Document g2GOdmYKQxzmJjQMOQ9avBk3e

\ I a ssjcpie of insulating blanket braided froa rovings of carded Aaoslte fibvr or.: subaitted-pn M/.y 12, 1942 u> the Director of the Naval Drporiaentel its tier. ft *jvnapells, Md. the saeplt" wee >0 ft. long, 3 ft. wide, and 1 la. la thickness, n 3 ft. x 10 ft. pice* of type A Asbestos Cloth ecs included with the staple. The blanket Is intended to aeet U.S. Navy Specification 31/3 and the doth to acet U.S. Navy Specification JJClls. The eevelopaent of the blanket vas sttrtcd on June 6, 1939. Zt ess necessary to design c aee type of braiding asehlae for this purpose. Original plans eerc sj.sple aodifici tico of braiding oachines already in existence. Such a neetme ta erderea on August 6, 1940, delivered in February 1941, rad set up la "V. SuildInc at Naanlle Tretory. Several aejor changes fren the original design eert neeeseary and it eos not until October 1941 that the first blanket ves produced, a fee alnor (.tenges ware ride end la April 1942 the product wee con sidered good ceougb to tubnlt soapier for uaofficlxl teat to the Brooklyn Ha.vy T*rd end the P. S. Thorsan Co. Theas agencies rscocuendsd that tha blanket be breldad aora tightly, blth this ezeeptioa, it eta considered at tlsfaetwry. Tha saople aubalttad oo key 12, 194Z la expected to aeet ill requirements. "looeite fiber eontrlnlng 1-1/22 cottos rau carded into slivers. five or six slivers, depending oa individual bulk, sere tainted lata rovings of eao Inch disaster. Tha rovings eon orappod with tao ends of aobestoo yrra is i direc tion opposite the tslst of tha roving to prevent uaravelling. Thlrty-eix of tha available sixty brt thing tubes on the orchine aero aaroloyed. In regular production, the full width of the brt lder eill be used. A plcnt production run of one aonth's duration *111 be started as ton aa 3-PE-025-1 is approved. During that period, it is intended to oanufACtur# 2,000 sq.ft, ef blanket. trade secret J-M 83 MTC 000493 (1) SWfttART; (eont'd) -2 - 54port No. U-262 The braided blanket baa e uniqua advantage ovar tba eospeUtlve woven product ns* bein* uaad by the Htvy Dept. Mian cut loncitudinelly, there It ao lota of a* tend tad tb* ttm-conavun oparttlon of tying ereas yorru lu elislatted. Content* of Reporti (1) Suaotry h) Data,11,ad Znvaatlfotlea A. Daacrlptlon of C/par*ti.oaa B. Watery C. Laboratory lava.'tlgttien 0. Qu ngta Required for Propoaed Pleat Production Rita (3) Appaadleaa A. Bala see of Material* B. Aoalysla of J-d tac Cocpetltlve Blcnkata C. Vu--rry of U.S. Nav/ bpeeiflettlan 32T3 A??ffcvis_ VrWtC. B. B RXFtiKTLD ba act Dr. C. P. laaavellar Kr. 1. A. Xlaialback Mr. O. B. Crlaanaw Mr. d. J, Baadatar Mr. 3. t. Bafart P. 0. Cases Mr. . 5 NiUlraa 711 flea Preaidant Poaar Producta Dept. Poaar Producta Dept. Coaptrollor Manager A* Buildlnc Aaaetroh Manager C iJTit.i' ' ? -- *,W>' MTC 000494 \ (?) rrr.-Jt^r rTvcrric.TX:;-;: -i R. - r- * M.. u-;a PESCXTPTTIS or 0F~?\71'-'!S *oo*lto fiber is first crush*!* and wtlleved. About l-l/ eottcn is added to faci litate carding. Tht conventional etnling sechlne is used to produea slivers waich-ng about 250-27J grains per yard. .'coer.diaj cs Individual weight, five or si* slivers are fed into the twister and '-unc into c roving. V.rwpping yarns are applied by the twister. ine roving is fed into each of the tubes c.-. the breider end ursrn up into the z^ihr-rolls above the <%ehlne. Each carrier is fitted with a spool of wire-lnserti-1 ytm which peases through an eyelet under spring tension. The yarn is threadsd -.-.to 3/8" oleaster tubes which extend to a point slightly hlghar then thr.t at which the roving eeirges fros the 1-3/8" dluster tuba, aa tbs carriers wov* in their "figure algat" path, each roving is brclood to the'one adjacent by neaas of the wire-inserted yarn. The blanket Is drawn awey fros the tubes by the spike-rolls, the speed of which e&n be varied by a Reeves drive on the sotor. The trke-eway speed determines the "pitch" of the braiding yarn. - rotary aleetrle knife 1: very effective for cutting the hl/nkst. However, a toothless htnd-ase also cuts the blanket easily rrben t. slotted table is used. The hand-aaw la recamended because of low initial and cciatannsca cost. 3. HISTOP In dareb 1939 the Bevy Aapertaeat issued bpeclflcatlen 3273 covering aa asbestos insulating fait or blanket for use as a roeovcblt iaoul.'.ticn for turbinas, valves, *nd pipe fittings. Or. June 6, 1939, Ur. C. E. Grinshew requested that the laboratory develop a product to aeet the above apecIflestIan. TTM02 was approved August 23. 1939 and wertr ore started to datemine how a blanket could be produced. Aa investigation of tbs ccape titles field abowed that aa Aaosite blanket waa being produced toy the Onion asbestos and ftjbtoer Company. Thin blanket was woven on a loco and Is covered by their patents. Our ssenlnation of this blanket showed that its sain detrlsaat lay in the fact thrt If any of tha cross binder strings sere cut tbs blsnkst would unravel. Kith this ss a start,, ww developed e braided blanket which would seet all the JJrv/ specific*tlene end would net unravel whan the ereea etrlago are cut. Hand-oado sasples of this braided blanket were npp-ored by the fewer Preducts Oepertnee; The fidelity Xschlne Co. t.r.r. <.cn-j et-d .-nd after e th uct, they acid they could build c n-chin? < hieh veul their quotation on the cj china vra suhr.it*.,: i rril 3, tr.'. a'cnir.a wes ori*r'.<J. thlpscr.t wca prc*aicsd witlil: '.vrwd till Jetrury 1911. WITC 000495 (it) f~AT'-I T"VT.'TTi~ 1 f' " (cor ft') \ Initial trials indicated tfcci acvorrl ccjer cla-.r.tco r.-.ro nceescary before orer.-.tie-, could Sec-'.. Insufficient elcrrr.nee cn th. ca= neeersitf ted regrtr.iing. The born geer tuscicgs "ere turr.sd dcvn en a lr.ths to perr.lt core deerrr.ae for the carrier; 1 tie switch**. Two oiffercnt ; :: of soring* were loatr.Ued on tho pels < nd it es necessery to grind the edgre of .-11 switches. Ir. eplte of thtoo ic'uotaer.t:, tho seeftine ttlil did not function satisfactorily. Three carrier* wrre procen when the itehe6 failed to guide tiiau into their proper track*. 3y *?ril 1941 it we* obviouo tfc/.t the accr.ina, as oricinrily designed, would not produce e brr.lded blrnkst as expected . hen the trehino wes ordered. It wee thought thtt tube* froa th er.rrior to the brr.ldinf point Bight perait the breid to be Cornea ft the braiding point rr.ther than ft the earner, four eueh tube* were insu-.litd rnd it tppoi.red tlu.t they would not be sctlsfee.ory until r further sleeve "i.s tude to perrdt freer hover.ent to the yarn sliding out of the tube*. A revolving alter* ws placed over the str.tlcr.cry tube in the hope that this would prevent the yirn free wrapping on rny strand f.nci would transfer the ytrn frea tube to tube ct the ordain* point. Thie ebiiifc did not fcivs the expected results. The next effort was to cleee r. stud on the top of seich revolving tube. Tho fwirpoee of this stud was to prewwnt the jri.m froa wrapping (.round the tube along it* length fron carrier to braiding point. There ae difficulty in tnnsferring tho ytrn froa one tub* to Another i_nd work was started by Fidelity Jachine Co. so a device for depressing r.ltaraata tubes, which ehangr, it was thought, would causa the yarn to trsnafar properly. This was tha status on this prroblsa is of Uay 23, 1911. It was dscidod by tbe aeaufseturer thtt a new type of corrier end steadying ring for the tops of tha tubes, which go up to the braiding point, ware neewrsery. They rdvlsed by letter on June 3, 1911 thi.t they tub ordered the nscsssary tubes rd cprings for transferring threads end tint work had been started on the necessary rolls and pressure levers to be fastened on the new top ring end tho operating acchtnisa for these pressure levers. a representative of the aenufr elurar spent four weeks during August tnd SoptooPer 1941 la kcnvills factory wndtcvsring to cat the braider opart ting satisfactorily, dost of tho trouble involving the travel of the carriers was elInina ted. Tha spring pawls wars nirvvd eonplstsly. ring eith era covenant was installed. Heaver, the action of tha era in depressing alternate tubas was net considered positive enough to be mmufreturlag peaslbillty rnd thia eethod was abandoned. The next devalopasot was the attcehaeat of 3/B* dimetor tubes to the earner*. These extendod higher tlsn tha tube* cattaining the rovings. The purpose of these tubas rue to carry a light yarn froa the carrier, and braid together each two adjacent roving* after the letter had bean drawn through their respective tubes. On October 31, 1941 a tuple blanket 36* wide see cede sa tha brcldsr. Basically, the torta! aet Bevy specific* tleo 3273 but the blanket was considered not suffi ciently tight to be pease bio. Tboreforw, longer lengths of tho above naatlcnod }/8m tubing ware attached to tbs corners. Thia chcngo hrd the desired effect of producing e tighter hltnket. In Dececbwr 1911 tho brr'.J .r it s evident that i!:s 3/_ I: * too wrcll for iC'C. I.r.: ti.lt *.. ectlsfi pier/. :c J-M 83 |\flTC 000496 V * r--Allr~ v:\--rx: -j - \ (eent'd) import Uo. Xi.~2b2 ABcut coril 1, 1912, the corner spring* of 8-cur.:a lead ecpr.ciiy wore rtnavei fre ts* brclaer corners and repleeed with *prin.-a of 16-cur.e* capoilty. This eW^-i tf nods to secure a eor* tightly brclded blanket. A breos wlre-inesrted eebcetse ytrn us used for braiding. A 75-ft. aieUon of MenJcet nc* Bade uaict; 36 rovings. soctien 22 ft. in length as aent to the ?. S. Thoraen Co. end a alailar aaetlen '5 aent to tha Brooklyn Hary Tart for uaofflei/.l inapeetlca. Thl* blanket aea nan* free finely ground 3-3 Acoaito fiber end the blrnkat had a damity of about . .< lb. per cu.ft. Tbe oem objection by the Jlcvy ford to thla blanket *aa the diffi 1culty in cutting it with a rotary electric talfe. Th*7 ate ted that due to the Blr.oer.tss of tM rowings the blanket tended to aeperrte between the rowing* end rr.nerd of tba kaifa bled#, anting it. lsprcctlctl far one Mn to cut througa the linket quickly. The .'levy Ocport'snt node a rou?h teat to determine the nuaber of lr.yars required .'er * givei. coieicnass of mauledon. Tba teat consisted of muting a pile of pieces one foot squer# to t totel weight of 19 pounda. eighteen layer* of the etnple were required end these aet,lured 16" is height. A fire-pound weight then *e epplied tc the rsp ef the pile cad e eoepreasion fren 16" to 1}" wca noted. Tbia waa ate ted i_c very aetlaftctary. hen the eanpetitiwe woren hlcnkat la cut longitudinally, then la i loaa of at lent ena rowing, and cceialdarmhlw tine la required to tie the looaa IndiwlduaLl troaa yarna. Tba fact that there la no loaa of tine or netorlol whan tha J-4i blsnkat la ao cut wta atated by Brooklyn ttavy ford aa a dafinlta adwnntaga. I / I j "To secure a rowing of aneller dimeter, c atael tube 18-1/A* x 1-3/32* 1.0., era -nserted into tba twlating occhlna. The loeer end of tba tube wta flared to feel.1 -- 14 entry of sllverc. Thio tub* proved to offer too aueb raaiatenea and eauaen frequent broena in the rowing ana It wca renewed. four yarn* hed prewieutly been u**d for wrtppicg the rowing la the twlatlag opereticn. Two of tbea* yr.rr.s bad been wound in en oppoait* direction rnd two in the cco* direction ee the nut of the rowing. In order to deerwaao tbe yarn content It wta decided to elljuacte tha letter two yarn*. a haraber fiber eta tried en April .3rd In a further effort to tighten tha blanket. .iowv*r, tha carding acchino did not produce ca uaifora a allwor aa it bed proriouoly. Wide worlotlou la thictoaae md weight warn noted. Sllvora varied fren 930 to 230 gralna per j*.-d. Rowing* and* fren theee allwor* wore not eoaalatoat in dlanater and a aul table hlcnkat could net bo aada fron then. At oartala palate in the rowing, too lcrg* a dtuotar ccuaad exceaalv* resistance la the hfoldar tuba* with reeultcat broakag* of tha blanket.. At certain other point* in tha eeao rowing tha dlanater waa too aadl to pruwlde aufflelant rwelatcaee la tha tube* and wrepung of the rowing arooed the top* f the /am-carryl/^ tuba* occurred. Tba 1110 A.P.W. ostor drirlag the tala ter waa reoovad and a 173$ R.B.Ii. ootor Inattllod la lta piece. Tbla change poraltted production of e such note tightly twisted rowing. Tbe abovw-ocntlcnad rowings war* re-twisted end 75 feet of blnnkr* r.f it-.isfwetory tifbrtnoai ware nede on *pnl *8tb. However, tit* astro wrapping :r*.rir_ a oroaaot war* cBjtctiorstlt fren ca cppecrar.ee atcnlpolat. rurty-el* length* cf rs-.i--.j (oeeh 110 frrt) were -iivsrs psr roving, clCpcr-mj e..; f.. : anight ef the MTC 000497 t -A(ern'.'c) Report Mo. U-262 It woe etlculetad ttit ths rovings produced would =.-ke e final blanket of 11 lb./eu. ft. der.city. Tor exoerisonti'l purposes, six of ths outside rw/olvtng brcldar tub*a were reaoved. It >t* found ttat the jxr.lltr disaster tub** insids the revolving tuba* *ara too abort to prevent wasting of the roving i.round the 3/8* dltaetsr yiro--etclniag :ube*. Thar* *j noticeably leas twisting then the tlx roving* ware held taut by fund, but thla errengsaent wr.a still not sitisfsetory. Constquwntly, 12' sections of tubing ainllxr to tha In*id* tub** vers expanded for i" clonf their langth to * dinactar aufrielantly lrr*s to oarnit a tight fit over -he tubes cn the braider. This laeracsed tha ovarall length of each of the . u. tubas by 10". -> blmktt aaa asde uelng the nbov* six tubea with extensions rnd thirty tub*a vlth tha revoicing cutslds tub**. The spring* on th* errriars **r* crungad rgcln, fron lb oi. lotd erpccity to 20 e*. load eupr.clty. /.tout 30 ft. of blanket Wr nods on May 5. 1942, and 130 ft. on day 6. Considerrbl' troubl* ** eocouatartd with brakes rovings rnd twisting of roving around thread* -eU.irU.ng tubas. Tbe six tubas with tha extensions seaaed the eoat aatlafactcry. Theca tubas prevented tha roving frea tainting croiad tha thraadad tubas. Tha following day an additional 100 ft. -are ard*. Thors were several breaks in tha rovinga *t various points throughout the blanket, after aaaa patchwork, howwvsr, a 32 ft. length of 36- wlda blanket aaa dac9*d satisfactory end wra cant to tha k#vr.l~ 'i'.T*rlrantcl Station for tast. :. labor-tori lavisnaATim Ccrv.ln work arc dene In tha labarttory while plant seals teats otra being at*.*. It was thought thtt tha laboratory pip* covering sr.ehins could, with a f*o nodlflections. produce s silver or roving or cn entire blrnket. 1. Built-Op Blanket cn Dm Th* laboratory pipe covering eschina lays a shredded fiber in light, bulky fern on a saving belt O1 la width, a shuttle device ace nada to lay jams in c cries crass fcahian on top of th* fiber ct the and of the belt, a <nn of 41* disnvter ene eo<cited agklnat th* end of the belt so tint layers of crossed ytms and ribar built up on th* dren. The dna cue awaited cn slid* bearings to per- nit it to hack assy Cram the bait ns the thickness of the built-up blanket in creased. Ten ends of yen ear* fad tWnugh eyelets cn th* (buttle. Cn either side of the belt two stationery spool* fed yarns down the cuter edges of the blanket. The yores passed ovsr e sodiuo-will cote roll. It me thought that the Wading ectlen of the rllleete would bo sufficient to er.vao adherence between lay*! of lev fiber but t.ueh wss not '.he ere*. - The blrri;st had fair tudinjlly bus very poer strength In c transverse d^wepdcni Tu laprovw tie tr.-n:verrs strength, a .vj-indtd ovo; thi *nip" of th- L-lt rnd MTC 000498 -P--~llC-v - (cent's) Report l!j. U-rc: back end rorth lsying t yin eeroi: the ldth sf the blanket. Tb two etctlor.-ry epoole ct either edeo tore eliminated elr.ee they built up vie on another eeuctng etiffnest it the edges. The trrnaverse strength Me Improved aonevbet but the blanket still was not considered ectuftetory. The trrnaverse yern wte inset .**S in weter prior to introduction Into the blanket but thin tv d little effect in Irprovtn,; the adheclon of the layers of fiber. k built-up blrnket wte nr.de ns describ'd t.bove without passing any of the yrra over r sodlus iiiLei.it roll. The bl.-.nket rn.de in this Banner fe not eetleftetory. :. Cone Device for Products,- Sliver or Sovlnc from )iue Coverln* Machine - sheet net/.l cone of the follr-'lng dlncoslcne wee nedet length of Bide, 72"; V* dltaetor ct *vll end; 12" dimeter ct lnrge end; spo>i elot 11* loaf eno 2" wide rtr rti.it; from lerge cod of cone. k died fitted with t spindle was counted at the larger end of Use cone. The spindle was inside the cone rnd carried r spool of yens *lth three ends. Each end pssaed through one ef three cyolete uniformly spread arouse the edge of the disc. The disc css rotated rapidly by scene of e head creak ebile the yeme ero drown down the length of tho ceut by head. It wrt intended to simulate, with codifications, the sethod by which silver* were produced r.t that tlee on the carding mr.chlna in the plant. The cone wee so placed st the end of the belt that a aaell portion of the belt entered the slot. It wrs intended tty t the rotwUar disc would cause the three yerma to brush against the belt which *r* delivering fiber into the eeae. he the yens wee drawn through,it <u thought that it eculo sick up tad tslat the fiber. How ever, this aettod hra net proved sattsf.etory s yet. 3. Eitaro toerlnente future laboratory were sill include ihveetlgt U.cn ef the feasibility of using t. cor.o roll and tolrler tube, cicllrr to thrt used on the card, ct the aad of the pipe covering at chine to produce silver of proper dieneter, eelght, ead strength. c. ckiMTS reioittD roe wr.Pisrs PU.TT Tr-ycTica.jm 1. k wood Upored roll (ler.rth 4' card, ollAiaeUflC the belt hic:. spinning erne nnd dor-roll:.. T.. wr f e'.-.:n;~: to t: *t vlevp-f frer. t>. rr.! i i. . rt'.l beth rot' .nr e- : rd ; I >. . T...- i .* if ar: i MTC 000499 -6- (2i cm. ilsc znvTsnc*nc:i; (cont'd) \ 1 report Mo. 14-262 2. Sixty extension tubes (1-3/8" disaster x 10-1/2") Bill bo added to the top of the curved tubes on the braider. The overall length, therefore, elll be increased by cbout 10-1/2*. 3. *11 revolving tubes end heavy springe eill be reaoved ^ ebove-jentloord extensions rill be inserted on the 1-3/8" tube*. 4. k . ee ring eill be cede for the top of the brtlder. This will be so con structed thr,t the friction of the blonkcl posting over the ring eill bo reduced to a niAiaua. 5. The accessary '.ddltional eu tionery inlet tubes will be instilled on the breidcr. 6. Eighty reels eill be. constructed, etch to strry .-bout 600 feet of roving. 7. k "est-oelk* of oood will be erected rround the braider. The rovings will be fed off the reels, through the necessary guide?, under the "cat-walk*, under the rollers nounted on the btxider, and into the stationery inlet tubes. >. A Binding device will be node end erected for the twister. This will have r slip drive eni e oncheniso for guiding the roving in unlfom layers oa the reels. 9. k winding device <111 be aede cad erected for the blanket produced by the braider. y 10. The broken care of the braider carriers Bill be repaired. 11. The tBister r.m be noveo fraa its preexot noelilen to permit erection of racks and braider winder. 12. Broken parts for tbo braider <111 be repaired end repleceaent gears eill be aede. 13. an auxiliary switch for blanket notor will be installed. Ibis will permit elevating tbs rovings up to and through tbs spike rolls without driving the braiding aacnanisa. Id. All additional braider parts necessary to produce a blanket 5 feet eld# will be installed. TRADE SECRET J-M 83 MTC 000500 13) AfP2<STXi - BxLKHCt tjf UTESIxlb I -1- ' Beeiei 100 lb. of crude aoaito Fiber 100 lb. Crude Fiber 6 Report lio. U-i6C 1.5 lb. Cotton.* bubjeet to Cfcenfe. *.10.S lb. lera (513/2 ply) 'i' 64 lb. Fiber 1.2 lb. Cotton 10. lb. Urn * TUliTtR ' ^2.54 lb. Tf.tn (210/2 ply) 4. 63.1 lb. Fiber 1.19 lb. Cotton 2.51 lb. Un (213/2 ply) 10.S lb. Urn (513/2 ply) 4-_________ * 5.0 lb. Hre-Iaoortod Urn (510/3 * 2 Brnoe) . *76.55 14 . *13.0* 31 62.00 lb. fiber i.lt lb. Cotton 10.70 lb. Urn (510/2 ply) filler - (1* Totol Looo) 2.51 lb. Urn (210/2 ply) bnpeer . (l> Totol Loop) 4.95 lb. Urn (510/3 6 2 brnoe) Win Inoert - (1* Totol Loos) 100.0* - 2.14 ..b. Bluket TRADE SECRET )-M 83 MTC 000501 '< ,/. O) /.pp;-;piXi - 2 Report Vo. U-2iC s b. Analysis or j-u joid cc/APSTiTXvr Burner: S<-sU of J-U and coepatitlve blanket wr* aaoljrtad o* ihovn below: Onion ltbiUi* 4 J-X Rubber Co. Aeoatt* Fiber Cotton (O rd*d with leoalta) Aatnforelag Torn (FiUtr) trapper tern Wire-Inserted lorn 7fc* 2* 13* 3* 75.5* 0.}* 20.0* 0.0* i.oi 100* 100.0* 0*nltr of Blanket Healaal Dice*tar Roving Nuabar Slivers par Roving Nuaber Tarn End* par Silver Ituabir Torn Coda braoplag vtovlng ftuaber Tara Eada Wrapping Sliver Cotton la Reinforcing Zrra Cottea la Silver Wrapping Tina T/algbt fUlnforclsg Tara Weight Silver trapping Urn 11.2 lb./cu.ft. 1" S 2 2 0 10$ IX gralna/yd. IX grclaa/yd. 11.7 lb./cu.ft. 1* 6 7 (Including liver arrpplng.' 0 2 22.tf 9.7* 7.0 gralna^d. I.) grains/yd. Type of Blanket Bix Idad .i -oven c. swouH-or o.s. M1VT opt. manwaxM.sm fictix asbestos insulating felt abould be of eae grade. MfeElftL felt shell be coapoaed of asbaatoa fiber* rod cation cad binding aatorlola if required. BiVtU wiiirmaia Tbe rovings aball rnataln aot le*a tbaa 93* of aabeataa fiber, Asbestos ball ba ef tba falloelag canpoaltlani Silica <8U?) mn1n Iron (add* (fesOt) Napieiixn (atlde (UgO) Density abcll aet be aore then 12 lb./cu.ft. ahsll eenalat of eheniesl rnslysat, bai.t tlvlty, density, shock and vibrr.tloa, eel* tlon. kith tea osceptlon of density, 11=1 but teat aotbodo art described by the epacl MTC 000502