Document dQ22BkELQMqwZbZ2EzBq6go19
W iS C0 N S PMOASDTI S CO NP r, I WC F1 F-5O3 X7 077 S* 47 5C4 0
FINAL REPORT
AR71G-0323 ' VI ! ni 'r-.Nii m; >: f 'in.'riv<
Roger 6. Perkins, PhD 3M Toxicology Services Building 220-2E-02 St. Paul, MN 55144-1000
HWI Number: 40200468
Study Title:
Acute Oral Toxicity Study of T-5898 in Rats (OECD Guidelines)
Signed:
StevenTT. Glaza Study Director Acute Toxicology
Date
005742
Pirone
6 0 r<- 2 4 1 - 4 4 7 1
F' ;i
t; - ( . ; \ 1 2 \> 1
H O E X P R E S S - Id A i L D E L I V E R Y : 3 3 0 1 K I N S M A N B O U l E V A R D, M A D I 0 i-J. \V i i, C O N J T 7 _ K s T T
HWI Number: 40200468 Sample: T-5898
Acute Toxicology Steven M. Glaza Study Director Manager Steven R. Sorenson Study Coordinator Patricia Padgham In-life Supervisor Rose M. Bridge Report Supervisor
Page 2
KEY PERSONNEL
Laboratory Animal Medicine Cindy J. Cary, DVM Dipl ornate, ACLAM Supervisor
Anatomical Pathology Thomas E. Palmer, PhD Anatomical Pathologist Deborah L. Pirkel/ Jack Serfort Supervisors Necropsy Anne Mosher Supervisor Pathology Data
CONTENTS
Key Personnel Objective Test Material Test System Procedures Summary of Results Discussion References Pathology Report Appendix - Raw Data
Page
2 3 3 3 4 6 13 13 14 15
005743
HWI Number: 40200468 Sample: T-5898
Page 3
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to assess the acute oral toxicity produced when the test material is administered by the oral route (gavage) to rats.1
TEST MATERIAL
Identification
The test material was identified as T-5898 and described as a clear, lightyellow liquid.
Purity and Stability
The Sponsor assumes responsibility for purity and stability determinations (including under test conditions).
Storage and Retention
The test material was stored at room temperature. Any unused test material will be returned to the Sponsor after issuance of the final report according to Hazleton Wisconsin (HWI) Standard Operating Procedure (SOP).
Safety Precautions
The test material handling procedures were according to HWI SOPs and policies.
TEST SYSTEM
Test Animal
Adult albino rats of the Crl:CD(SD)BR strain were procured from Charles River Laboratories, Inc. and maintained at the Hazleton Wisconsin facility at 3802 Packers Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin. Animal husbandry and housing at HWI comply with standards outlined in the "Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals".2 The animals were separated by sex, housed in temperature- and humidity-controlled quarters, provided continuous access to Laboratory Rodent Diet #5001, PMI Feeds, Inc., and water, and held for an acclimation period of at least 7 days. The feed is routinely analyzed by the manufacturer for nutritional components and environmental contaminants. Samples of the water are periodically analyzed by HWI. There were no known contaminants in the feed or water that would have interfered with or affected the results of the study.
005744
HWI Number: 40200468 Sample: T-5898
Page 4
Ten male and 10 female acclimated rats, weighing from 225 to 280 g, were assigned to two treatment groups of 500 and 5,000 mg/kg of body weight. Each dose level consisted of five male and five female rats. Animals were group housed by sex and identified by animal number and corresponding ear tag
throughout the study. Food and water were available ad libitum, except for an
overnight period before test material administration when food, but not water, was withheld. If variations from the required temperature and humidity conditions existed, they were documented and considered to have had no adverse effect on the study outcome.
Justification for Species Selection
Historically, rats have been used as a representative of a rodent species and are preferred by various regulatory agencies.
PROCEDURES
Preparation and Administration of Test Material
The undiluted test material was administered by gavage using a bulk density determination of 1.13 g/mL to determine the dose volume for each dose level. An individual dose was calculated for each animal based on its fasted body weight.
Reason for Route of Administration
Historically, the oral route has been the route of choice for administering a known amount of test material.
Observations
Clinical observations and mortality checks were conducted at approximately 1, 2.5, and 4 hours after test material administration. Additional clinical observations and twice a day mortality checks (morning and afternoon) were conducted daily thereafter for 14 days.
Body weights were determined before test material administration (Day 0). Additional body weights were determined at Day 7, at termination of the experimental phase (Day 14), or at death when survival exceeded 1 day.
005745
HWI Number: 40200468 Sample: T-5898
Page 5
Patholoq v
At termination of the experimental phase, surviving animals were euthanized. All animals, whether found dead during the study or euthanized, were subjected to an abbreviated gross necropsy examination and any abnormalities were recorded. After necropsy, the animals were discarded and no tissues were saved.
Statistical Analyses
No statistical analyses were required by the protocol.
Location of Raw Data. Records, and Final Report
The raw data, records, and a copy of the final report will be retained in the archives of HWI in accordance with HWI SOP.
005746
HWI Number: 40200468 Sample: T-5898
Page 6
SUMMARY OF RESULTS
Test Animal: Albino Rats - Crl:CD(SD)BR Source: Charles River Laboratories, Inc., Portage, MI Date Animals Received: 01/14, 01/28, 2/04, and 02/25/94
Experimental Start Date: 02/22/94 Experimental Termination Date: 03/23/94
Estimated Oral LDS0 : Male - Between 500 and 5,000 mg/kg of Body Weight Female - Between 500 and 5,000 mg/kg of Body Weight
Animal Number
C29181 C29232 C29184 C29234 C29190
Mean
C27615 C28047 C28043 C28070 C28050
Mean
Individual Body Weights (g)
Day 0 Weiaht
Day 7_____
Weiaht
Gain*
Dav 14
Weiaht
Gain*
Males (500 ma/kal
267 224 -43 319
52
274 302 28 382 108
253 284 31 354 101
280 312 32 390 110
257 289 32 353
96
266 282 16 360
93
Females J 500,mg/kg)
241 228 -13 261
20
230 225
-5 255
25
225 180 -45 (131)8 -
232 207 -25 239
7
238 225 -13 250
12
233 213 -20 251
13
* Gain from the Day 0 body weight.
() Value in parentheses is the body weight at the time the animal was found dead. Superscript number indicates day of death. This number was not considered when calculating the mean.
Not applicable.
005747
HWI Number: 40200468 Sample: T-5898
Page 7
Animal Number
C28621 C28613 C28598 C28619 C28625
Mean
C28099 C28117 C28118 C28104 C28120
Mean
Individual Body Weights (g)
Day 0 Weiaht
Dav 7
Weiaht
Gain*
Dav 14
Weiaht
Gain*
Males 15.000 ma/kal
269 (203)' 271 (228)3 266 t e 267 (215)' 271 (234)2
_ * -
-
-
-- -- -
269 -
--
Females 15.000 ma/kal
246 (209)'
250 (235)
267 (238)
267
(235)
.-
255 (225)z
257 --
-
-
-
-
__
-
-
-
* Gain from the Day 0 body weight.
f Animal was found dead on the day of dosing. No body weight required.
() Value in parentheses is the body weight at the time the animal was found dead. Superscript number indicates day of death. This number was not considered when calculating the mean.
Not applicable.
748
HWI Number: 40200468 Sample: T-5898
Page 8
Individual Clinical Signs
Animal Number Observation
C29181 Appeared normal Thin appearance
C29232 Appeared normal C29184 Appeared normal C29234 Appeared normal
Soft stool C29190 Appeared normal
______Hour
___________________________ D a ^
1.0 2.5 4.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Mal es f500 mo/kol
Ifi U
/
/
/ / /- _ - - -
-
- " --
- - - / /
/ / / / / / / /
/ / / / / / / /
/ - / // V / - -/
/ / / / / / / /
12 li li
/// --
// // /
//
Females (500 mo/kol
C27615
Appeared normal Red-stained face Thin appearance
Alopecia rear quarters
/ / - - / - - - /
---
" / / / / /
- - - - "-
// / / / / / /
C28047 Appeared normal
/ / / / / / / / / / /
C28043 Appeared normal Red-stained face
/ / - - / - - _ / - - *- /
Hypoactivity
- - - - - - - --
Thin appearance
- - - - - - - -" /
Hunched posture
" - - - - - - --
Aggressive behavior
Found dead
C28070 Appeared normal
/ / / / // / / / / / /
C28050 Appeared normal Red-stained face
/ - // /
/// -
/ Condition existed. - Condition not evident.
005749
HWI Number: 40200468 Sample: T-5898
Individual Clinical Signs (Continued)
Animal Number Observation
C28621
Appeared normal Red-stained face Hypoactivity Found dead
C28613
Appeared normal Red-stained face Hunched posture Red nasal discharge
Staggered gait Hypoactivity Dyspnea Miosis
Found dead (after clinical
observation)
C28598
Appeared normal Miosis
Hypoacti ve Clear nasal
discharge Found dead
C28619
Appeared normal Red-stained face Hypoactivity Found dead
C28625
Appeared normal Red-stained face Dark-stained
urogenital area
Found dead
______Hour
___________________________ Day.
1.0 2.5 4.0 1 2 3 4 5 I 1
Males (5.000 ma/ka)
/ - - - - - - - - / / / - -- - - - - - / // - -
/ / - -- - - - - - - -/
- - - - - - - - - -/
- - - - -/ - - - - - - - - - -/
-
_ -/ -
- - -
- --
-
- - ---
- //
- - - - --
" - - ---
/ - --
- - -/ - - - -/
/ Condition existed. - Condition not evident.
Page 9
]2 13 14
005750
HWI Number: 40200468 Sample: T-5898
Page 10
Animal Number Observation
C28099
Appeared normal
Red-stained face Miosis
Hypoactivity Found dead
C28117
Appeared normal
Soft stool Yellow-stained
urogenital area Red-stained face
Lacrimati on Hypoactivity Found dead
C28118
Red-stained face Dark staining
around eyes Hypoactivity Yellow-stained
urogenital area Found dead
C28104
Appeared normal Red-stained face Yellow-stained
urogenital area Staggered gait Hunched posture Found dead
(after clinical observations)
C28120
Appeared normal Red-stained face Hunched posture Hypoactivity Miosis Found dead
(after clinical observations)
/ Condition existed. - Condition not evident.
Individual Clinical Signs (Continued)
______ Hour
___________________________ Day_____________
1.0 2.5 4.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Females (5.000 mg/ka)
/
--
-
-/ / /
-/ / -
/. - - -
/-
-/ - -/ -
/ / -/ -/ ./
/- - -
/ - --
/ / /. -
-/ /_ .
-/
/ --
- / //
- / -/
-
751
HWI Number: 40200468 Sample: T-5898
Page 11
Individual Pathology Comments Dose Level: 500 mg/kg of Body Weight
Animal
Test Dav
Number Sex Died Sacrificed NecroDsv Observation
C29181
M
-
14 No visible lesions.
C29232
M
-
14 No visible lesions.
C29184
M
-
14 No visible lesions.
C29234
M
--
14 No visible lesions.
C29190
M
-
14 No visible lesions.
C27615
F
-
14 There is alopecia on both hind limbs 60 x 35 mm.
C28047
F
-
14 No visible lesions.
C28043
F
8
Due to the animal being cannibalized the spleen, pancreas, left kidney, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon were not found at necropsy.
C28070
F
-
14 No visible lesions.
C28050
F
-
14 Each horn of the uterus is filled with a clear fluid .
0 0 5 752
HWI Number: 40200468 Sample: T-5898
Page 12
Individual Pathology Comments Dose Level: 5,000 mg/kg of Body Weight
Animal
Test Dav
Number Sex Died Sacrificed NecroDsv Observation
C28621
M
7
-
No visible lesions.
C28613
M
3
- No visible lesions.
C28598
M
0
- There is red ocular discharge in both eyes.
C28619
M
5
There is a tan, moist abraded area on the dorsal cervical region, 15 x 10 mm.
C28625
M
2
The perianal region is stained yellow. There is red nasal discharge. The nonglandular mucosa of the stomach has multiple dark red areas, pinpoint and up to 1 mm in diameter.
C28099
F
5
- No visible lesions.
C28117
F
2
The perianal region is stained yellow. There is red nasal discharge. The nonglandular mucosa of the stomach has multiple dark red areas, pinpoint and up to 1 mm in diameter.
C28118
F
3
- No visible lesions.
C28104
F
2
- The perianal region is stained yellow. There is red nasal discharge. The nonglandular mucosa of the stomach has multiple dark red areas, up to 3 x 1 mm. The thymus has multiple dark red areas, up to 1 mm in diameter.
C28120
F
2
- The perianal region is stained yellow.
HWI Number: 40200468 Sample: T-5898
Page 13
DISCUSSION
The acute oral toxicity of T-5898 was evaluated in male and female rats when administered as a single gavage dose at levels of 500 and 5,000 mg/kg of body weight. Based on the observed mortality, the estimated oral LDS0 for male and female rats was determined to be between 500 and 5,000 mg/kg. Clinical signs of toxicity included thin appearance, hunched posture, hypoactivity, aggressive behavior, staggered gait, red-stained face, clear or red nasal discharge, miosis, lacrimation, dark staining around eyes, dyspnea, soft stool, yellow- or dark-stained urogenital area, alopecia (rear quarters), and death. All mortality occurred within 8 days of test material administration. Six of the 10 animals treated at 500 mg/kg exhibited body weight losses of 5 to 45 g during the first week of the study. Page 14 contains a pathology report by the study pathologist.
REFERENCES
1. "Acute Oral Toxicity," Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development's Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals, Section 401 (adopted
May 12, 1981).
2. NIH Publication No. 86-23 (revised 1985).
005754
HWI Number: 40200468 Sample: T-5898
Page 14
PATHOLOGY REPORT
There were 10 rats (five males and five females) each from dose levels of 500 and 5,000 mg/kg, necropsied. All animals given 5,000 mg/kg and one female from the group given 500 mg/kg died on test (DOT). The remaining surviving animals were euthanized and necropsied at the termination of the study. The dose level, day of death, and gross observations recorded for each animal are in the Individual Pathology Comments that precede this report.
At necropsy, most of the changes observed were in the animals that died on test. Brown stains in the perianal region and red nasal discharge were indicative of acute death. All other changes in these animals were attributed to post mortem autolysis. The alopecia and fluid filled uterine horns observed in two of the females surviving to study termination were considered incidental findings and unrelated to the test material. There were no visible lesions in any of the remaining animals in either group.
Pathologist
(40200468.Ihm) 041194
Date
005755
HWI Number: 40200468 Sample: T-5898
APPENDIX Raw Data
Page 15
t e s 756
PERSONNEL SIGNATURE SHEET ACUTE TOXICOLOGY
HWI :
Name
Job Title
Signature
Initiais
Rose M. Bridge
Report Supervisor
^ B
Anthony Cass
Lab Animal Technician
.Q>dftur)u<__Conn*.
Cindy J. Cary, DVM
Lab Animal Veterinarian
Donna J. Clemons, DVM, MS Lab Animal Veterinarian
John A. Disch Charles W. Fritz
Lab Animal Caretaker Lab Animal Technician
U/i
Kari Garfoot
Lab Animal Technician
Steven M. Glaza
Manager
Kevin Grossman
Lab Animal Caretaker
Jeff Hicks Sharen L. Howery
Lab Animal Technician Research Assistant
Si
Wayne A. Madison
Supervisor
lL oj.f t .
Doug McConnell
Lab Animal Technician
Eileen McConnell
Staff Assistant
Bud McDonald
Study Coordinator
_ c^i-
Albert Oleson Patricia Padgham
Lab Animal Caretaker In-life Supervisor
j m D J & ~ n ________ O _
__ L
Steven R. Sorenson
Study Coordinator
Annette R. Turner
Staff Assistant
Tamra L. Walker
Staff Assistant
JZL
Lana M. Weeden
H t a M e r M- Udibev'
Staff Assistant
Uh rftud
Lj- 7)/Mm 2. j&L
Noykc-x
VoQ w m i C a r e W e r ~~~
0 "1
(G2/10-06-93)
005757
DOSE ADMINISTRATION/BO^WEIGHT/MORTALITY RECORD
HWI No. :H 'D c U ) Lf <&
Study Type: Acute Oral Toxlcltv
Route of Administration: Oral Savage
Test Material: .
*5~Dose Level:
OO (ma/ka) Species/Source Strain: Rat/Crl:CD*BR
Vehicle: J \J f
__ Initiated 1n Room No.: / D 2 .
Date Received: /~/7 0~3S--H Fasted Date/TIme/Tech:
/iIt'lO / C l
M l aauoe
Sex:(Mala/Female
Dose T1me/Tech: From JO / To lO lo H / C . 7
Animal Number
C2~
Prefasted Body Weight (g)
Fasted Body Weight (g)
7/S7 j\jn ay
Actual Dose (mL)
1 0,10.
72 so
3 -7 Y O ,1 0 l
i i
ass an
<703? ? / ? o \
L&
043. O . l i
\
j Technician Date m y -
C l 13 -f
jScale U s e d
NA I
------------
C l 3-1 C O 2 3 /3 3 0
C l 3 -f vTW
Day 7 Body Weight (g)
300. 1
>27
\
c?
3-/4 < Z a ^ 4 3 3 0
Day 14 Body Weight (g)
3 / 7 3S2_ 3SV 310 353 I \ C l
3 2 3 C03-/33D
Dead Body Weight (g)
|
NA NA
NA
Sex: Male/female'}
Oose T1me/Tech: From lO / S To O H / C M
Animal Number
CO--- w s m i m 3 \ % O lO m o
Cl T T
NA
Prefasted Body Weight (g)
AlA ____
--------------- 7
Fasted Body Weight (g)
\ ^ i f 330 2 2 5 2 3 a 03%
3 - 1 CO'3U3-133o
Actual Dose (mL)
o . u 040 040 040 O . l o
Cl
3 - 7 J W J-*)-4/
Day 7 Body Weight (g) Oay 14 Body Weight (g)
a o s f * O p S ** i% )c l 3 0 7
24/ a s s
POLUJO OEJX> 2 3 1
32^ 3S O
_ 3-U C D Z 13-30 3 0 3 100S4330
Dead Body Weight (g)
etA -rm 12& -,
NA NA \ NA
... "- -MORTALITY(NUMBERDIED/NUMBERDOSED) i --.---,r Hours _8_St7_udyDS_ay8_ 10 l 12 113 14iC' 0-4c-? Sex
i
AM PM AM PM AM PM AM PM AM PM AM PM AM PM 1 AM PM AM PM AM PM AM PM AM PM AM PM AM Total
G Male GO Female
Technician
T ime
Date 7 1 /
M a9 s \ 9s %
te l te 9s
cj\ b?C l
NA
3/?
7,`of, 3//o
is* %
% t e
7s 9k
ClCl
7/sWio
w
%
*/s
J }/ to*
%
W A
S
% 7k \j7 %
/
.& $
7s
te
ci 7&)
% % Cl
i%i-r.
te jk Cl Tr
3t e
7s (Ll }sm s
k
%1C
fs Cl
r-ts
tL
'If fa
&
% Cl q
te te te te c i Cl
#5S & f/s
caaau
% %
fa
3A
% 7*
%%
fa fa
IV* If* A
is te /s 9k iC c / pii
4^036 j
f s % %> % h 7s C.l \t=f C l i$:/7 V:sbf i %(
A 7 s te\7 s C l\ C 7 4;s\ NA M Ik
NA Not applicable. (02/10-18-93)
Final data review by/Date: f1c
VJ
INDIVIDUAL CLINICAL SIGNS
HMI No.: i M C H #
(026/09-22-93)
Final data review by/Date:
Qc f l - S H A 'i
Dose 1evel; S O Q M<oy! k</o Test material:
INDIVIDUAL CLINICAL SIGNS
HWI Ho.: 4t Q U O n H A K
< A7r:J+lUf ACUtJC3L-M/J7Db--eB^aW&&tfQ= fr =? 3-11-9*+ <SCCejjEa~70AJ ^ 'SP&-U*y, &bsa. ^=\ 3 - 1 Q - + +
(026/09-22-93)
I
Housing of animals:
Individual.
. / Group and separated
by sex.
Technician C 9
Date
3-9-7/
Surviving animals
submitted for terminal
necropsy.
Technician ?
Date
3-33- f Y
Surviving animals designated for sacrifice and discard. Technician _ D a t e _______
NA Not applicable. / Condition exists. - Condition not evident. * Found dead, P.N. check.
Final data review by/Date: CXC /
DOSE ADMINSTRATI0N/BQJ7^WEIGHT/MORTALITY RECORD
HWI No .M l D H t
Study Type: Acute Oral Toxicity
T - s m /I/A______________ ___Test Material:
_______________________________________________________________ Vehicle:
Route of Administration: Oral Gayane Initiated in Room No.:
Dose Level: ^ O O O fmq/ka) Specles/Source Strain: Rat/Crl:CD*BR
Oate Received: /~ 3 lS '.3 -- * / - * } V Fasted Date/T1me/Tech: 3 - 3 / / l ,*//!> / CrA
Sex:^Male^Female Animal Number
Fasted Body Weight (g) Actual Dose (ml) Day 7 Body Weight (g)
Dose Time/Tech: From
&A*/3/j3a--/\J]S/3 \S3?8 S? 37/ a j. 3. Ua i*3-
fie n d fed
To IA'&iC? <?7/ \
\A3\4JO.d
!Technician
c?
C9
=2J-a-Doaa2t2xe33~1--C-S--c0-a-l-3e--S"UL-s/e-3d.3/-0$-D71I
3-3.3
Day 1A Body Weight (g) Dead Body Weight (g) Sex: Male^femaie)
cI m i 5ts-^ylIa--?y
J
M
3 .j302
Dose Time/Tech:
From U/SV
\33<f SSTo//* !
___
\
NA
NA
NA
Animal Number
CJtM"
Prefasted Body Weight (g)
MMnA-
ffl/7
m
KlV filcAO
Fasted Body Weight (g)
\W( aso 7\2(7 2S 3 k
Actual Oose (ml) Day 7 Body Weight (g) Day 14 Body Weight (g)
ly/AJihW&&7/KitfA*y
hi. j
1, 3- 1A
52*7/ 14^
At j
fed
iv-fy
Oead Body Weight (g)
93<> 2 3 S \3&5 \3QJS
c y \3l-30- NA
J
c? d?
Cott33> j
3-30 oyverit lea
j
--
NA NA
NA
i needle / 3 in. x
oauoe
s/ 'c.isL-a&jrt
NA Not applicable. (02/10-18-93)
Final data review by/Date:
Dose level :S O O m o / o
INDIVIDUAL CLINICAL SIGNS
Test material: 7 ~~~8?8
HWI No.; H/)^.00*16%_____
*f I
INDIVIDUAL CLINICAL SI6HS
Dose level: 5000r/\<t)ka Test material:. T-sm
HWI No.: HOZuDoitZ
Page
of i L _
&s$00
D50/09-27-93)
NA Not applicable. / Condition exists. - Condition not evident. * Found dead, P.M. check.
Final data review by/Date:
i/s / ^ - 5 - Q U
Hwi No .-.J2zJH&_______
Vw'
INDIVIDUAL CLINICAL SIGNS
poge. /0-foL
Dose 1evel ; ^r^f'Jkj) Test materlal : T~~5
= Mai e/Femal e~)
Animal
Number Observation
Appeared normal
ffcd r e -
c ff
/iltoZuS, /fy/Vsfc771/~
J7
$H1
Appeared normal
SoAt Stool _____ )kJlevsrtJneAoroGvikda
f a j S -fo ln e J fJJox.
Lojcrimaih/n/) HyPoachye
Aboearedni___
^rfiVe.
M S s s j TM pUda&J
h io ii
Appeared normal
AW .CfewieJ&&.
Y d !ok/ s i*J r \z * tu -
Hu/xcA^a pozHjlXZ. DtcLjnQjH)
Appeared normal
Rtd s-taJnzJ fXJZ~ fty-adi^ A 11 IwQtLds.
fiV *1
Technician
oO Date
(0(Ay/09-22-93)
$
Housing of animals:
l\JA Individual.
__/ Group and separated by sex.
Technician C ? _ Date
Surviving animals submitted for terminal necropsy.
Technician A/A D a t e _______ A/A
Surviving animals designated for sacrifice and discard.
Technician AJA D a t e _____ AJA ~
NA Not applicable. / Condition exists. - Condition not evident. * Found dead, P.M. check.
Final data review by/Date:
IS\ -5^ - Q Q
u
INDIVIDUAL CLINICAL SIGHS
Dose 1evel:& 0 O O \nni!k? Test material:. T-S&g
HWI No.:
Page 3l of <3.
