carbonyl vapors. Men exposed to excessive fumes of gasoline, oil or varnish. Producers and handlers of certain aromatic amines (compounds de rived from ammonia) whose deriva tives are used in making rubber and dyes. Workers who produce tar paper and asphalt shingles.1 Men engaged in mining and "smelting of copper, zinc and silver ores who are exposed to arsenicals. Workers exposed to certain petro leum mists and fogs, or vapors from isopropyl -oil. ; _ T h e 400 different substances pegged as carcinogens generally attack specific organs of the body, such as the following: Skin Cancer, which comprises three out of four cases of the occupational disease: The culprits include arsenic, asphalt, creosote, crude paraffin oil, pitch, X-rays and ultraviolet rays. In the oil industry, high boiling fractions of petro leum and petroleum products, shale oil, coal tar and related compounds are established inciters of skin cancer. Bladder Cancer, which covers about 15 per cent of occupational tumors: Aro matic amines (beta-naphthylamine and benzidine) used in making synthetic dyes are absorbed into the body, prob ably by inhalation. The exposure of only a few micrograms of beta-naphthylamine a day continued for several months may be enough to produce bladder cancer in some men. Hundreds of these cases were found in United States dye plants. Re cently, bladder cancer has emerged as a hazard for men making automobile tires, apparently as result of a chemical used to treat the rubber. Lung Cancer: Fumes from anthracene oil, asbestos, chromates, nickel carbonyl and coal tar; radioactive substances. Leukemia, the malignant disease of blood-forming tissues such as the spleen, lymph nodes and bone marrow: Benzene, X-rays, radium. January 1962 Cancer of sinuses and nose (nas opharynx): Nickel carbonyl, isopropyl oil, radioactive dusts and gases. In the manu facture of products from propylene gas there seems to be a large number of such cancer cases. Bone Cancer: Radium and radioactive products. Just how do these deadly agents pro duce cancer? They act in different ways. Some carcinogens, like tar and mineral oils, cause the disease directly. Others, like the azo dyes, act indirectly, probably evoking metabolic disturbances in cer tain organs such as the liver which in turn result in cancers being produced within the body. For example, among men working in nickel refining, nose and lung cancers are traced to nickel carbonyl, a gas at ordinary temperatures. On contact with water, nickel carbonyl decomposes to finely divided nickel and carbon monox ide. Hence it is presumed that in the moist body cavities (sinuses, lungs) into which it is breathed, the tissues are actually exposed to finely divided nickel. In its early stage, it's hard to spot this cancer because so many men suffer from chronic sinusitis. By the time the cancer is discovered, it often has invaded the bone. Then, chances of survival are poor. In one study of cancer in a nickel-refining plant, 90 out of 93 cases ended in death. Surprisingly, the same sort of nasal sinus cancers have turned up in men working on a wholly different job, mak ing isopropyl oil. Not long ago, during Dr. Smith's visit to a shale-oil plant which processes gas oline, paraffin, diesel .oil and other products, he examined eftiployees work ing in the paraffin process. Several had dull red, brownish or purple splotches on their forearms. One man, who had had two cancers removed from his arm, showed four "horns" on his hands and a suspiciously firm mound on the skin at his wrist. Many red, conical "paraffin wans" were on his legs and arms. Evidently, if the skin trouble among these workers was allowed to become chronic, cancer broke out. To industrial leaders, the whole prob lem of cancer-causing hazards on the job is a big headache. Obviously, no one would want to expose people carelessly to chemicals they honestly thought would induce cancer. The problem is that man agement's thinking is often about 100 years behind the times. It took a long while for people to realize that a few bacteria can enter the body, multiply and produce disease. Today, we're in the same position in regard to the more subtle, delayed-action carcinogens. Many persons are not only apathetic about it but reluctant to believe chemical mole cules can enter the body, stimulate a body cell to multiply and--as that cell and its descendants go on multiplying--eventu ally produce a mass of cells that we call cancer. But that is what happens. Very few industries have made studies of carcinogens in their manufacturing processes and published the results. In one California plant, a serious lung disease was known to exist for 20 years. No effective dust-control measures were adopted until the International Chemical SELLS ARTICLE FOR $300 " My first attempt at writing for a national magazine was an article in answer to one that appeared in LOOK. My response was chusen the best and I received $300 for it." --Glenn Dunlap, Painesville, Ohio. How Do You Know YOU Can't W R IT E for P R O F IT ? HAI'D you ever tried ? 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Marshall is available wher ever paperback books are sold dm . only 3 5 .-your r4eafer^i*'&aJd.V^yl&?end *35C-: p^us ^lOC-ifor? pottage .'ond'bomJlinp'.JtfSCol'iJ Medal Bookt^-F^ycett Publication*^ ^e.^Gfoew3dt^Conhe<H<ut^lf;5;*<rder^i* fo r J i^ e . o f -w " b ook i^ hd pos^b6e'oli,:h^hdyi{g''ifiDfge H fiecetsary, ' P t^ se ViTde:byinumbe,Gan^'flfri^f/oCanadan orders. 88 Workers Union called a strike to obtain safe working conditions--to protect their lives. The behind-the-times attitude of in dustrial management is illustrated by the experience of a state health official who recently visited a small asphalt plant which had a known carcinogen hazard. "You ought to improve your ventilat ing system and set up other safeguards for your workers," the official urged the owner of the plant. "That's nonsense," was the reply. `Tve been working with asphalt for twentytwo yean and no one is going to tell me it's dangerous." Later, the official reported that he could clearly see half a dozen wart-like growths on the owner's face and hands.1 The warts were the kind that are often pre-cancerous. And growing just above of their men contracting asbestosis, a lung disease associated with cancer. One oil company tested hundreds of petroleum derivatives on thousands of mice. The experiment disclosed which de rivatives would cause cancer and which did not. With the information supplied by the mice, the company swung into ac tion to protect men from products which showed a cancer risk. Pipes carrying carcinogenic products were painted a distinctive color. Re fineries were rebuilt to concentrate the dangerous lines in one area. Men work ing there were instructed in the risk. Protective clothing and washing facilities were provided, and' foremen saw to it that the men used these .facilities. Through further tests on mice, products distributed to consumers were carefully checked for safety. the owner's cheek bone was an actual cancer the size of a dime! These tumors had developed so slowly and insidiously that the man had paid no attention to them. This program is unique in the annals of industrial medicine. Most of the material tested came from new processes. No one knew whether or not they would bring about cancer in humans. The mice How can your job be made safer, if provided information to head off occupa you're in one of the vulnerable indus tional cancer before it happened! tries? Fortunately, the outlook for re Such foresight is rare. Many companies ducing cancer in industry is more hope are doing little or nothing about the ful than it is for the general public, hidden menace. Why should industry because exposure to specific carcinogens drag its feet? The answer is that protec can be controlled. These are some of the tive measures can be expensive. important ways of preventing occupa tional cancer: 1. Substitute, where possible, a safe substance or process for a harmful one. 2. Introduce a production system to prevent escape of noxious dusts, fumes, vapors and gases into the air. Good ex haust ventilation is essential wherever such hazards exist. Sometimes a dry method of releasing dust can be changed to a wet technique that creates no dust. 3. If carcinogens can't be eliminated, the time and degree of exposure to them should be reduced as much as possible. 4. Protective clothing, goggles, gloves and respirators should be used by workers in jeopardy. It's wise to have separate lockers for work and street clothes. Prefer ably, work clothes should be changed daily. Another good safeguard is to shower at the end of the day. 5. Workers should be carefully in structed to avoid unnecessary contact with the carcinogens they handle. N e w carcinogens are being discovered from time to time, especially in radio active materials. Important industries using cancer-inducing agents are ex panding--dye plants and processors of various forms of hydrocarbons, metals and solvents. Procedures involving new types of exposure are constantly being developed. Thus occupational cancer has become one of the ominous end-products of the technological world in which we work. If cancer arose suddenly after exposure to one or another chemical, it would be easy to spot the relationship. But it comes on very, very slowly. Ten or 20 years can go by between the first exposure and the eventual appearance of cancer. Mean time, a man may have handled hundreds of different chemicals, changed his job within his industry or gone on to another industry. 6. Periodic medical examinations of workers must be made to detect early signs of cancer. Tracking down chemical causes of cancer is a tough job, but, with the booming expansion of chemical indus 7. All industrial plants using cancer- tries, it is a job that must be done. inducing materials should be licensed It will need the dose teamwork of man by the state or federal government and agement, labor, government and cancer regular inspections made of plant con researchers. trol methods. When I discussed this with Bill Smith, It's good to know that a number of he was confident it can be done. big companies are alive to the perils and "Tars, oils, metals and many other have taken steps to shield their workers. substances that can cause cancer are Monsanto Chemical Company stopped necessary and important in industry," he i making a new chemical after it was said. "Learning to handle them safely is proved to cause bladder cancers in dogs. not really different from learning to Union Carbide and Carbon Company handle acids, explosives or other danger made technical changes to cut out hazards ous, but necessary, chemicals." leading to cancer in the sinuses of men Scientists like Dr. Smith and Dr. working on production of isopropyl Hueper, even though they are attacked alcohol. The Mutual Chemical Company as "trouble makers," must be permitted j built new plants to reduce dangers to to explore the mysteries of carcinogens chromate workers. Several asbestos manufacturers have improved their processes to cut down dust and decrease the chances without hindrance and to reveal their findings. Only then cart you be safe on your job from the ravages of cancer. C a v a lie r Magazine