Document emO516Epey54V0p5Zq0KkXmGy

FACTS March. 1944 rMMtilM fMti to MMikir i tfttirl to tau*<rtol towwm wmUrtoto to'* litowutol * Fv-tf.'W. TM f ItMuatrlM It tlv, MvimmmM H HMHUfirf wwkto, MnMNUito. No. 3. Annual Moating Proceedings Published The Proceedings for the Foundation' a Eighth Annual Meeting, containing ouch ictlcal data on manpower maintenance in industry, was mailed to me subjects covered in the publication fall into four main groups: PLAINTIFF'S EXHIBIT 1. Modical 2. Engineering Industrial Halations Legal IHF-550 The panel, "Putting the Disabled Veteran Bade to Work," a meeting of members, was published separately from the Proceedings to expedite circulation. Additional copies of this panel discussion are available upon request, The annual meeting of members is one of the most valuable services of Foundation mem bership* Accordingly, the Proceedings should be examined carefully and routed to ell interested persons within each member's organization. New Membera and Subscribers . Latest additions to the Foundation's membership list are: American Optioal Company, Van Cleef Bros., end Vanadium Corporation of America. New subscribers ere: [ Fairfield Air Service Command, Ohio; Medical Supply Officer, Ft. Mason, Cal.; Ministers Santa & B.E. Social Hygiene, Quebec, Canada; Netherland Government Cosaission tot ' Scientific Docmentation, end tho Pennsylvania Department of Labor and Industry. * Seen in the News . DETROIT, March 11 (UP) -- R.J. Thomas, President, United Automobile Workers ^ (CIO) today declared that his union "was no longer satisfied" to bargain for wages - -! and hours only and announced tha union would negotiate clauses containing health stand ards for workers.... He said, "The health of our vnrkars in the ahop is an iamediatm problem and it must be met and solved through collective bargaining.* 4 Sacramento, Calif. -- Women workers who repair bullet-proof airplane tanks at Mather Fiold aro equipped with oxygen masks and officials say this ixno ration cuts repair time at least "in half. Tha patching is done by small women who \ crawl through a narrow opening in the tank. Formerly they bad to come out every four or five minutes or risk suffocation from fumes. ' .r Practical Procedures A plant manager, studying jobs in bis shop that disabled veterana might per form, observed: "When I see a man running a machine with one hand in his pocket X * < make a mental note that he could probably operate another machine and a one-armed '< veteran could do that job." . '^ V.P. Ahearn, Executive Secretary, National Indu3triel Send Association and" 5CSecretary of the Foundation' a Board of Trustees, has been appointed an Industry Ue*-_ ber of the National War Labor Board. t_j.on. calna Maintsi~ Mcnrcwer.......... ....... ... '^trlal Hygiene Digest - 17 a3 r.hlorohydro carbon Solvents. E.Y<. McGovern. Ind. Eng. Chen., 35, 1230-1239 ~ (Decenber, 1943). Included in c comprehensive paper on tho properties of chlorohydrocarbon solvents is a section on toxicity. The toxicities of a nuaber of the solvents in them selves are of the same order of magnitude, but carbon tetrachloride and ethylene dichloride arc practically more toxic than other liquids of somewhat higher molecular weight on account of their higbor .vapor pressures. Uothyl and ethyl chlorides have low toxicities. but, being gases at ordinary temperatures, tho effect of leakage is a high concentration of the vapors with increased fire and health hazards. Chloroform, beta-trichlorothane, and especially tetrachlorethanc possess high toxicities, and must be used with precautions although their vapor pressures are low. In genorol, human beings should not be exposed to atmospheres lc which tho odors of chlorohydrocarbons era detectable. However, they cay be ell rendered sgfe by the use of properly designed equipment. Danger in skin con tact and decomposition at higher temperatures with formation of more toxic sub stances arc discussed briefly, as ore also methods of detection. 4 Bagasse Disease of the Lung. N.A. Sodemon end R.L. Pullen. New Orleans lied, fc urg. J., 95, 558-560 (June, 1943). A case of bagasse disease of the lung is reported together with the findings at biopsy in an involved area of the lung. The picture appears to bo that of an organic pneuaoconiosis. It is evident that particles of bagasse any enter the alveolar regions end produco this reaction. Tbs mechanism of the changes, and the nature of the stimulus set up by the bagasse dust to produce the cellular reaction, remain obscure. Pneumoconiosis and Working Conditions In Coal Hines. Brit. Med. J. No. 4316, 395-396 (September 25, 1943). * The Committee on Industrial Pulmonary Disease has been unable to draw final con clusions on causation or differences in incidenco of pnevnoconiosis in the South bales coalfield. Anthracite dust is more dangerous than that of bituminous nines. The most important measure in prevention is tho reduction of dust breathed by the miners. To this and, tho coanlttee advocates a series of procedures which ere discussed in this article: (1) maintenance of adequate ventilation, (2) use of water to prevent dust dispersion, (3) allaying of dust in roadways and at loading points, (4) reduction of shot-firing to a minimus, with fewest possible en exposed, (5) regulation of ripping processes, and (6) prevention of chill during spako journeys. Liquefaction Necrosis in Bilateral Symmetrical Conglomerate Lesions of Anthraco silicosis of Lung: Report of Case. B.J. McCloakey. Am. J. Roentgenol., 50. 42-45 (July, 1943). *- It Is the intention of the author to ehow that the correct interpretation of tho roentgen appearance of necrosis and cavitation in the conglomerate lesions of anthracosilicosis may bo very"difficult. A caso is reported, showing these le sions, uncomplicated by tuberculosis. The only known exposure .to silica was when the man worked as a pick miner in a soft cool mine for a period of 12 years and there was no exposure for a period of 44 years bofore his death. The roentgen ologic appearance of the necrotic areas was that of consolidation or pleural thickening.. At sutopsy each cavity was found to contain thick, black, viscid fluid, which showed no free silica on exnmination. Examination of the cavity wall and surrounding lung tissue showed a content of 0.25 per cent silice. A New Radiologic-Social Classification of Pulmonary Silrosis. Lorca and others. Pol. dc In oficina sanitaria ?nnan:ericana. 22, 276-961 (!icvar.bor, 1942/. (Spanish). -' =vs:cn cf ciecsifiezzizz rf silicosis, iacini- Industrid Ifyfiienc Digest - IS then propose the following classification, reducing the eight groups to fit: (l) exposed but showing no silicosis; (2) suspicious; (3) coofimed phase No. 1, initial nodular fibrosis; (4) confirmed phase Koi 2, marked nodular fribrosis; (5) confirmed phese No. 3, confluent nodular fibrosis. 258 Asbestos!s and Pulmonary Tuberculosis. R. Desmculcs and others. Laval ed., 8, 17 (March, 1943). (French). Asbestosis is an occupational disease caused by the inhalation of asbestos dust* It Is diagnosed by the prcaonce of asbestos bodies in tho sputum, and is charac- ' tcrlzed by the transformation of normal lung tissue into fibrous tissue. Symp toms appear usually five to seven years after the beginning of exposure. Both asbestosis and tuberculosis were seen in 8 workers exposed to asbestos dust for 20 years. In throe of these cases asbestosis was masked by tuberculosis. 239 Asbestosis and Pulmonary Tuberculosis. R. Desmeules and M. Giroux. Laval Med., 8 , 227 (March, 1943). (French). ' The case history of a 44 year old man is given who had worked for 20 years in an asbestos mill. After 10 years he had developed productive cough which increased gradually. Shortly before he was admitted to the hospital ha started to run fever and had pains in the chest. The clinical diagnosis of ulcero-fibrous tuberculosis and asbestosis was confirmed by the autopsy. Diffuse peribronchial and porialveolar sclerosis was also seen. It is believed that the first symptoms of asbestosis appeared ten years before the symptoms of tuberculosis, but the natter could not be decided radiologically and pathologically. 23C Asbestosis Bodies. M. Giroux. Laval Med., 8, 239 (March, 1943). (French). The "curious bodies" found in the sputin of patients suffering from pulmonary asbestosis usually measure 24 to 50 mu by 12 to 24 mu but can be as large as 250 mu. They consist of a central fiber of asbestos which is covered by a goldenyellow substance containing iron. Rabbits, guinea pigs end one dog were exposed to inhalation of asbestos dust. Asbestosis did not develop in the rabbits nor in the dog. Thu guinea pigs showed, after several weeks, macrophages with asbes tos fibers in their alvooli. Erythrocytes appeared in the alveoli, and hemoglo bin derivatives containing iron could be found on asbestos fibers tw to three nonths after the beginning of the inhalation of the asbestos dust. Yhon a sus . pension of asbestos in olivo oil was injected subcutaneously or into the testi cles of guinea pigs so asbostos bodies were formed. However, if first one ec. of blood was injected and then the asbestos dust through the seme needle, asbes tos bodlos could be found one month later. The presence of asbestos bodies in the sputm is believed to be a definite sign of pulmonary asbestosis. Coincidence of Frlmit Carcinoma of tbs Lunas and Pulmonary Asbestosis. - F. Hamburger. Am. JT. Path.. 19. 797-807 (September. 1943). ,, In the medical literature there aro now at least 19 known eases of asbestosis associated with primary pulmonary carcinoma. In 4137 autopsies at tho pathology laboratory at Yale University School of Medicine, there were 45 coses of pulmon ary carcinoma in the years from 1918 to 1938. Asbostosis was diagnosed 8 times, silicosis 17 times. Pulmonary carcinoma was found in 4 of tho 8 cases of asbes tosis and twice in the 17 silicotic cases. Despite the high correlation of the' foreign body asbestosis in the lungs with primary pulmonary carcinoma, tbls is a small series of cases the value of these data is limited. Three eases are given in detail. The diagnosis of pulmonary asbestosis was diegnosed according to the following criteria: (1) fibrosis of the lung and (2) presence of asbes tosis bodies.  industrial Hygiene Digest 19 Pulmonary Aabcstoals. L. Rousseau. Laval Med., 0, 233 (Ucrch, 1943). (French). *' The radiological picture of pulmonary aabestosis is not characteristic; it is usually similar to that of tuberculous fibrosis. The diagnosis is, therefore, often made only after asbestos bodies have been found in tho sputum. Asbestos fibers nay be seen in the sputa of individuals who Co not suffer from osbestosis; asbestos bodies ore due to a pathologic tissue reaction. Microscopical examina tion of the lungs of patients who have died from .an intercurrent disease may show esbestosis, which had not been found on X-ray examination. The case history of a 42 year old mnn with asbesto3is without tuberculosis is given. The patient had been working in the asbestos industry for 18 years. For 2 years tho patient had been suffering from increasing cough, expectoration end dyspnea. Roentgenological examination showed mottling of both lungs. Sputa end gastric examinations wore negative for tubercle bacilli. Asbestos bodies were found in the sputua. Methods of Detection and Determination ;?3 The Quantitative Determination of Cyanide in Air. D. Lester. J. Ind. Eyg. & Tox., 26, 61-63 (February, 1944). - The author describes c method for cyanide determination based upon the colon- metric measurement of cyanide denvative footed from methmoglobin exposed to air containing cyanide. An air sample of 1 liter is sufficient for determining a concentration as low as 1 part per million, with an error of 0.1 parte per sillion, higher concentrations to 2> accuracy. The colorlmetnc measurement de pends upon the change in light absorption of motheaoglobin at wave length 635 Bllli-microns, which decreases with the- conversion in accordance with the Beers- Laabert law. Full details of collection arid determination procedures are given. '34 Sampling and Analysis of Air Contaminants. F.H. Goldman. Ina.Mud., 13, 100-103 (January, 1944). The analysis of air for various contaminants especially substances produced for military use, is described briefly. The standard impinger and midget impinger - nay be used for the eolloctlon of anaonium picrato, dinitrotoluene, tetryl, TNT, nitroglycerine, mercury fulminate, tracer bullet mixtures, fluorides, metal f\nes, chlorinated hydrocarbons and war gases. Tho tests after collection are indicated very briofly. Tho Shepherd bottle is used for collecting substances such as nitrogen oxides or benzono, as one type of a grab sampler. The electro static precipitator and the benzol Indicator aro discussed briefly, with mention of other spocid methods. . 95 Analysis of Atmospheric Contaminants Containing Nitrate Groupings. H. Yegoda and F.H. Goldman* J. Ind. Hyg. 4; Tox., 25, 440-444 (December, 1943). Methods are described'for tho estimation of nitroglycerine, PETH (pcntacrythritol tetranitrate), nitrous fumes, and ammonium nitrate in atmosphorcs arising from manufacturing processes. The analyses ara based on the nitration of m-xylenol in 62.5$ sulfuric ocid end the colorimetric determination of the nitro-xylenol isolated by a simple steam distillation. -- Authors' summary. ' *- Dust Measurement. W.Grundmrnn. Arch. tech.Mcsson Lfg. 126. T. 152,2 (1941) .(German) Dust measurement is possible with tho Tyndaliometcr by determination of the in tensity of the scattered light of the dusty etnosFhore. Calibration curves for the various sorts of dust must be made because the effects of size, form and op tical surface effects of the dust particles must be eliminated to secure an ------ -- -. /* *4 . er r ~ r* O t Tr *1 i O ^