Document gDj7E6eyomadM9JNnB7RYpXza
Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA
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August 2 Meeting Agenda
'*#
a
* Review DQOs and overall objectives
* DQOs Where do we have alignment
SMA Delineation and Allocation Support Other Technical Discussions
* Downtown Reach and Sediment Traps * Surface Water and Analytes
Redline edits to the draft AOC and Statement of Work
Alignment and Next steps
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Meetings
June July Aug
Statement of Work
Work Plan
SAP/QAPP
Field Work
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2017 Schedule
Sept
Oct
Nov
Dec
Bathymetry Surface Water
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Data Quality Objectives:
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oe m utants
DQO Alignment
Task Site-wide Bathymetry
SMA Footprint
Pre-RD Group DQOs
_____________
Site-wide and Segment-wide
Trends
Upstream Background Conditions i3i
Inform Future
ICs
EPA Conceptual Sampling for Baseline and
SMAs
X
Surface Sediment Sampling
X
X (1.2)
X
X
Fish Tissue Sampling (SMB)
X
Surface Water Sampling
X
Subsurface Sediment Coring
X
X
X
X
X
X
Fish Acoustic Tracking Study
X
Camera Survey of Anglers
X
Porewater Sampling Upstream
X
Notes: (1) Evaluate trends by comparing the 2018 dataset to the 2004 dataset and other relevant datasets from the last 10 to 20 years. (2) We could adapt the 200 site-wide samples to meet EPA plan - unbiased, stratified random design per 8 segments. (3) Upstream and Downtown Reach (combined) represent what is coming into the site and what is achievable [new bullet],
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C O S S llltM ItS
Site-wide Bathymetry Surface Sediment Sampling
Pre-RD Group Plan
l l l l l l l l l l l BMl l l l
x
PU!
EPA Plan
x
Fish Tissue Sampling (SMB)
X
X
Anadromous and Migratory Fish and Other Biota Tissue
X
Surface Water Sampling
X
X
Subsurface Sediment Coring
X
X
Fish Acoustic Tracking Study
Camera Survey of Anglers Porewater Sampling Upstream
Downtown Reach
X
x
Sediment Traps
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Where Do We Have Alignment
pie font = additional topics for discussion today
Description
Site-wide coverage
Adjust to unbiased robust sampling program for 8 segments plus SMA sampling at 300 ft spacing for allocation, focused COCs
SMB tissue sampling for focused COCs for trend analysis; whole body and calculate fillet; discuss Downtown Reach
Not proposed
8 transects. 3 events, 3 samples per transect, for trend analysis, focused COCs, use passive samplers, discuss DLs/anaivies 90 SMA cores to fill data gaps needed for allocation, 2 ft increments, focused COCs, TOC, grain size See memo, results will inform tissue data analysis and use of SMB to monitor remedy effectiveness See memo; results could be useful for development of ICs
8 stations, metals, help determine PVV background for COC metals
Move some samples into Downtown Reach In fine-grained areas, focused COCs
Consider 2 traps at upstream transects RM 11 S and RM 18, 3 events, focused COCs, line of evidence for COC migration into
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Surface Sediment Plan
Progress and Potential Alignment
580 samples total
320 unbiased (randomly placed) samples 40 unbiased samples/segment (8 segments)
Same SMA sample density as original plan Note: The 80 unbiased samples located in the SMAs also serve SMA delineation data needs
Sample Plan
484 Plan
Revised Plan
Samples used for SMA
Unbiased sam oles
Delineation
Additional
Total
sam p les
Total Samples
Unbiased
added to
in SM As
Total Samples
Sam p les
SM As to
(SMA samples (Total
Unbiased
Unbiased
(inside +
increase
+ Unbiased Unbiased +
sam ples in sam ples
outside
sam p lin g
sam ples in Additional
SMAs
outside SMAs SMAs)
density
SMAs)
SMA samples)
so
ISO
200
284
334
484
80
240
320
260
340
580
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Overview of Revised Plan Approach
Recommendation Maintain original SMA sampling approach Add 120 unbiased samples to the original 484 plan
Features Mid-way effort between 484 and ERA plan Improves power for Pre-RD data objectives Addresses ERA data objectives to reasonable degree
SMA Only
484 Plan | Revised Plan | EPA Plan (Figure 2, June
Sample Plan
6 Plan)
Q, E&
Vi
SMA Only
484 Plan | Revised Plan | EPA Plan
=; (Figure 2, June
Sample Plan
6 Plan)
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` Sample plan, sizes, and costs in these slides for the Site (River Mile 1.9 to River Mile 11.8).
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Revised/Proposed Plan: Changes
Split 4 segments to 8 segments, split down the middle of river
Rolling river miles not necessary for recovery trends over time
Segments may get optimized in the future with composite sampling
Add 120 unbiased samples to improve power in 8 segments
Re-occupy 2004 locations (~100 locations)
Enable comparisons to 2004
Stratification of unbiased samples: higher sample numbers in shoals relative to navigational channel
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Revised/Proposed Plan: Evaluation
Evaluated the plan's ability to address Data Quality Objectives (next slide)
Evaluation for each of the 8 segments* using power analysis/Monte Carlo simulations similar to that used by EPA (Appendix A of June 6 sampling plan)
See supporting slides
` Compromise plan is also sufficiently robust to analyze Swan Island Lagoon as a subset of Segment 2E.
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Data Quality Objectives
Data Quality O b je ctiv e s Delineate SM As
Recovery Trends
Approach
Pre-RD Group
EPA
Resolution
Revised Plan
P re -R D in v e s tig a tio n (th is e ffo rt), th e n m o re d e ta ile d s a m p lin g b a se d o n in itia l re s u lts ; E x p e c te d p r e c is io n o f + / - ~ 3 0 % in S M A s
F u ll-h ig h re s o lu tio n d e lin e a tio n K e e p to P re -R D c h a ra c te riz a tio n a n d n o te h ig h -r e s o lu tio n w ill lik e ly fo llo w
7 P la n w ill e v e n tu a lly s a tis fy b o th a p p ro a c h e s
C o m p a re 2004 d ata to 2018 d ata; C o m p a re 2 0 1 8 d ata to fu tu re
L o o k in g fo r la rg e d iffe r e n c e s
d a ta , c o m p a re fu tu re tim e
(~40% ) o v e r 1 4 -y e a r p e rio d
p o in ts ; L o o k in g fo r la rg e
d iffe re n c e s (~ 4 0 % ) o v e r 1 0 -
y e a r p e rio d
U se u n b ia s e d d a ta a p p ro a c h
fo r 8 s e g m e n ts , b u t a ls o re o ccu p atio n s o f 2 0 0 4
lo c a tio n s , s a m e p re c is io n d e s ire d
S
S a tis fie s p re c is io n o b je c tiv e a n d E P A d e s ire
fo r u n b ia s e d a p p ro a c h
SWACs
U p d a te S W A C s; S W A C s s h o u ld be N o n e sta te d a s / m o re p re c is e th a n p re v io u s SW ACs
None needed
S a tis fie s o b je c tiv e s
Pre- vs Postrem edy Com parisons
D e te c t la rg e d iffe r e n c e s (4 0 % ) fo r D e te c t s lig h t d iffe r e n c e s (2 0 % ) P re - v s P o s t-re m e d y
s e g m e n ts w ith s ig n ific a n t S M A
in a ll s e g m e n t s
d iffe r e n c e s s h o u ld b e la rg e
c o v e ra g e (e .g ., 2 0 % o r m o re
in t h e m o s t s ig n if ic a n t
re m e d ia tio n )
s e g m e n t s , 4 0 % p r e c is io n is
ad eq u ate
V
S a tis fie s o b je c tiv e w ith s a m p le s iz e s o p tim iz e d fo r e x p e c te d d iffe re n c e s
Post-remedy vs Background Com parisons
N o n e stated
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E q u iv a le n c y E v a lu a tio n (9 0 % U C L o n E q u iv a le n c y v a lu e s h o u ld b e le ss th a n ~ 1 .5 a s s u m in g e q u iv a le n t p o s t re m e d y c o n d itio n s )
None needed
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Summary/Discussion Sampling Plan and Benefits
m Improves statistical power of original 484 plan in developing SWACs and quantifying natural recovery since 2004, and allows an improved 8-segment spatial scale analysis
Incorporates ERA'S DQOs for pre- vs post-remedy comparisons and post-remedy vs background comparisons
Captures recent technical progress made during the "statistical group" discussions:
Evaluation of sampling plans on the basis of 8 segments
Randomized placement method with some shift to re-occupy 80-100 of the 2004 stations
Stratification of the unbiased samples between navigational channel and shoals
Represents a reasonable compromise to balance sampling costs and effort with statistical power to address critical DQOs
Pre-RD
ERA
Group Plan Plan
Surface Sediment Sampling
X
X
Description
us! to unbiased robust samp
n for 8 seqpients
plus SMA sampling at 300 ft spacing for allocation, focused
COCs
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SMA Samplin
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SMA Sampling Plan
Current SMA sampling plan (~334 surface samples, 90 cores) is sufficient for a scoping-level analysis of SMA
Statistical power analysis shows count is robust Responsive to requests of allocation team and meets
needs of allocation group (confirmed) Re-baseline the SMA footprints to evaluate current
conditions and run these data through the decision tree
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Entire Program
Surface sediment cores, fish tissue, and surface water (approximate locations)
M
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Active Footprint it i- J .i ft Ci-i-?
Fset
0 1.300 2.000 3.900 4,SOS
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Rationale for Grab Placement in SMAs
Several considerations Regular spacing/ coverage across active footprint (~250 ft) Re-occupy some old stations More stations near steep chemical gradients to reduce uncertainty
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SI'PS between rm a and 5E
= proposed
= recent sampling since the RIFS
Triangles = cores Circles = grabs
IIW B mHBW
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Rationale for Core Placement
* Several considerations Lack of horizontal samples at boundaries, ~300 ft spacing Strong concentration gradient over short distance New nearshore areas included in Alt F Mod Isolated active areas/blobs proposed for dredging but without any subsurface data Tag bottom, define vertical extent
Rely on best professional judgment
* Note: plan not optimized with surface grab or recently completed studies (Swan Island, RM 5-6, RM 11E)
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'O
' - 's;
B
River bottom line based oo 2004 bathymetry extracted at the cross-line only.
CROSS-SECTION B-B'
.'1' A
Blue conceptually represents water column, sediment points shown within water column .are nearshore/riverbank samples.
B'
Horizontal distance from cross-section origin (ft)
Approach: -K -
Vertical Profile Core Analysis
Proposed Vertical Control Sampling
Location
Cross-section is based on aggregating sediment data that is located within a 275-ft buffer around the individual center cross-section line then plotting on a 3X vertical exagration scale for visual clarity.
If
,:f ;;:f
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Lk< Sfociare
Proposed Core Location
Existing Core ^ location
* fu ll 4fl > >/f h i if
, h-J '.99>K/
K * V Ef fill
A '
A ',J !
lilitifl'tji;
yiwfifiiOfisi'.sI
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!-------- 1-------- r
WU o
0.05
I -------1-------i------- 1
0.1
0.2 Miles
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Sediment concentration point located at the ending depth
Portland Harbor Site Vertical Profile Analysis
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Fgu*3 4 -27i, lo fai Fy aptfs o Cottimmi Csm PoMm - Rte.SF
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Proposed Core Locations Exampie RM 5SE
No existing cores in dredge footprint 1 core nearby horizontal and vertically bounded to 10ft
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Rgare 3,4~27k. T*at PAH Depth of ConiaminatioR Cc*e PnsOfes - RM6W
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Proposed Core Locations Example RM 6W
I
K
* Lots of cores, so focus
A
on boundaries and
gradients
On left side - add core at edges and within dredge footprint
On right side - refine gradient between max PAH concentration of 3000 to -1000 mg/kg
* Spacing is about 230 ft
* Could optimize the spatial coverage
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Figure 3.4-ils.
PCS Depili of
C492
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Proposed Core Locations Example RM 91V
Fill data gap to refine vertical and horizontal extents in dredge area
All cores vertically unbounded except for C492 which was shortest core
Data gap - no cores in shallow area
LWIVIC24 had cone >750 ppb PCB but vertically unbounded and >400 ft from shore
Also, no bathymetry nearshore (data gap)
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PCS Desm of
111
Cere
HilPll
R.M3.5E:
OB
K
a -
&
fR t
`roposed Core Locations Example R i! 3.5E
s*
Isolated area with no existing cores ii dredge footprint
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Proposed Core Locations -
Example RM 5 to 6Nav - good coverage already exists
= proposed = recent sampling since the RIFS
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Triangles = cores Circles = grabs
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Overview: Sediment Sampling
1
^
* The Pre-RD group scope satisfies DQOs for SMA delineation and baseline dataset to evaluate recovery trends
* Pre-RD Group scope for SMA delineation is sufficient (and will be further augmented with additional sampling)
Sediment core density sufficient for allocation EPA effort is 100% design level (to be completed later)
Willing to discuss unbiased sampling plan in 8 segments based on recent discussions with John Kern, EPA consultant
New data will go through decision tree to refine the SMA footprints; including a re-evaluation of Alt F mod footprint reflecting new data
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Summary/Discussion of SMA sampling plan
Pre-RD scope in SMA areas: 334 grab samples 90 cores in SMA
Sample count sufficient for allocation and reduces uncertainty in horizontal and vertical extent of active footprints
Could move/slide the proposed stations for more optimization
Do we have consensus?
Pre-RD Group Plan
Surface Sediment Sampling
X
Subsurface Sediment Coring
X
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ERA Plan
X
X
Description
Adjust to unbiased robust sampling program for 8 segments plus SMA sampling at 300 ft spacing, focused COCs
90 SMA cores to fill data gaps needed for allocation, 2 ft increments, focused COCs, TOC, grain size
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Downtown Reach Considerations
(surface sediment and sediment traps)
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Downtown Reach Pr evi ous Surface Sediment Sampling Studies
Previous investigations:
2008 investigation by ODEQ included 81 surface grabs and 36 subsurface sediment samples to identify target cleanup areas
2010 (Phase II) another sampling event by ODEQ in focus areas 2014 Kleinfelder investigation
Several sediment cleanup investigations under ODEQ:
RM 12.2W (former Portland Gas Manufacturing MGP Facility)
RM 13,1 and 13,5E (PGE, one cap in 2015, other in design)
RM 13.6 (Zidell property, completed 2011)
RM 15W
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Downtown Reach
Historical Sediment Sampling Locations
.* *>* `
*
* * **+ *
Figwre i
Sediinerii Sampling L-saORS Overview
B-wmom'i Por&asd Sedi:ment C h a ra cte r safer* P h a se i
Field and Data Report
$#? Potfianci. Oregon
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Sediment Trap Sampling
Summary o f 2007 Round 3 4 o f the Ri
Four sediment traps deployed near RM 11.9 and 16.5
Sampled quarterly to evaluate quantity of accumulated sediment and analyze for total PCB Aroclors and Congeners in select samples
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Geosyntec1 EPA's Plan for Downtown Reach Sampling
m Downtown Reach is between RM 119 and 16.5, bounded by the Site and Upstream Reach
EPA's Sampling Plan proposes: 60 surface sediment samples (0 to 30 cm) (Table 3 says 30 samples) 4 sediment trap samples 30 SMB tissue samples (15 from each side, five 3-fish carp composites) 6 surface water samples in Downtown Reach at RM 11.8 and RM 16.5
Traps colocated with surface water, 2 samples per transect, 3 SW samples per transect at 2 depths, quarterly for 1 year
Analyze for all sediment and surface water COCs (ROD Table 17) plus TOC and DOC at Year 0 (surface water)
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Summary/Discussion
Downtown Reach - Sediment Sampling
If sampled, ensure fine grained/mobile materials are targeted (most likely to be transported downstream to Site)
Target soft, fine grained sediment with higher % fines and TOC
Before each event, do a pre-survey to identify areas of soft sediment; sample these areas as spatially-randomized, non-fixed locations
Include sediment traps to assure that fine grain/mobile materials suspended in the water column are characterized
40 samples appropriate for statistical robustness (downtown and upstream combined)
Overall, move the upstream sample area to include the Downtown Reach could be beneficial to help characterize upstream sources to the Site, determine what is achievable, and may be used for equivalency analysis
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Summary/Discussion
Downtown Reach - Other Media
Surface water sampling - alignment with two upstream transects in Pre-RD scope plan
SMB tissue sampling - initially proposed 10 SMB samples in upstream area, add 15 to achieve EPA target in upstream/ downtown combined for equivalency analysis (Table A-1)
Pre-RD group and EPA in alignment on value of incorporating the Downtown Reach into the sampling design
Downtown Reach Sediment Traps
Pre-RD Group
EPA Plan X X
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Description
IVlove some samples Into Downtown Reach in fine-qrained areas, focused COCs; add 15 SMB samples
: traps at two upstream transects at RlVl 11.8 and RM 16, 3 events,! focused COCs, line of evidence for COC migration into site
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Surface Water Sampling!
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Overview: Surface Water Sampling
*
^
The Pre-RD group and EPA are in general alignment on transects, 3 seasonal sampling events, and 3 locations per transect, total and dissolved testing
Our plan is different, we propose vertical compositing and EPA plan has near-surface and near-bottom samples
We differ in analyte list and passive sampling methods
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Surface W ater Sampling
P 4 Plan for Pre-RD Studies
Background-based surface water cleanup levels not established in the ROD due to the lack of data available; all COCs
For baseline sampling, use peristaltic pump and XAD high volume samplers at 5 transects near site boundary (RM 1.9, upper Multnomah, 6, 11.8, and 16.5)
Each transect will have 3 sample locations: east-channel, midchannel, and west-channel
At each sample location, single-point near bottom samples and single-point near surface samples will be collected
Semipermeable membrane device (SPMD) samplers will be deployed at RM 1.9, RM 6 and RM 11.8
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Summary of Surface W ater Sampling
Pre-RD Group Proposed Baseline Plan
8 transects
Add transects within Site, one per river segment, sensitive RM 1.8, Multnomah channel entrance near RM 3, RM 4, RM 7,
Swan Island Lagoon, RM 8.8, RM 11.6, and RM 16.2 Three vertically-averaged composite samples per transect
3 sampling events - high, low, flood
Focused COCs (RGBs, dioxins/furans, PAHs, DDx)
* Peristaltic pump and PE passive sampling for good detection limits
Pre-RD Group Plan
EPA Plan
Surface Water Sampling
X
X
D e scrip tio n
8 transects, 3 events, 3 samples per transect, for trend analysis, focused COCs, use passive sarnplers discuss
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Analyte List
Ccw-mAr.* T ; ^ " Q
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EPA's Analyte Plan
All COCs with Cleanup Levels in the ROD
Sediment and Sediment Tran ail COCs (ROD Table 17}
Surface water COCs (ROD Table 17) usina
XAD and SPMD
Metals Pesticides PAHs - PCBs - SVOCs Dioxins/furans TpH TBT
Metals Pesticides PAHs PCBs - SVOCs Dioxins/furans Plus TOC and DOC
at Year 0
TOC
W h e re w e h ave alig n m e n t
Tissue COCs (ROD Table 17) Metals (Arsenic, Hg) Pesticides - PAHs PCBs - SV O C s (BEHP, PCP) Dioxins/furans - PBDEs
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Summary/Discussion Analyte List
* Analysis of only Focused COC list (RGBs, DDx, PAHs, dioxins/furans) in sediment, tissue and surface water will (benefits):
* Provide data on same COCs for all media, allowing for comparison across media (only 5 COCs have cross-media data)
* Provide the most applicable and useful data on risk drivers at the Site for RAOs not met at T=0
* Monitor COCs with site-wide distributions; other COCs best managed with SMA design/monitoring
* Provide a manageable amount of data for trend analysis and remedial design
FS Section 2.2.1: "focused COCs are those that the distribution encompasses the majority of the spatial extent of contaminants posing the majority of risk as identified in the baseline risk assessments"
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Wrap Up and Next Steps
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Geosyntec
Scope Alignment
R evisit and sum m arize scope items
Bathymetry
Pre-RD Group
Plan
X
Surface Sediment
Sampling
AY
Fish Tissue Sampling (SMB)
AY
Other Biota Tissue
EPA Plan
AY AY
X
Description
Site-wide coverage Adjust to unbiased robust sampling program for 8 segments (~300
samples) plus SMA sampling at 300 ft spacing focused COCs SMB tissue sampling for focused COCs for trend analysis; whole
body and calculate fillet; add Downtown Reach? Not proposed
Current Status
Surface Water Sampling
X
Subsurface Sediment Coring
X
Fish Acoustic Tracking Study
AY
Camera Survey of Anglers
X
PW Sampling Upstream
X
Downtown Reach
Sediment Traps
Ay
8 transects, 3 events, 3 samples per transect, for trend analysis, focused COCs, add passive samplers
AY
90 SMA cores to fill data gaps needed for allocation, 2 ft increments, focused COCs, TOC, grain size
See memo, results will inform tissue data analysis and use of SMB
to monitor remedy effectiveness
See memo; results could be useful for development of ICs
8 stations, metals, help determine PW background for COC metals
X
40 grabs in fine-grained areas, focused COCs, 15 SMB
X
Place 2 traps at two upstream transects at RM 11.8 and RM 16, 3 events, focused COCs, line of evidence for COC migration into site
42 Confidential: For Pwposes of Settlement Negotiatbns Only
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Tier 1
ED 002061 00115261-00042
Meetings
June July Aug
Statement of Work
Work Plan
SAP/QAPP
Field Work
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Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA
2017 Schedule
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Oct
Nov
Dec
Bathymetry Surface Water
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.................... .
QlIGStionS
related to schedule and statement of work
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:
................... SSSSS
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Work Plan Attached to Statement of Work (SOW) Contents of Work Plan
QAPP and SAP build upon RI/FS
documents, amendments as needed Data analysis and evaluation Tier II data validation
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AOC Elements
Focused well-defined tasks and goals
Timely implementation
Safeguards to ensure efficiency (e.g., expert panel)
Support allocation
Common understanding that we follow the data
45 Confidential: For Pwposes of Settlement Negotiatbns Only
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Next Steps
How do we get to September
Alignment of work items by end of August
So, we can write the Work Plan in September
Weekly meetings to refine scope
Schedule meeting to review red line edits of AOC and SOW
Summary meeting notes of consensus points
46 Confidential: For Pwposes of Settlement Negotiatbns Only
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Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA
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Geosyntec
; ' O ;! 1" M ;
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