Document gbzK521LpemD99X4K70Xkm0jV

Report No. 425-681 Date May 21, 195 Title: PILOT MACHINE EVALUATION OF INDIVIDUAL FIBERS AND BLENDS OF TWO FIBERS Manufacturing ftriority Project PD-1 SUMMARY During the period of October 25, 1957 to March 31, 1958, pilot machine runs (6-in. 150 pipe) were made using each of the following fibers separately: 1. Munro 4Y 2. Rhodesian S 3. S Blue 4. 4T28 5. 6D20 6. KCBR3 Blue 7. Australian Blue 8. Norca Blue Depending on the ability to form pipe, the individual fibers (one-tine willowed) were run at furnishes between 10 per cent and 30 per cent. No scrap was added to the fibers. Other pilot machine runs were made with blends of two fibers; 40 per cent Blues and 60 per cent 4T28, 40 per cent S Blue and 60 per cent 6D20. It was determined that the relative strength and operating characteristics of the individual fibers can be successfully predicted by pilot machine operation. From a strength standpoint, 5 Blue and 4T28 are the best of the fibers tested for use in Transite pipe. Plant runs with combinations of S Blue and 4T28 fibers are recommended for verification of these results It is recommended that all fibers for possible use in Transite pipe be evaluated by pilot machine operation using the individual fibers separately or in comination with other evaluated fibers. Contents: Summary, Introduction, Discussion, Conclusions and Recommendations, and Appendices I and II. D. Nowlin Reported by: _______ C. t. am. 1 cc: C. F. Rassweiler, GHQ (S) C. F. Rassweiler, GHQ Attn: H. S. Allen (C) R. F. Orth, DHQ To be noted by: J. H. Goodwin G. R. R. 'Wahl, DHQ T. R. Turnbull, DHQ K. J. Whalen, DHQ A. J. Maahs, DHQ S. Collier, GHQ F. T. Petersen, DHQ J. W. Miles, Marrero J. L. Miller, Waukegan cc: A, Harris, Watson A. H. Schilling, Stockton W. L. VanDerbeek, Manville*^ J. E. Hesse, Denison R. S. Gardner, Toronto J. D. Lowery, Toronto G. D. Poole, Toronto E. R. Williams (246) J. A. McKinney G. Snolak J. Q, Trice File (2) Notebook Nos. 1428,pp 42-146; 1527,pp 61-92, 124-152; 1587,pp 37-49. FUe 425 JOHNS-MANVILLE RESEARCH CENTER Report No. 425-681 Page 1 INTRODUCTION The first of October 1957 a request vas given to the Research Pipe Department to evaluate a foreign asbestos fiber for use in pipe. The urgency of the request prompted a pilot machine run using the fiber alone without blending at 20, 25, and 30 per cent furnishes. The success of this evaluation led to similar pilot machine runs using the fibers presently used by the Pipe Division. Operation on the pilot machine was with Huyck needled bottom felt, Knox woven top felt, Roto-belt vacuum system, air lancing, single vat, standard 50-mesh screen mold, conventional 3-bladed agitators, and overflow system during mandrel change time. DISCUSSION Individual Fibers From October 25, 1957 until March 31, 1958 pilot machine mins were made (6-in. 150 pipe) using each of the following fibers separately: 1. Monro 4Y 2. Rhodesian S 3. S Blue 4. 4T28 5. &20 '6. KCBR3 Blue 7* Australian Blue 8. Norca Blue Depending on the fiber used, the per cent furnish varied in 5 per cent increments from 10 to 30 per cent. Each fiber was willowed once with the Research willow and without adding scrap to the fib^r. . From these pilot machine operations, the fibers above can be classified into three groups according to their operating characteristics. The first group consists of Munro 41, Rhodesian S, Norca Blue and KCBR3 Blue. These fibers are free filtering fibers. To form pipe with these fibers, a large amount of water was added to the top felt to prevent the pipe from opening up on the mandrel and breaking up in the presA section before the pipe was completely formed. The second group consists of S Blue and Australian Blue fibers. These fibers are also free filtering and by nature of their long strings of fiber tend to cling throughout the pipe machine system. It was necessary to operate with a large amount of water on the top felt, not to prevent opening of the pipe on the mandrel in the press section, but to make it possible to remove the mandrel from the formed pipe. (It should be noted that some external blisters were formed on the cured pipe.) The difficulty in pulling was increased as the percentage of fiber vas increased from 10 to 25 per cent. At 20 and 25 per cent furnishes, the white water conveying trough from the vat was not large enough to carry all the white water back to the system and consequently a large percentage of white water was lost to the sewer. JOHNS-MANVILLE RESEARCH CENTER -Report No. 425-681 Page 2 DISCUSSION (cont'd) Individual Fibers (cont'd) White water samples were taken during the run of KCBR3, Australian Blue, Norca Blue, and 4T28 fibers. It was found that more solids were lost to the white watei when using a 10 per cent furnish than when using a 25 per cent fiber furnish. Laboratory analysis of the solids in the white water showed that the percentages of cement, silica and fiber were about the same for all fibers. Appendix II , Table 3 shows probable composition of the white water discharge from the cylinder mold. The third group of fibers consists of 4T28 and 6B20. These fibers are slow filter ing and it was found necessary to operate with a felt roll in such a position as tc force about 2-ft of felt against the cylinder mold, thus removing some water from the sheet to allow for successful couching. The 4T28 fiber can be run at near normal pilot machine fora times for 6-in. 150 pipe (65-75 sec.) at 15 per cent fiber furnish. At 20 to 25 per. cent furnishes, fora times increase to 90-100 sec. Several attempts were made to decrease this fora time by increasing the consistency in the vat, 'but this only resulted in a 'clogged vat and a roll off from the cylindej mold. On November 20, 1957 a few pipe were made from 4p20 fiber with 30 per cent furnish, but the pipe failed to hold shape and tested very poorly. The pilot machine was operated using 20 per cent 6R20 furnish, but the pipe crumbeld apart before being completed in the press section. It was concluded that any future runs of 6D20 fiber be tried at 40 per cent fiber furnish. To date, pilot machine runs have been made to learn how to successfully use 4T28 fiber. As company policy has changed in the use of 61X20 fiber, no further runs with this fiber have been made. Figures 1, 2, and 3 of Appendix 1 show the relative strength results in hydro static, flexure, and normal crush from pipe made from the individual fibers at 10 to 30 per cent fibpr furnish. Table 1, Appendix H gives these same results in more detail. Ihese results indicate that for making pipe,which satisfactorily meet the hydrostatic, flexure, and crushing specifications, the S Blue, 4T28 and Munro 41 fibers should be considered in that order for makeup of pressure pipe fiber blends. Ifce Munro 41 fiber may contribute to questionable crush strength, but otherwise appears to be satisfactory. * From all results except flexure, the Australian Blue fiber appears to be a satis factory replacement for 5 Blue fiber. On the particular run of Australian Blue fiber, density samples taken at the point of break and at the end of the pipe re vealed a lower density at the point of failure than near the ends of the pipe. This indicates that some machine variable may have been affecting the formation of the pipe. Figures 8, 9, and 10 of Appendix I show hydrostatic, flexure and normal crush MR's respectively of three separate runs of 4T28 fibers. JOHNS-MANVILLE RESEARCH CENTER Report No. Page 425*^81 3 DISCUSSION (coni'd) Individual Fibers (cont'd) These runs were made to determine the reproducibility of the pilot machine results of an individual fiber. This 4T28 fiber, with the exception of 6D20, is considered the most difficult to run by itself. Special precautions to allow couching as mentioned above were required; the pipe opened very easily in the press section once air was blown, and the pipe remained soft for a longer time after formation than with the other individual fibers. The first successful run with 4T28, made December 19, 1957, was with felts which had been on the machine for approximately 90 operating hours. At the time of making the repeat runs on 4T28, a new set of felts approximately 10-hr old were used. Considerable difficulty was encountered with couching the fiber from the cylinder mold. Changes in vat consistency, felt speed, pressure on the couch roll arms, and position of the couch roll did not result in satisfactory couching. "The relatively new Huyck needled bottom felt was finally singed with a blow torch and satisfactory operation resulted* The results .in the 3 runs of 4X28 show the hydrostatic and crushing strengths to be within 10 per cent of the average. The flexural strength of the first run of 4T28 was considerably lower than on the repeat runs and the deviation from average " is on the order of 15 per cent. The repeat runs gave a hydrostatic and flexural strength improvement over the original run. A flat sheet fiber strength evaluation was made ty^he Research Fiber Section using portions of the same fibers or blends run on the pilot machine and a graph taken from Internal Report 411-Int--296 is shown in Figure 7 of Appendix I. The strength relationship for the flat sheets compares favorably with the strength data obtained from the pilot machine runs. Blends of Two Fibers From the results obtained in the individual fiber runs, the 4T28 fiber was combined with each of the Blues in the ratio of 40 per cent Blue and 60 per cent 4T28 in separate blends willowed once. In addition, a blend of 40 per cent S Blue and 60 per cent 6D20 was run on the pilot machine in 15, 20, and 25 per cent furnishes. The 40/60 blends with the exception of 40/60 KCBR3 Blue-4T28 and 40/60 S Blue6D20 were run on a set of felts approximately 90-hr old. This was done to try to keep*conditions for the individual fibers and blends as nearly equal as possible. The felts became inoperable and were changed before the 40/60 KCBR3 Blue-4T28 and _ 40/60 S Blue-6D20 blends were run. The 40 per cent KCBR3 Blue-60 per cent 4T28 fiber blend gave unusually high strengths. An investigation revealed that fiber from a different (1958) shipment had been used in the 40/60 blend than in the individual fiber (1957) furnish run. The 1957 ship ment of KCBR3 Blue used in the individual fiber run had a dull blue color; appeared to be dusty and dirty. The McNett, Quebec Shaker, and air analysis tests showed the fiber to be of much lower quality than the 1958 shipment. KCRR3 Blue fibers are quite variable in quality and unless the quality can be stabilized, it is not recommended that they be purchased. JOHNS-MANVILLE RESEARCH CENTER Report No. 425-681 Page 4 DISCUSSION (cont'd) Blends of Two Fibers (cont'd) At the 20 to 25 per cent fiber furnish with the 40/60 blends, vat operation was similar to vat operations vith straight 4T28 fiber (a tendency to overload), but the condition was not as critical as with 4T28 fiber. While none of the fibers individually would be considered (with the possible exception of Munro and Rhodesian) as satisfactory for production use, the 40/60 blends of Blues and 4T26 and 40 per cent S Blue-60 per cent 6D20 will run suf ficiently well to be considered an operable blend. The strengths of the 40 per cent Blues with 60 per cent 4T28 and 40 per cent S Blue and 60 per cent 6D20 compare favorably with the production blends now in use. The strength results can be seen in Table 2 of Appendix II , and Figures 4, 5, and 6 of Appendix I. - It can be seen that the results show a similar relation ship for "the strength of Blue fibers Ja fiber blends when compared vith the results of the individual Blue fiber runs. * Table 4, Appendix II shows a synthesized 1 for a 40 per cent S Blue-60 per cent 4T28 fiber blend. These values were taken from the curves for the individual fiber and compare with the values found on the cur%es for the 40/60 blends. The synthesized values are lower, with the exception of two crush MR's, than those taken from actual pilot machine runs. This would give a safety factory when pre dicting the strengths of a blend of fibers using the results obtained with the individual fibers on the pilot machine. In analyzing the data, tables of average unit strengths and the ratios of hydro to crush and hydro to flexure unit strengths were made up. For the individual fibers, these ratios do not consistently increase or decrease with changes in per cent furnish. The ratio of hydro to crushing MR for Australian Blue and Norca Blue is ranged from 0.43 to 0.47. For all the other individual fibers tested, this same ratio ranged from 0.50 to 0.62, averaging about 0.55* The ratio of hydro MR to flexure MR for a given individual fiber is relatively consistent, but very wide between fiber kinds. For S Blue and Australian Blue, the ratio averages over 1.1 while for Norca Elue the hydro to flexure MR ratio is only 0.50 to 0.55- Tables 5 and 6 of Appendix II show in detail the ratios of MR of hydro/flexure and hydro/crush for the individual fibers and their combinations in 15, 20 and 25 per cent furnished. Table 7, Appendix II, and Figures 11 and 12 of Appendix I show costs of the indi vidual fibers and blends now in use as well as the 40/60 Blue-4T28 and 40/60 S Blue-6D20 furnishes. From the strength results and these cost figures, the use of 17^ per cent to 20 per cent of a blend of 40 per cent S Blue-60 per cent 4T28 should result in a cost reduction over present practices on tube mandrel machine pipe. A further savings could be realized by the use of up to 25 per cent of a JOHNS-MANVILLE RESEARCH CENTER Report No. 425-681 Page 5 DISCUSSION (cont'd) Blends of Two Fibers (cont'd) blend containing 40 per cent S Blue-50 per cent 6D20. Use of either of these blends on an extended basis is dependent upon fiber availability and the results would have to be verified by plant production runs. All work to date has been limited to tube mandrel production and extension of these results to swing mandrel operation should be undertaken only on a limited basis until results indicate that they will produce satisfactory swing arm pipe# CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 1. The relative strength characteristics of asbestos fiber used in Transite pipe can be determined by pilot machine operation using the individual fibers separately# 2# The operating characteristics of the individual fibers end their effect on machine operation can be determined by pilot machine operation using the indi vidual fibers separately* 3* From a strength standpoint, S Blue and 4T28 are the best fibers to use in Transite pipe* 4* It is recommended that all fibers for possible use in Transite pipe be evalu ated by pilot machine operation using the individual fibers separately. 5- Plant trial 'runs using 17 per cent to 20 per cent of a blend of 40 per cent S Blue-60 per cent 4T28 and using 25 per cent of a blend of 40 per cent S Blue- 60 per.cent 6D20 are recommended. If successful, it is further recoimnended that steps toward obtaining sufficient S Blue and Danville grades 4 and 6 fiber for Transite pipe tube mandrel usage be undertaken. \ Report No. 425*^661 V Report No* 425-681 Report No, 425-681 Page XI' D_ 'JI3 -i" uf-r-ttr H' l"* T i:',Ii|| i*r* : I i--j i'v- ~rTv ITTTt t'fi"" 'V Tfi *i*3 i ; ! J : APPENDIX1 rnr'i i't'i-i- -jj j-.-i qq:.;3lxLa:Xj:rx .p.jlot machine-equation op .indiiviidiuxalq:Fjin3DEqa^i ^!n4n+:' ~ g4fS#t ixJtottftH AOTjBLnns :pFrm fflara.; F^i^+iTHT i-' -i-l-j h-hf- .(."liq-L'n'!' i rrr't r*rn' rtTir1iii 'Ti I i| 'T! V` 1rr. riiv. ;-1 JCCBE3* 40/60 rrr 4m^fr I I III I | I I ! 1 I ! j~ T~i Fi t :iT TTTT-r; it; II .CD. V.; ' 'I-'j':1 r rvvrrr \ APPENDIX I Report No* 425-681 Pago 12 PILOT MACHINE EVALUATION OF INDIVIDUAL FIBERS AND BLENDS OF TWO FTBERS Modulus o f Rupture (p e l) Per Cent Fiber Used Fig. 7 Flat sheet strength evaluation of individual fibers used for the pilot pipe machine runs of the individual fibers. . r: -p. [7OS2t>iT-frr - qxpx; . ---H*ee0+ Report No* 425-681 _ ___ Page____13 j : v ... . - i --|- U_ _ii. rr "'TT , ccv:.toru:pi:_ i T-< i >_i i ntn~"n- .-..r..r .i-piinpl.: on ..u.. < t i < >_!>__' .1 it . in TiTnvn . ajxixa:;:: M-f+fii-H J.T.L1.CO.!.J. irnyr!r '_Tr1-rr'trrrtritrtrnr; -rrrrjr'" :jI I;: n I--r11i--;m--5-1--il'-- ::jaft ` I I 4 . ! i.I .!U1 Ji JJJJ. J_--*. "t 1 ff t> r: n. Ir'!ir; I j-JJi -ffj-Hi --ri-' t--> -I-.-;-, rrrp7r|.;; r!*n0'n 1 ; *" r*m = *r - . "X:l r ,r j.j , r i ; i l I Sun of-12-19-57 r! 0+ ' ' '"O ill''! : j 1 i j i I , '--"'-1500- ! j.i jjji -I t-!.;JJXL T; -J- TJI. i 'jPey I'Cent' Fiber* Furnish t1"' j 1 j J . 4.:........ It. p,i! i j: .t , i n > - i fvrxO '.............................. ijqxigldX! A :cotap^ri3pn[ofj-.py^ro efreagtha f 5p;4^28!^berj vhen;-t2ae<3 Bake pr ii .Hi iit:-<!" .1X11 ti j pljperai'jdkff *tjentiperceniagerof'if jrulsh.1 rp' p*!l ! lip ;.i . : li Ra1 s ed i . \ i i 1 i ij i i . i j |i( . ii.t 1 bn 6rdnlll5Q;-nominal -diiiiaaalonlLfttLjspeoliflcatlohLloadBi .k Report No. 425-461 5333 44 P saa-a I 1 Sill 4 ,i32$2 u- i ,a3S5 i n ) ^1111 J325j' 53 ' '-nn^nn 4X .**`3 J # ** . II mg 533 mm ; - 35332 RIB SHI ar1 ' SHI;22;iir -SHI `i * i - '- v.^2 . * * : / 2t .t2_1 > ~3 "?. U3:; * *'**, *t.n4* -;.S:, -,m * *> . n% v t :, ' V/- .VV,.. v.f v2; w%.*TXA\*%* '.\. *4 ;$* -A/'?* #**!> m * SI!?.' ?!??? '2 2 2 5 :I i 1 1 . JS J. .2 3 ' A 23223 *!?!? ' Mill '*$*& *??? HM 1 1 III sags* S3g Hi! aaaait- . aaaa* 5121 aaasx mi asastt 3*33 *s? S33 Sil aaaa* at* *4* oo m aaa - * / :ia ,.U.-jaaaa t * t mmm aaaa* aaasa aaaa t *saaa aaaa* mmmm i aaa* aaaa i aaas* saa* aaa - . W `333h*4 i it i 233-; a 333 ~ 335 i in *sv ^ iiii a'3 Ill ajW V*. IIII till a 533 <* . j -'553- *523 - ` 533 a 553 ajw *353 . `3*-5 j*S22 3S3 *'ViJ *i-iii 1 v 4hi -: a 335 a 222 1 a3 a523 *355 ^1.53 "355 . - -*^a3s2a3- .**5: 33. *355 '533, -- a-- v`%. :.VX'*,/i*x. j^* \ A * *'* ' *.> : sVi i. v^i . t in * 1. u m or nun mennt w ri, re m in m u , us n n mjuuj or m m r t * rv x rw ib it im u -U . J0 MU* Mm Uw Hp> ill " 1 "sr~**T%gi`t ; ns?S| 1ni 1S5 f 2 SSI | a in i aim 'MSI - MSS Mil MIS ill tm im = ?3l Mil 1 Ml 1 oIII * Hi a III a HI a SIS ; **a||| si *S -* lit amt atm a 113 MSS sis 1 III i itr 53a a HI = 533 * SSI 1 ill imA all a |*2 Mss 'MSS MSI i aay 3*88 -HS ii a t m SI 1 III , **a|g i **158 ti SIS aim f> ( III MSS MS! -IS5 tm tin alii #**> a S3* Mil im 1 III IIS ali = S?3 alls im im 111 MSS MS? i. m I til SIS all! a|?S a SII l III ail? a 111 a ill = HI liar i i | iii 4 * i liar 4 4 1 iar J i i& *. III Ifl 3 $ i*2 4h1 L1} fill jii 35* \ i m lili_ till MH alii- MIS a Hi MSS a ill a Hi a Its US IIS a HI ,,- aas2x* 1 III MM =111 * 555* a 211 Mil =!l = 111 tm i 111 im a HI a 111 a Ii? im a See MSI a |H a in 1 ill = lsS HI a 23 = SIS i m Mil - ill ill a HI Ml! sI33 a?lS i m MM im a HI a 511 a HI a Sfi5 1 III a HI MSS a?iS MIS lilt a HI 111 alii Mil ii 11 MM = 5=1 ,, 328*=r = HI Mil a?IS a III tin MM im a Hi a Sal a HI koa a SEE fair 1 im all! Hi a Hi MH jiir i 4 i}i 8*3 ?is ij!j 5lr= s:i ^ 111] in |issJ!:1 im a ass a 81a aSSS am mm MM a|a3 Hi = HI a Hi all? 4 111 MM jiit 1 4 \iii i * < 44 I? as 8 iii t 13 ii. 3* il li W' ill Hi att na3 i 1 9 43* SI 833 j 9 III aim 333 333 111 111 333 338 338 833 333 333 S38 388 1 1 1 833 338 833 1 1 1 1 1 1 883 333 111 111 111 1 1 388 =38 88= =35 =83 333 8=8 3=8 888 833 =38 3SS 388 338 1 1t 1 1I sar' iar is; iir tit tit iar iar tit - 1 I33S 18S8S asaat 2233 1 MMMM a1 ===2 1 ==a saa 3aa 44 $ c ts IS s Hi 5 IS {Hi ?iil ... mu '-85* sssa* .MOO 1 =S3` saaa 1 " SS ... 11 m 13333 *&** 83=3 1 *i=i* 88881 ??? 833 8* m i m i 1 1383 38=3 1 3KK8 I 8SS1 a=ss i 3| = 133?3 cISt 2=8=8 2=8=8 2=438 2=2 = 8 2=8=8 o 2=8=8 =3= 28 = l j ss a rxt. i inn i;si* i| :*S 1 av8 P*1 $. 1,8 i-5 1 k y | 8yv*^53. IS m i. 'ti l' '-.v '(i r * fisu or rues mb* mu, km unit, m tot mous or in-uet m m uh non !. iso nut Mam n* niQ) M0B9 MTI OS M> MM I 1 / .& > .4 ,1 i v * n w m n> at 11 8 1 - is u u -- use sow m* - MM 0*0 SIM -- cam iMo ocs enanai"1 .... iMjBLai*.-. u u jb. a a ---- mMe tuUn U.1UW ---- -- two ms* ms -- -- ms SJM mam -- 38 u a a a M U u-- SStS SMS MAN -- IMS -- ssss ssas sm -- at a a a a. u- * USA1*0 - * USA USA 11BA -- at a a a a _Mu u-- -* 1A> - uUu-- -- -- ssoo rm ms ms OSS cao -- -- - UM cm MOO -- -- u u IS -- -- SUB ms ssss -- -- -- S1SS saoo SITS SOM nos -- SSM - - u U u-- -- ills SSM ssss -- -- -- SMS sns MM ssts ssss -- STM -- -- u u u-- ~ U2J UJs* uo.j USA 10C.T -- - ~ U4.) IMA -- -- IS U U -- -- l.M IAS l.M -- - IAS IAS IAS -- - SAB LAS LAS -- U TU-- un sns km -- ---- mti ms ssco mm on -- -- SMS SIM l = tin sus som - -- nto SMO U - IS u _ AM SSM cm CBM m> INS COTS sus sas SSSS * M_ u IS u ms HJB SOM lo.tto MM SSSS tm SSM _ sns one ssss M M to SSM STN SUB AM mo CUB ISM MSB sue crN -- ts SB IS SiSS tsso SMB MM sus sus rm -- SBM sns ICO U-- -- m cm tt.sos. -- SQM was SOBS -- ms sms sus -- u-- xu.s usa iesj iua usa ioba us ma ioca -- u tu 1AJ 1.91 LAT i,u at as IAS .SS IAS -- IS IS u _ tm SSSS sno AM SCBO m SIM * TITS s- 0100 MM am m> u is . u USA 1BS.0 UP* Ul.S IMA VBA 1U.S iota xos.s -IAuAASOs lI.At.J4sSB0 1IAU.AWS S IS . IW . H TO ts sno mo sno __ MM SUB ST nee SMB sow TTSB -- IS U 1* UJ.T USA 1U.0 -- us.s ui.s im.s UlA USA LU.J II U U IAS l.M LH -- us (S.S* OAT 0.M _ -mi 1A Ul Uk -- /' Cirpmm* tu* attaint ItllJ ' -M* mm sue .* ._ *.7*5 .} Mt WOT *** vsiisk wtass *aas -- ---- -- mm #. mm *40 JL .WL jau -ft*. *4 w M U. U . *.7 M u tmt i ' *4 1.7 U Mt . M U ue we m Wl J* M) -i_ 4M M 4W aw "J3B a .34 Ut we a a* M 7W aw 7W 04 .n 7.5 .m W M -aae Ml aw Ml M W 4W 4M ttO .a IJ -MB Ml Ml U 'Ml .aw n tt 7.7 we see wo 7.0 to M wee H4 **> M tir.flnu am. aa cat ft aw _ _ ** - ww M tea. MMa *4 MW M 5 alfc* ISBaa iw M. UM *4 4 M 5*4. 1MB m IS aU. UM Me lWSaa m% % .* M, 10 ala. 14 Wa \V JOHNS-MANVILLE RESEARCH CENTER Report No. rage 425-681 20 APPENDIX II PILOT MACHINE EVALUATION OF INDIVIDUAL FIBERS AND BLENDS OF TWO FIBERS TABLE 3. PROBABLE COMPOSITION CF WHITE WATER SAMPLES FROM PILOT PIPE MACHINE CYLINDER MOLD DISCHARGE DURING OPERATION WITH INDI VIDUAL FIBERS PRODUCING 6-IN. 150 PIPE Data taken from Internal Report 425-Int-585> February 5 1958 Original Fiber Furnish 15 15 20 20 Fiber Furnish KCB Blue n n Probable Composition of White Water % Portland % % Cement Fiber Silex 56 4 40 55 5 40 55 6 39 54 6 40 Remarks Start of Operation Bid of Operation Start of Operation End of Operation 10 Austral- 58 _ 5 37 15 ian Blue 57 8 - 35 20 m 57 10 33 25 n 56 1V3 31 - - 10 Korea 56 --3 -41 15 Blue ~5C` 4 39- Start of Operation 15 -n 57-- - 4` ^ -- End of Operation 20 . a 56 -' .-5 -- 40 - 25 ti ___ ------- 55 ' 7 _ 38 ' Start of Operation 25 ft __ " -55 7 - 38 End of Operation Ibte 11-26-57 11-26-57 11-26-57 11-26-57 12-3-57 12-3-57 12-3-57 12-3-57 12-9-57 12-9-57 12-9-57 12-9-57 12-0-57 12-9-57 15 15 20 20 * 25 25 30 30 "'.4T28 tt n it - "5T_ ' --55 _ "55-- 55 _54 . 53 ' 52 51 ' "6 ' " 39-V--- 5 7-- 40 __ ' 38_ 7 -38-- 9 --- 37. 9- - 38 - 9 39 10... 39 Start of Operation Bid of Operation Start of Operation End of Operation Start of Operation Bid of Operation Start of Operation End of Operation 12-10-57 12-19-57 12-10-57 12-10-57 12-19-57 12-10-57 12-19-57 12-10-57 JOHNS-MANVILLE RESEARCH CENTER Report No. 425-681 P.ge 21 APPENDIX II PILOT MACHINE EVALUATION OF INDIVIDUAL FIBERS AND BLENDS OF TWO FIBERS TABLE 4. SYNTHESIZED >RS FOR HIIRO, FLEXURE, AND CRUSH FOR 40/60 S BLUE AND 4T28 FIBERS US INS DATA TAKEN FROM CURVES OF INDIVIDUAL FIBER MR'S. 6-in. 150 Pilot Machine Pipe Hydro 10% S x 4400 = 1765 60$ 4T x 3580 * 2150 . Actual from curve 3915 4220 15$ Furnieh Flexure 40$ S x 3760 = 1506 60$ 4T x 4070 a 2442 Actual from curve 3948 4120 Crush (Norm.^ 40$ S x 8070 = 3228 60$ 4T x 6950 = 4175" Actual from curve 7403 7l60. 40$ Sx 4870 -1948 60$ 4T x 3845 = 2307 Actual from curve 4255 4230 ^0$ Furnieh 40$ S x 4380 * 1752 60$ 4T x 4150 2490 Actual from curve *4242 4550 40$ S x 9050 = 3620 60$ 4T x 7610 = 4566 Actual from curve 8186 7400 40$ .rx 5235 * 2094 60$ AT x 4210 = 226 . 4620 Actual from curve 5100 25$ Furnieh 40$ S x 5470 = 2188 60$ 41 x 4500 a 2700 Actual from curve 4888 5070 40$ S x 9530 = 3812 60$ 4T x 8050 = 4830 Actual from curve 8642 9250 JOHNS-MANVUXE RESEARCH CENTER Report No. 425*481 P*ge 22 APPENDIX H PILOT MACHINE EVALUATION OF INDIVIDUAL FIBERS AND BLENDS OF TWO FIBERS TABLE 5. TABLE OF AVERAGE MI'S: HTERO-FLEXURE MR RATIOS, HIERO-CRUSH Ml RATIOS FOR THE INDIVIDUAL FIBERS, FOR 6-IN. 150 PILOT MACHINE FIFE Blend Mvmro 11-27-57 % Furnish 20 25 30 Rhodesian 11-5-57 4T28 12-19-56 20 25 30 15 20 25 S Bine ' 11-7-57 15 20 25 Australian Bine 12-3-57 -- 15 20 25 Norca--,-. Rise 12-9-57 KCER3 Blue 11-26-57 4T28 3-29-58 4T28 3-31-58 15 . 20 25 15 20 25 15 20 25 15 20 25 Hydro Ml 3370 3840 3850 2950 2760 2970 3580 3845 421C* Flex J_ 4380 4670 4420 4650 4460 4800 -4070 4150 4500 4400 4870 5235 3710 4090 4320 ' 3760 4380 5419 3255 3420 3900 1550 1710 2200 2205 2275 2700 3585 3980 4265 3735 4145 4465 3045 3350 4030 3325 3540 3800 5110 5350 6005 4930 5345 5925 -Crush MR 5490 6510 6670 4720 4900 5230 6950 7610 8050 *% Rvdro Ml Hydro MR Flex MR Crush MR 76.9 82.2 87.7 61.4 59.0 57.7 63*4 61.9 61.9 62.5 56.3 56.8 68.0 92.7 93*5 51.5 50.5 52.3 8070 9050 9530 117.0 111.2 95*8 54.5 53.8 . 54.9 6450 9280 9400 113*9 119.6 110.8 43.9 44.0 46.0 3500 4000 4720 4070 4495 5050 6445 6610 6890 6975 7330 7960 50.9 51.0 54*6 66.3 64.2 71.1 70.0 74.5 71.2 75.7 77.8 75.5 44.3 . 42.7 46.6 54.2 50.6 53.4 55.5 60.3 62.2 53*5 56.5 56.3 JOHNS-MANVILLE RESEARCH CENTER \ Report No. 425^81 23 APPENDIX II PILOT MACHINE EVALUATION OF INDIVIDUAL FIBERS AND BLENDS OF TWO FIBERS TABLE 6. TABLE CF AVERAGE MI'S: HTIRO-FLEXURE MR RATIOS, HYIRO-CRUSH Ml RATIOS FOR 40$BLUES-6C$ 4T28 BLENDS, AND 40$S BLU-60$ 6D20 BLEND FOR 6-IN. 150 PILOT MACHINE PIPE. Blend 40$ Norca 60$ 4T28 2-19-58 $ Furnish 15 20 25 .40$ S Blue 60$ 4T28 2-20-58 15 20 25 40$ Aus. Bliw> 15 60$ 4T28 20 2-25-58 25 40$ XCSR3 60$ 4T28 4-8-58 15 20 25 40$ S Blue 60$ 6U20 5-2-58 15 20 25 Hydro MR 3590 3645 3450 4220 4230 5100 4170 3990 4045 5030 5750 5960 4210 4340 4750 Flex JSL 4140 4280 4475 Crush --MS^ 6000 7050 7950 $$ Hvdro Ml fivrfro MR Flex MR Crush Ml 86.7 85.1 77.1 59.8 51.7 43.4 4120 4350 5070 7160 7400 9250 102.4 97.2 100.6 58.9 57.1 55-1 4120 4220 4530 * 4020 4690 4840 6920 7370 9370 8040 9375 10155 101.2 94.5 89.3 125.0 123.0 123.6 60.2 54.1 43-1 62.5 61.3 58.7 4160 4240 4570 6060 6925 8240 101 102 104 69.5 62.6 57.7 * JQHXS-MANVn.LF, RESEARCH CENTER Report No. 425-681 Pge 24 APPENDIX II PILOT MACHINE EVALUATION OF INDIVIDUAL FIBERS AND BLENDS OF TWO FIBERS TABLE 7. COST COMPARISON DATA FOR M-550, K-551, 40 PIR CENT S BLUE-60 FIR CENT 4T28, and 40 PER CENT S BLUE-60 PIR CENT 61320 FIBER BLINDS. Composition: Blue 4 4247.00/ton 4X28 4 $189.50/ton Munro 47 4 $196.40/ton Rhodesian 4 $171.60/ton 6JP20 4 $95-55/ton Blend M550 Blend M551 39$ 16 21 8 .16 100$ 41$ 20 24 5 10 "100$ 40$ S Blue 60$ 4T28 40$ 60_ .. _ 1C0% Cost per ton of virgin fiber $196.96 $204.96 $213.02 20$ scrap a(Med 4 $11.40/ton $ 2.28 $ 2.28 $ 2.28 Cost per ton of blend $166.03 $172.70 $179.42 Cost per totrof furnish Cement 4 $21.l6/ton Silica 4 $9.32/ton Combine* 0.6A $l6.72/ton 15$ Nominal 20$.Nominal 25$ Nominal $ 42.80 51.18 59.37 $ 43.97 52.72 61.28 $ 45.14 54.27 63.20 40$ S Blue 60$ 6D20 40$ -- _ _ 60 10C$ $156.13 $ 2.28 $132.01 $ 36.84 43.63 50.40