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ES-3606 FOR DU'PONT OSE ONLY HASKELL LABORATORY AR226-2913 II B. M. SCHULZ | TEXTILE FIBERS DEPARTMENT : GENEVA 1 January 13, 1984 INDUS IN THE U.K,,, NETHERLANDS AND GB {Haskell Labbratt ort N..29-84; SUMMARY Industrial hygiene sutjveys fodB|temission at heat-setting operation were done at three custdmer plants: Richards Ltd. in Aberdeen, Scotland; W & J KnpX Fibers, Ltd. at Kilbirnie, Scot^U^y. and_ft_fimflgjt at Kirkgad e , Netherlands. In addition, in Germany. monitored at Uentrop Werk The[ i T samPles at the three heat-setting plants cannot be considered-Co be "breathing rone" samples as defined in Du Pont Engineering Standard S-12-IT; but, with the exception of two samples at Knox, they were plated at approximatlev nose level in locations where people normally worked, fhey^llsamples were in Sr" the range 0.3-1.5 tng/m , 4hieh is well be low'the 5 rag/nr AEL. These samples should approximate breathing zone concentrations. At Uentrop Werk three types of Samples were takej^neai^^m^t formed when fiber co n a l n ng a newly applied f i n i s h j Q ^ | H | ^ H ;made a 90 bend over' 4 guide: Q m p u n e s ^ ^ rotal Ifhd respiraBTa^o pulates, and fractions of particulates less than 10 pm. Th(| oncentrations near the finish mist were in the range 0.8^ fitig/a Total particulates were approximately 24 mg/m of which about 4*6* were less than 5 pm. j i! -1 ,,Does not contain T SC A C ftr s oe r K : " H S ":: - - - :" BACKGROUND j j. u*?ed in formulations is present a a c o n t a m n S S W ^ H ^ ^ P R ^ l a ^ S s ? a thermal degradation proSSTOien iatlns " *re subjected to hat-setting. I t was desired to_fihaiacterize the exposure of workers near machine which was applying eisttfaf p a r t f c u ! B P I I I I l K ^ ? ? tlr,,,i"! the totai and r e s p i r E S T ^ particle size disritoUo!j? ' theM l | > t r a t i o n and the SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS METHODS fflHP^ampling and Analytical Methodfj Pont Model P-2 00A samp. 100/50 mg tubes with glais Plow rates were in the 10 a weredone pe* Haskell Laboratory . B^^pififiJiere taken using Du pumps. Sample tubes were SKC Tenax* Balfd ends ;:Cat#226-35-03, Lot 203) mL/mlnute tah'GS. The pumps were * -029) with ax Kusrz Paiowmet calibrated bubble mete w e r e _____ Sampling details for all hygiene data forms in th Model* 54IS, Which iitself was prior ^ ^ ^ h e survey (| - Pumps ror samples -028 a bubble meter at Uentrop. lies jf individual industrial .ile, uins'inA-na*t-*l-hy^si^sv*eofn t-h"e^ii^P^wPles was done at Haskell Laboratory t deiorption/gas chromatography method described samples rom thie*e wvaaatir*?iroAtlu,,isaia3PilteesW.S submitt*d with *ach batch of Total & Respirable Particulates fid P iuTotal n n ca s and 8et t ef6-s8-oS^?((MuH l^i llil il^p^ieoO^tjPem^ nGP^rlIoav^ri mmttiaiefCutwuirrlfi cl.aitePntaVT/C9we5er-0eA3e7mcs0oa0l)ltecantde.d .DuusiPn^g liirr s M te - M : a n d ^ fte/samplingrat H a s B e l ^ h 0*?**t*."et* weighed betre 16-24 hours b S 2 each w S ^ l ,, g at0,:y M d "ere d6sic ted -2 Company Sanitized. Does not contain TSCA c n The respirable particulate sample train had a cyclone separator ahead of the filter cassette* The cyclone/filter cassette assembly constitutes the Bendix SO* 99 Respirable Cyclone Dust Collector. The following table shows the percentages of particles of various aerodynamic diameters which pass through the cyclone and into the filter cassette. The particles passing through tpis cyclone are Considered to be the respirable fraction. Aerodynamic Diameter 1 in Micrometers Percentage Passing Through Cvclone 4 2.0 2.5 3.5 5.0 10.0 90 75 50 25 0 After the filter substrates for the total and respirable particulates were weighed, (they were sent to Dr. Eric Kissa (Jackson Laboratory, Chambers Works) for fluorine analysis. Particulate Fractions j A Model 2110 ten stage ierra cascade JJpoactor with a cyclone pre-separator (10 jam cutoff} was used to determine the particle size distribution of the fihish mist. Airflow through the impactor at 3.4 Lpm was generated by a vaciliiin pump. The Xurz 541S mass flowmeter was used in-line with the impactor and vacuum pump to measure the airflow!. The Kurz flopSeter was calibrated before and after the impactpr run with a bubble meter on site. The collects substrates fbr each of the ten stages were c-220 GF-Type A glass fiber filtej: papers which Wefe desiccated and pre-weighed on site. After; sampling the filters were again desiccated, weighed a - Qr fluorine analysis. t n RESULTS Tables 1, 2 and 3 show theffl^jnnon.itorihg results at Richards, Knox and Ornatex. All simples wte well below the Acceptable Exposure Limit ofe 5 mg/m3. Table 4 shows the location and tp of Campling done at Uentrop Werk and Tables 5 &| 6 show the results of the analyses of the samples at that site. Tabl 7 Shows the method of determining the percent respirable particles in the Sierra impactor test. Table 8 shoWs the results* of the fluorine analysis on the respirable jand total particulate samples. The fluorine analyses on the impactor fractions are shown in Table 9. 3 Company Sanitized. Does not contain TSC# ce DISCUSSION & RECOMMENDATIONS TheI|BpjBini83in at the customer plants seem to he under A 8ot ch6<T fot emiasions at the heat-setters should be performed approximately every two years whenever conditions such as hept-setting tempeiature, throuu \ " chines ori ventilation^ c f e b e so m thel^pire leased. | e The test for particulates at Uentrop Werk using the BDX sampler resuited in ah apparent respirable portion of 4-6%, while the respirable portion calculated from the Sierra impactor study was approximately 11%. Fluorine analysis by 1r. Eric Kisss on th total and respirable particular] I samples (-022, -023f -030 and indicate that the read irable portion is 62-66%fflHK the total particulate} are approximately 4 4 % f g J f j -031) while Preliminary testing fi'r fluorine On the impactor fractions show .iiat the partici e ij^^je O.Srf6,4 pm size range consist of approximately 20-41 e i Report by: __ *" s''wM^]| Kayser ^:^0^sultant - industrial Hygiene Approved bys 'I i .I JMK/dar ! ( Attachments: Tables -d I Number of pages in t h .s rport: 13 , Section Supervisor Industrial Hygiene 4pmpany Sanitized. Does not contain TSC CBi TABLE 1 .................... LIB.. ABERDEEN. Sf!nrr.AMn Nylon staple spun fromjAntton* Plus Tvos 309A tc 1er'-^ uu?re iwasJn?75c.HaaSsatntpilieeid2aLtet:e,BPOAcrt*o^be^r 4w,as1918332.C and dryer Sample Number H-83-38-001 H-83-38-002 Location of Sample Three feet from exit of presteamer, 12" above belt neat control buttons# 2* from entry rollers# 6" from edge of yarn. i e (mla.) m 176 H-83-38-003 H-83-38-004 H-83-38-005 H-83-38-006 Two feet frok exit of dryer# 3* above belt. Attached to yarn takeoff accumulator support stand. i .! . Between dryer and setting chamber* Dlireetly over and 2 1/2 * above belt* Two feet horizontally from exit roller of setting chamber. 167 167 148 178 H-83-38-007 Blank Conc^^syon 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.5 Non-detectable HL 2 9 -8 4 I I 5Company Sanitized. Does nof contain TSCA r m TABLE 2 [^ W I m ONITORING AT NQX FIBERS KILB1RNE, SCOTLAND Sampling eat-set on Sussen equipment at rer 5. 1983. Sample Number Location iof Sample H-83-38-008 Blank Sample Tle (mil`Jlf'. ) H-83-38-009 H-83-38-010 H-83-38-011 H-83-38-012 Over wrapped neat entrance to heat-setter. Eighteen inches from wrapper and |14" from bottom lip 6f exhaust hood. i` i On poets either side of exit from heat-setter. Twelve to fifteen inches from either |side of hood at level of;bottom lip of hood. j H? 148 146 145 ? H-83-38-013 H-83-38-014 Immediately over (outside) yarn masts at exit of heat-setter;(under exhaust hood) :S7 65 Conc:eeatr-atlion (tmom/m) ) Non-detectable 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.5 HL 29-84 i j Ii i ! 6- OiSiiot'conlain fSCACBl TABLE 3 SAMPLING AT ORNATEX, KIRKRADE, METHRRr.AMnc ^ * Superba equipment. Sample Number _ Location of sample H-83-38-015 Blank ! H-83-38-016 H-83-38-017 Abqve convenor belt at exit of heati-setter. Samples were; 22* shove the conveyor and 30" horizontally from the exit. ; H-83-38-018 H-83-38-019 H-83-38-020 3-83-38-021 Directly aboive the entrance to the heatsetter. Samples were 15" above and either side of the conveyor. On the mechihe (not running) adjacent to the one running P10S. Samples were!opposite the exit of the heatsetter. Pumes from machine running P185 were wafting!in the direction of!the samples, which were 4 1/2" from the floor. sample time (min.) 11*613 154 151 147 147 Non-detectable 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.4 1.4 HL 2 9 -8 4 7Company Sanitized. Does not contain TSCA CBF TABLE 4 I N D PARTICULATE SAMPLING AT UENTROP WERK - LOCATION AND TYPES OP SAMPLES Location of Samples Sampling was done at BCP Spinning Machines 31 a 32. w a s be n s ^ i j lifted with yarn ran vertically to miu nine ^2 a throuflPBfi^o^f^tg^Rr^The position 01, chen horizontally <1-5h2a cm to-m-a-c-h-i-n-e I31 Tposit!ion 10,' ^**h*O**n* vyerctixcalixly s4o6 cm adown t<o 2 S m d?if1S i S Un\ was fdtmed as the yarn passed 2as%fihnm9Side fh* Sj-atra impactor preselector otlface Tf L s r - #nd t0 tf** right of the 31-10 guide. pjartleuiates ware in a zone which was the "guidetel^ 24 Cm 15 c#l t0 the riht, and 18 cm behind Sample Number H-33-38-022 H-83-38-023 H-83-38-024 H-83-38-025 H-83-38-026 H-83-38-027 H-83-38-028 H-83-38-029 H-83-38-030 H-83-38-031 Type Sample Respirarle particulate with bdx 99. Total p}articulate - filter cassette. T m a x tube, ( m l - Tpnax tube. Respirable fractions - Sierra impactor. Blank T m a x tube, T^nax tube, 4-nax tube. Total particulates ~ filter cassette. >le particulates With BDX 99. HL 29-84 - 8- gami!bi*eeda. Coes hot contain TSCA c I TABLE 5 L B r ND WVRTICublTi SAMPLING AT UENTROP WERK J ^JsjLTj 6 f Sample Number H-83-38-022 H-83-38-023 H-83-38-030 H-83-38-031 365 383 in Sample Number H-83-38-Q24 H-B3-38-25 H-83-38-027 8-83-38-028 H-83-38-029 H at 25. SS .91 Particulate -- TP Respirable Total Total Respirable (m ) H' - . Concentration X (mg/tt3) 0.9 0.9 Jon-detectable 115 0.8 1.0 e HL 2 9 -8 4 9 " Sanitized Does not contain TSCA CBl Company Sanitized. TABLE 6 SIERRA IMPACtTOR SAMPLING - TTENTROP tv.-Rir PARTICLE SIZE DETERMINATION ' ----------------- -- R ------j---- --- MR__ _ M.nio. f f - SampteNo. -026 1248 ' Stego Oia m s t c # 1 --- ----- -- \mn.) pS. (AM) IM. d ilri /iMt Procop. "-- 1 - -J ' 1 3.0 __ 2__ -- 1-- - *___ ---5 6.4 pm 3*0 fm 2.4 jam r- r r . ........ *f 1 -- ...... v - - 14.1 f t * 4 ' V3 . 8 V Somplt Vtoi.. 4243 % Cum. % ,1.4 pm 1>3 -- <Ut*w) -SSL .5 pm 3 um 10 .05 m n >4 2 1 Cumulative Mass Percent 8-22734 Mass median G.s.D. ** 3 diameter * 8 pm HL 2 9 -8 4 10 'Sanitized.Dies ffo!nonf' TC'"* Impactor Stage 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 109 Particle Diameter iMass. ag 6.4 3.8 2.4 1.4 0.8 0.5 0. ! 3.0 i 6.1 : 14*1 6.6 1 1.3 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.1 % Comparable dt feo BlX-99* Respirable. m ? 0 0 25 50 75 10Q 100 100 100 100 Total" 0.0 0.0 3.5 3.3 1.9 1.3 0.5 0.4 0.. l2 11.2 mg . I S p S S . " 1**" 2 l ^ o ^ T o o T n 6 t0tal .j .pier.) part ices than^oe^the l|Sx-99 whss & t T PaCtKr passes larger are shown in the table 3 ? h * * S ? ch^ t e r i s t i c l through the BDX-99 are considered h I ' L Pft les whlch pass This column estimates the pfeesiittase Jtr*e8?irable fracti. stage that would have p * | s * d ^ f 5 " plates on each respirable. The total olrticua J a I? 2?? tlus would hav been of the two total partieulatCsimpesfr!8 6alculated as an average HL 2 9 -8 4 II j Company Sanitized. Does not contain TSCA CBT - 11 - I TABLE 8 FLUORINE;ANALYSIS OF PARTICULATE -- m S T t o g w e r k Sample Number H-83-38-022 Respirable H-83-38-023 Total H-83-38-030 Total H-83-38-031 Respirable fi-65 Blank C56 Blank B Particulates Fluorine J&lght, mo might* mo a83 .22 15.22 2.70 - 8.61 1.51 .29 .07 1i .0016 .00{28 > m m ) ft p e r c e n t a g e h'eeiigghhtt,t mg of Total (B f 0,4) <C f A) .55 66 6.75 448 3.78 44 .18 62 th. total ,,analyses by Pc. Eti^kiasa. Jackson Laboratory, 11/1S/83, HL 2 9 -8 4 - 12 rpa'ny^anRizeC^sSW* ^ ainTseftm TABLE 9 FLUORINE ANALYSIS OF SXSRA IMPACTOR FRACTIONS UENTR6F WEi j*. B Sample Number Particulate 8-83-38-026 Weight# n Fluorine^ weight# ftg Percentage Total (C 4 A) f Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 Stage 5 Stage 6 Stage 7 Stage 8 Stage 9 Stage 10 3.2 8.1 14.1 6.6 2.6 1.3 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.1 .440 .9 9 0 1.479, .9 1 9 ..m404 .U O .108 .170 .075 1.123 35 2.498 41 3.698 26 2.298 35 1.010 40 .275 21 See footnote 2. See footnote 2. s e e footnote 2. See footnote 2. s e e footnote 2. See footnote 2. s e e footnote 2. See footnote 2. Blank Blank Blank .219 . .145 i i .. .149 1The average blank value Ofj 0.171 mg was subtracted from the fluorine wt. of the samples. j ! . ' 2Weight eiuorine in blanks w. s too large (0.171 mg) compared to total particulate weight to make! an accurate calculation of i ii .j5ii HL 29-84 i - 13 \eon^,nTSC/ SatvaBsa-oo"'