14.:_... Opteonm
Enabling Next Generation Data Centers with TwoPhase Immersion Cooling
Document 77 - Attachment 1
Sierra Club v. Dept of Energy, 4:25-cv-5027
SC_EVERSPLIT0021484
Chemours at a Glance
Founded
2015
Sales
$6.0 Billion in 2023
Employees
6,200 (-5,000 in manufacturing)
HQs
Delaware
NYSE
CC
4 Opteon
Sierra Club v. Dept of Energy, 4:25-cv-5027
Chemours
SC_EVERSPLIT0021485
Chemours Global Reach
58Global
locations
3 6 Opteon
6.2K
Employees worldwide
Sierra Club v. Dept of Energy, 4:25-cv-5027
Countries where we serve
customers
C Chemours
SC_EVERSPLIT0021486
Our Businesses
THERMAL & SPECIALIZED SOLUTIONS
TITANIUM TECHNOLOGIES
ADVANCED PERFORMANCE MATERIALS
4 4 Opteon
Sierra Club v. Dept of Energy, 4:25-cv-5027
C Chemours
SC_EVERSPLIT0021487
Thermal and Specialized Solutions Target Applications
Data Center and Power Electronics Thermal Management
Propellants
Residential, Commercial, and Industrial NC &
Heat Pumps
Medical Devices
Freon-
Opteon-
Opteon-
Residential, Commercial, and
Industrial Refrigeration
Solvents, Carrier & Heat Transfer Fluids
Foam Blowing Agents
Sierra Club v. Dept of Energy, 4:25-cv-5027
Mobile Air Conditioning
C Chemours
SC_EVERSPLIT0021488
Thermal & Specialized Solutions
A Legacy of Innovation
90 Years of Innovation in Thermal Management
TECHNOLOGY TIMELINE
GWP Gbsi
Pze.n.
1900s
Y:Nf,--
Industrial Gases
ZODPM1ow GWP
1920s
otCFCs
HIp, ODP:t110 GWP
1930s
1980s
Today
:ecHCFCs
lav ODP,1101 OWP
HFCs
Zno OCIP44gh GWP
Freon-
HFOs
t o Opteon- Zoto 00PNory Law GWP
HFO adoption cadence
EU Mobile Air Conditioning
US Mobile Air Conditioning
4
EU Stationary Refrigeration
4
US Stationary Refrigeration
Your Partner for Today and Tomorrow
Engineering Support
Global Availability
Collaborative Solution
Development
Regulatory & Technology
Insights
Product Quality
Material Combability and
Qualification
6 it Opteon-
Training
Technical Support
Continuous improvement and innovation
Leadership with New Fluid Technologies
Category leadership in next-generation technology Co-developed HFO technology Advantaged process technology at Corpus Christi facility Robust international patent portfolio; no single patent will
significantly affect our market position
Experience bringing new HFO fluids to market
TM
Opteon YF for air conditioning (2012), GWP < 1 (AR5)
TM
Opteon MZ for foams, chillers (2018), GWP = 2 (AR5)
TM
Opteon ME for foams, other apps (2021), GWP = 7 (AR5)
TM
Opteon 2P50 for 2P Immersion (2023), GWP= 10 (AR6)
Chemours-
Sierra Club v. Dept of Energy, 4:25-cv-5027
SC_EVERSPLIT0021489
Chemours Discovery Hub Innovation Center
New 312,000 sq ft R&D facility hosting 180+ labs including joint development programs with the academic, private, and government sectors
Located adjacent to the campus of University of Delaware for excellent industry/academic partnerships
Integrated for Chemistry and Materials expertise
Watch 'Welcome to The Chemours Discovery Hub' l Microsoft Stream
Opteon-
Sierra Club v. Dept of Energy, 4:25-cv-5027
C Chemours.
SC_EVERSPLIT0021490
Chemours DOE Examples of Ongoing Collaborations
Data Centers Cooling:
- CRADA with ORNL: Ultra-Low GWP Refrigerants to Reduce Carbon Footprint in Data Centers - Supply ARPA-E CoolerChips projects with fluids for evaluation in Data Centers cooling
Intel (Purdue and ACT): Enabling Two-Phase Immersion Cooling to Support High TDP UTA (UMD and IIT): Holistic Co-Design of Novel Hybrid Cooling Technology for the Data Center of the Future
Air Conditioning and Heat Pumps:
- Sub in DE-FOA-0002804 Ultra-high Temperature Cascade Industrial Heat Pump For Waste Heat Recovery
-- Supply fluid to DE-FOA-0002804: Holistic Optimization of a High Temperature Heat Pump System with Internally Cooled Screw Compressors
Fuel Cells and Water Electrolysis
-- Prim in DE-FOA-0002922: "Durable, High-Performance Membranes for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis" - Development of next generation water electrolyzer membranes
- Sub in DE-FOA-0002922: "H2CIRC: Circular Recycling for the Hydrogen Economy" Development and pilot demonstration of recycling technologies for fluoropolymers and platinum group metals in the hydrogen economy
0pteon-
Chemours-
Sierra Club v. Dept of Energy, 4:25-cv-5027
SC_EVERSPLIT0021491
Data Center Challenges
Sierra Club v. Dept of Energy, 4:25-cv-5027
SC_EVERSPLIT0021492
Solving the Data Center Energy & Water Crisis
Liquid cooling represents one of the most significant technological advancements for the cooling of electronics to date
o / - I-
Data Center Challenges
By 2026, traditional air-cooled systems will no longer be able to meet the cooling needs of most next-generation high-performance computing chips
IMF
IIIIIIIIJV
AMOY
Contribution to global energy consumption is expected to increase from 1% to 3%-4% by
2030
1E'
Energy efficiency improvements will reduce from 16% /yr. to
2% /yr. with commercial technologies
Data Centers consume billions of gallons of fresh water per year specifically for IT cooling
Next generation computing
technologies cannot be cooled by traditional AC systems
Global land usage for data centers is
expected to increase from 43MM2' to 64MM2' by 2030
10
Opteon
Sierra Club v. Dept of Energy, 4:25-cv-5027
Chemours
SC_EVERSPLIT0021493
What Is Two-Phase Immersion Cooling
Opteon-
Sierra Club v. Dept of Energy, 4:25-cv-5027
, Chernours
SC_EVERSPLIT0021494
Two-Phase Immersion Cooling (2-PIC) in Data Centers
How 2-PIC works
C
Electronic equipment is placed inside a sealed tank files with Opteon TM dielectric fluid
The heat from the electronic equipment causes the fluid (thanks to its deal boiling point) to boil
Vapor rises and condenses back to a liquid when it makes contact with the condenser coils
The fluid returns to the pool
Advancing next-generation computing speeds
Competing cooling technologies simply lack the necessary heattransfer capabilities required to enable high-powered computing and ever-faster processing speeds
Opteon
Check out our explainer video
Sierra Club v. Dept of Energy, 4:25-cv-5027
t Chemours.
SC_EVERSPLIT0021495
Opteon TM 2P50 Overview
Sierra Club v. Dept of Energy, 4:25-cv-5027
SC_EVERSPLIT0021496
Opteon TM 2P50 Applications
Two-Phase Immersion Cooling for Data Centers:
.00
Two-Phase Direct to Chip Cooling
Power Electronics Immersion
Cooling
Opteon-
II
Battery Cooling
.......
aelkk.o..t.w...e..lw ...e..e...
s
tees ne....
k e rr e \Ft
Heat Transfer Fluid for High Temperature
Process Cooling
Sierra Club v. Dept of Energy, 4:25-cv-5027
t Chemours.
SC_EVERSPLIT0021497
Data Center Cooling Architecture Score Card
Power per Rack Limit
High-power Chips
Energy Efficiency
Total Cost of Ownership
Ease Maintenance
Fire Hazard
Regulations
Weight
Air Cooled (FreonTM R410A. OpteonTM R-454B)
Up to 20 kW
Single Phase Direct-to-chip (Water/Glycol)
Two Phase Direct to Chip (OpteonTM SF33)
Single Phase Immersion (Hydracarbons)
Two Phase Immersion (OpteonTM 2P50)
50-125 kW
Up to 175 kW
Up to 110 kW I=r
Best
Better El Poor
11.`
Ai
117EI
F -111
Chemours currently has products being utilized in 3 of 5 of the architectures being used today or considered for tomorrow While all next generation architectures share a common value proposition for reducing energy, water, and space; limitations are
present with longevity and the maximum thermal Design Power (TDP) that can be achieved Two-phase immersion cooling represents the best opportunity to have a lower cost architecture with greater value and capability
than alternative architectures
15
Opteon
C Chemours-
Sierra Club v. Dept of Energy, 4:25-cv-5027
SC_EVERSPLIT0021498
2 Phase Immersion Cooling Advantages
Two Phase Immersion Cooling when compared to air cooling in data centers can generate up to'
40%
Lower Energy Consumption per MW
1 :11-
Near Zero
Water consumption vs. 8.23 MGaI per year
60%
Reduction in Data Centers footprint
Opteon- https://liquidstack.com/content/uploads/2022/05/2022-Case-Study.pdf
Sierra Club v. Dept of Energy, 4:25-cv-5027
35%
Lower Construction Cost ($/MW)
t Chemours-
SC_EVERSPLIT0021499
Critical Minerals at Chemours
Li Be
Mg
Sc
V Cr Mn
Co Ni
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb
Ru Rh Pd
Cs
La Hf Ta
Os Ir Pt
Al
P
Zn Ga Ge As
He F CI Ar
Kr
Non-critical elements USGS Critical Minerals
Sat
1 2 3
In Sn Sb Te
Xe
Not considered
Bi r
Rn
F- 1
Ce Pr Nd Pm] Smi
Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
LI
Uranium is Contained within Chemours' 1 Monazite which is utilized by Energy Fuels 3
Chemours
It
COURAGEOUS CHEMISTRY
Sierra Club v. Dept of Energy, 4:25-cv-5027
SC_EVERSPLIT0021500