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Cyanobacteria Assessme etwork for Freshwater Systems: Early warning indicator for toxic & nuisance blooms using Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA Tier 10 ED 002061 00174274-00001 HABs: Overall Problems Harmful algal blooms (HABs) have the potential to generate adverse health, ecosystem and economic impacts. Many different types of toxins Pure toxins in laboratory studies exert toxic effects on liver and nervous system Exposure through ingestion Exposure though recreational activity body contact--associated with gastrointestinal effects, breathing difficulty, skin irritation, and animal deaths > Water treatment facilities alter operational practices and/or invest in new equipment economic burden > Health effects beach closures -> loss of recreational/aesthetic value economic burden > Large blooms upset water chemistry (pH, dissolved oxygen) and limit the penetration of sunlight declines in fish populations loss of recreational/aesthetic value economic burden, long term ecosystem damage > Large blooms are odorous and unsightly reluctance to swim economic burden Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA Tier 10 ED 002061 00174274-00002 virEPA HABs: Overall Problems During the 2017 bloom season, US EPA was aware of blooms, beach closures and/or health advisories in 27 states and DC. Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA Tier 10 ED 002061 _00174274-00003 &EPA Cyanobacteria Assessment Network https://www.epa.gov/water-research/cyanobacteria-assessment-network-cyan Program Vision Statement * CyAN will use NASA, USGS, NOAA and European Space Agency satellite data products to improve the decision-making ability of water managers responsible for monitoring and assessing both freshwater and estuarine systems. Using the CyAN app, managers and the public will have the opportunity to access satellite imagery on their mobile device and view a map of their surroundings in terms of water quality. 4 Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA Tier 10 ED 002061 00174274-00004 Cyanobacteria Assessment Network Problem: How to support the use of US waters with satellite monitoring? Opportunity: Water quality indicators can be monitored with satellites and used to protect public health. Approach: Strengthen cross-agency research to mainstream satellite capabilities for water quality management decisions. Results: New methods and tools to monitor cyanobacteria HABs. Impact: Scalable information across any geo-political boundary, and ability to prioritize locations for management actions. Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA Schaeffer et al. 2015. Agencies collaborate, develop a cyanobacteria assessment network. Eos. 96:16-20. Tier 10 ED 002061 00174274-00005 vvEPA : . Cyanobacteria Assessment Network JWew England Partners Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA Tier 10 ED 002061 00174274-00006 Remote Sensing Uniform and systematic approach for identifying cyanobacteria blooms. Derive numerical models which predict cyanobacteria abundance Sddhtc 2000 1500 1000 500 0 Measured Satellitederived Retrieve satellite data from lakes and reservoirs Ifi-s .ii d5td x l i M i 'i M i d u HH. Validate predictions using data from state environmental and health agencies Present validated results in a meaningful format. MERIS = Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA Tier 10 ED 002061 00174274-00007 5 jra* Satellite Application to 1 30 RSME = 1.2 MAE = 0.88 3 R2 = 0.93 y ' ' . Water Indicators I 20 N = 145 (measured vs model results) 10 Problem: How do we quantify water quality in smaller lakes? 0 10 20 30 secchi depth measured (m) Action: Testing Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 satellite algorithms. Results: Some promise with chlorophyll-o and water clarity; excellent results with temperature. -i Anticipated Impact: Provide measures from 1980- " \rv i - 5 present for 170,240 lakes and reservoirs. 7 SJ NTS ' ' *< s Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA f# .** # M il m M IK im I - Keith et ai. (2017). Monitoring algal blooms in drinking water reservoirs using the Landsat 8 Operational land Imager. International Journal of Remote Sensing. 38:9, 2818-2846 Tier 10 ED 002061 00174274-00008 Android Phone Application Cyanobacteria estimates derived from European Sentinal-3 satellite Populate database that can be accessed by Android app (1) View available data (2) Zoom to targeted lake or reservoir... see stats on bloom (3) View image of harmful algae bloom 9 Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA Tier 10 ED 002061 00174274-00009  w I m. *J Pr % Actions and Impact: Utah Lake, UT Utah Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ)/Division of Water Quality (DWQ) conducted routine monthly sampling June 12, 2017. C A N imagery provided the following week indicated a bloom was developing in a Utah lake used for recreation. Sentinel-2 image showing an algal bloom in Provo Bay. June 18, 2017 July 3, 2017 Utah DEQ/DWQ scientists returned to the area June 22, 2017. On June 29, Utah DEQ issued an advisory warning that the public and pets should stay out of Utah Lake and Provo Bay. Sentinel-3 image showing areas of highest cyanobacteria concentrations. Satellite remote sensing data provided by ORB augmented state monitoring and ensured public health and safety Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA Tier 10 ED 002061 00174274-00010 Contacts Darryl Keith Atlantic Ecology Division US EPA Office of Research and Development 401- 782-3135 *The CyAN Mobile App is currently available for if interested please contact: Blake Schaeffer US EPA Office of Research and Development 919- 541-5571 11 Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA Tier 10 ED 002061 00174274-00011