Document by8Og2MqdEVjzGGmK99yaNqoy

I? 1 fc k- t- ?- i, i'" & r r I if Z-. I i'; .j 1 April 16, 1973 BOBJtCT: lead Hagarlna Tolane 36. Ho. 1-g, 1973 TO THX MMBR3 07 THI 1XAD HOHBIMP ASSOCIATE*, IK. J It la oar plaaeura to attach, for your rarlav, a copy of tba lataat laaaa of Lead Magaxlna, Toluna 36, Bo. 1*2, 1973* Tba prlat ordar for lead Magazlna la 95,000 coplaa par lasua, and LXA'a circulation Hat la orar 78,000, vhlch Includea archltacta, anglseara, building contractor*, plwbera, design anglnaara, chedcal engineer*, caraalst*, toxicologist*, doctor*, and painter*. In addition, 15,000 coplaa art distributed in Australia, Britain and Cuiada. If you vould Ilkt to ht*t additional copiaa of thin publication far distribution to your t*ff or customer* # ple** do not beaitat# to cootoot at* Very truly youroj * LEAD UCDCBTRIES ASSOCIATION IBC, RA:ca Attach. H. Asaadl Manager of Aaaoelatlcn Sarrlcaa I % N 3494 \ N 3494.01 THE VOICE OF AN INDUSTRY Aww itiiMwloa bi brrtt added lo tW AaaocktiMi'l rantMmic(iti program tbt* ynf. Far 6* (nl Umr we Kara mUrkrd upou an odwflialof effort di* rwlri to colVgr rngioerring etadrota, We rta( tbraa to bon tbr po*4ti*+ role trad playa fai our kduMlo|kal odrty: lend** rootributioo* in krmiiira.pfa>o bilfb . tm rg pry Und-I'r power, aaicwU'mtpuUr pout* yv term, Mxmd ttlmuatio*, x-ray ebirlding, toead explora tion, coffinMmirnlkmn. TV com ml ILZRO propel at tW KHodc lUfld Vlwol of Drug* on dv marrpt of a lead/ lint home tie (briar of ooe wd) ad. It i* appropri ately headlined: ~A Home for lb* Future in a Lumber* bon World*. We beJieee that many changes for lo* morrow arr tarubating ta the college* of today. Not to ddmo ourtrlitt lo these ragiarrr* of (be firfur* would be a arrioua axrrMgbl a ,1 Ih QUIET JUSTICE REIGNS AT QUEBEC JUSTICE BUILDING If a judge prodding evtr court pro* crvding* In MontreaT# new Palais dr Justice building issue* an order for **ail<a in tiv court**, be rm do oo know* kg dvM noise be b bearing la ooming from kukV bU courtroom rather than fnm euUidr source*. In bd, all work* inf area* of the gleaming 17-story stcei, glss* and marble building** working arena --courtrooms judges* after*, jury rooms, general offim, conference room*, etc.---are designed ao that noise from aor area till not pom through adjoin, kg walk or pariit tom. The result: the Palais dr Justice, which bouar* (be De partment of Justice for the Province of Quebec, in probably the quirteal court buQdkg pH builL Pro in dm, of the Montreal arrbb Ht firm of David & Botdva, wbo dr* aignrd the building. says the Palate de Joticr represent* a timic rumple of the wide variety of *ow control trek aitpm (hot can hr designed into a building to insure that b uorikg arena are aa quirt a* pooilfr. He added that | thia rould only be accomplished by carefully arlrdkg materiala that wdl dvr rark aoitr control problem that might he mfwiirtrtfd wbea the buildkg it completed and k *w. Joba HiftmLrand, project coordtna lor for Front Patella, Inc., Mowtrsol. partition* roolrartor for the PalaU de Justice, report* that abeet lead solved the mart critical sound control problem* encountered k constructing Je build* kg. lie says *brC lead was uoed to soundproof the top* of pariitlone and walk, aa one of the material* used to construct aouadproof multi material partition*, nod to boOd round barrier* k aectton* of the building** beating and cooling affirm. The use of abert lead to construct a found barrier for tbr build* kg*f bralkg and cooling system la one of tbr mart uaueual applications. Tbr iptrn ettenda around the per* barter of the building and i* eneioard k an open abert metal booaing that run* along It* entire lenglk. Tbr ahrrt mrtal boo*kg and the pipro, rent* and con vertor* k enclose* provided a found channrl for noise la travel up and down the length of the boilding and into rock room. The architects therefore decided to install a trfiro of arowatieal baftr* at the partkion tine of rock after to flop none k one room from traveling kto an adjoining room HiOenbrand report* (hot 2 pf abert lead wa* used for the feveraJ hundred beating and cooling sys tem acoortical baflo* rrpiind for the project. Each hale measured about t^g ft high and 15 k. to 18 in. deep. The abert lead acoustical bafllro were k* flailed in conjunction wkh the parti* Uon* that form the walk of the various after*. A combination of the sheet lead acoustical bsBe* and the material uaod to roortrwrt the partitions provided an krtafted Sound TransmUabm Cka* ISTC) rating of 45. There also are nearly 90 ecurtro ones k the Palais dr Jartice. Sbert lend plenum barriers for the partitions of these rooms are about 2 fL high and Mai aifout 00 fL long wbea installed over the top of each waft. One of the most unosual applications for abert bad wo* ka use k budding a sound barrier above the walk of thr Palais de Justice Grande Court. It is a Urge, drams*ic room tkl feature* stepped spectator aeoting; a court that to arranged around landscaped currod and rectangular tablro rather than k a traditional judge/jury bo* arrangement; and sweeping, curved wall*. The chert lead plenum barrier installed above the curved waft* is nearly 3 ft. high and about 175 ft. long. Appeoiimatrfy 100,0(0 square fert of 1 and 2 p*f ahrrt Wad were required for tbr Palais dc Justice projtrt. m samtm s F Mir c. INDUSTRIAL NOISE APPLICATIONS LEAD HELPS UTILITY SOLVE TOUGH COMMUNITY RELATIONS PROBLEM: NOISE l1 le only a trained acourtieal angi- operating temperature* of the aqulp* am ran fully understand the highly n*|4rt none rotrirol situation* en- moot; and it had to be capable of pro* 'iding aa adequate degree of sound rounlefed at LILCD4* Northport plant, attenuation for both high and very Ugh h tan be stated that they evolved aoW level* *ince they were not eon. around the fullowlag cause*: airfetil throughout all section* of the equipment to he endoaed. e Induced draft faa equipment that waa being installed to improve the ef ficiency of the brt two potnt genera* lion unit*. The equipment and it* ar* erwory ductwork waa ao big that k rowId art be law*ailed inside the (tower plant of etcher unit and for that reason hen the Loaf (Und Lighting Com* Wp4AV ^erMrd to build a new power the exceedingly itoity sounds emanating frun the equipment were traveling generation plant Northport, N. Y, Itthroughout the community. loci particular care to iauirr that ikr To help lobf the multiple problem* encountered In meeting the *U con* trol requirement* for the new equip* men* bring installed at ha Northport plan*. L1LG0 turned to Tmnaco, a loading BUMladurrf of thermal iwulstim pand*. Transeo, which ha* foataOrd thermal insulation panel* at more fVa SO electrical powar plant* throughout the country, worked with LILCO eap* iartallaUoa m oar f Che quietest hi ibr utility industry. The rraaoa: The Ulsty'i Northport power plant h W- rounded by i friibwtitl ccouacaity that w mitry-liLf quirt . . . quirt that sound Inrb that would be occrpted without question hi tcvrt midritul area* adjacent to industrial ubt would teem ncmivth load. r To oh the problem. Loaf Idaad Lighting Company developed strict acdse nwtrd qci(K*lK lor the firrt two power generation saiu that were ia- Called at the plant Not only were the f watts rnlinp and floort inside the to power generation unit* covered with tound-deadening material*, but the buildings bousing Ibe equipment abe s***/ *<*e * i UlCC sww aw* mm w were rndoerd la similar material*. It waa for them reaaoaa thaC the utilky encountered no community relation* a Induced draft faa equipment that was being installed a* original equip* mmt (>4 the third power generation unit nears to develop die combination ther mal/ecou*teal panel system. It was used for the first time mi LILCO** North- problem* involving none rebuking from that wa* Icing built. Because the power (tori plant and the manufacturer report* operation ol the )4ant. The company, plant deiga far the third unit wa* k ha* ainre been apedBed to solve known locally by il initial*. IJLCO, basically the same as the first two unit*, noise control problem* for other utflkie*. wanted to continue it* food neighbor h* induced draft faa equipment and Ita The durtwork and induced draft fan policy w ben it derided to add or* equip* accessory ductwork also had to be in* bousing for the first two power genera* arrt to improve the two exiting power tailed outside the unk's main power don units required about 20.000 aq. ft, pomliod unita. At the tame time, plant. Exceedingly noisy sound* were of panels. They were delivered in pm* LILCO waa building a new, third power emanating from the equipment in much cut sixes ready for irut*Ration. This generation unit and the utility wanted the same manner a* ia (he first two considerably reduced installation Oort* it to be aa quirt aa the brat two unita. unita, }*ft the noi*e wa* intensified and and decreased equipment dnsrtiMm* la doing ao, the utility apent many amplified because the third unit induded while the two unit* were being modified. hour* monitoring noise level*, locating noise source* and investigating solution* to the overall noise problem. It waa eventually aolvcd by using single and the addition of a massive electrostatic prrripitator adjacent to the induced draft fan instillation. Several additional problem* had to he Use of the preen panel* also per* mitted the third unit to le readied for operational testing quicker than would have been pmaibir had the panels been doalde layer* of abrrt lead for the pri mary sound Inrtier of a newly de veloped combination artgatical/therma| overmme before the noi* barrier to rodose the noisy equipment could be installed: the pand uystrtn used to en- rut-to-siar In the field. Approximately S-VKD sq. ft. of panda were required to endowe the third unit. The accom panel ivitm that endow'd the ration* dose (hr equipment had to be able to panying line drawing show* how thl* noise aource*. withstand the approximately 450F waa arrompliahed. wmm m t rF 'expand the use of lead 9 FOAM/LEAD MACHINERY ENCL08URE8 HELP MEET 08HA NOI8E STANDARDS -J mWHiI waff awl It directly rv I sponsible for seeing tW plu( mIm IrrrU nrrt tUndardi set by dw 1970 Qorvpatiaoal Safety nl Hath! Act. PmM*s latocutlc riveters, ocsrw m* duans lathes wd many other wrfciiw eommonly wrd la metalworking na at ossr levels ahnr the 90db tUadard set by OSHA. Now machinery tttUw n> prrta arc off<TA| i range ol products to help solve tW pcoUrm. TW machinery cocJotitfta caa id^nr o retortions ol op lo 50db, drproiiA| oa Low carefully the enclosure is tastaBrd and tk oripMl ftow IrvHi mcorstrrd. TW emlosuns caa be cwtoaktiH to wW any trpr of machinery regard* In# of sue and confipiratioa. Porta caa W drtipd Into tW paorl tinkaua to prrmit Mock input and -output and, if 3 needed. 1 SpecUnV designed door COB be msUflrd to permit operators to rater tW cwWrr Standard-siae panels are aho available to ladlUate do* it*yoarselI io'w coatrol machinery enclosures. TW paak available ta standard 2 ft, s 4 ft, 2 ft i 8 ft and 4 ft x 4 ft lim, are applied with tW aluminum extrusion (raising to permit construction ol the tides and roofs of machinery v* < ta many eases k Is act possible Is radotr the complete machine Uciaw k must be accessible to tW operator. Here, k may be possihlr to Arad tbe fears aod other noise producing dnwsti and still have tW work station accessible. II this Is not possible, the rUr* oak caa be Isolated la a "room** or `Vat** made (rota leaded riayl plastic car* One typical sound enclosure system roosiSi of 1^ is. thick leod/Toani am* lerial; aa extruded aluaiaoai framing ystem; aad fist aluminum sheets, la gages ranging from 0.049 fat to 0.062 W. lor the exterior lace ol the paaeL TW trod acowsliral/foaai material consists of two sheet lewd septa, each weighing ^ psf (.0078 in. thick), that are sandwiched (a arourtical loam. Se lected because il meets IL41 regal** lions lor fire rrtardancy, tW acoustical loam wiQ not "dust out" or delaminate (rum the shert lead like some other material. la addition, the Irod/acoosti* cal loam tends to be srli-healing should workmen have to drill holes In tW panel, rg, lor electrical coudak. TW material encircles the coble aad lends to seal potential openings through which touod could travel. -t i A- r ELECTRICS REPLACE DIESEL-POWERED VEHICLES IN DEEPEST U.S. SALT MINE flflP} ack to dkr salt mines" is not just have been properly drilled and placed. diation aysteau haa to contend with,* D an espressiuo, but a w#y of tile Just as Important, the supervisors also be added. 1 i for the 225 of the Morton Sail Company M. PainrsviUr, Ohio. They work in the drrprt* salt ntM in ibe cheek to sre that the explosive* have been properly art before the work (ace is Uarted. Since the stork face bring A Mai of five battery powered ho are now U use at the mine. All five can transport four supervisors. One of the I'aMfd Sutra and they produce about blasted ran cover m much as 4.000 fL, curriers, A* largest of the five, feature* millK>n too# of rock sab a year. k b essential that supervisors be quickly a rear-mounted compartment that can be Tbr 2JOOO foot-derp mine, located on transported from oor point to another ward to haul parts and supplies. the ibR of Lake Erie about 30 niU long the work face. The vehicle* are standard ialntrial east of Orvrland. ({ a int bed of Until recently, supervisors at tbe models that Wave been fitted with wide- turk aall--an estimated 100.000 square Morton Company*# PsincwriUr salt mine turf tires ka order to Insure good trac n&n of k--that b Wimf to be the sere carried to and from the work face tion on thr floor of thr mine, which la Urpeat deposit of iU kind U the Wfii arena by dw-scl-powered personnel car covered with a Ain layer of coarse rock $ At MortosTa Painesvifle mine, rock salt b mined by tbe "room and pillar" riers. A maintenance crew, operating from an undrfground shop on the mlne*s sak crusting the same mksscr lo trac tion and sand. method. la lib mining technique. about working level, also utilises the carriers, "There w{0 continue to be a nerd for half the rock oak b removed from the la addition, the carriers were used to dirsef tractors to perform a number of ; Ub| face of the mine akib the deliver mall psrts to and from the henvy hauling and putting joU involved remainder b left U the form of ptQm mine*s store room and the bottom of thr In the everyday operation of the mine,** to support (he mine roof. To accomplih shaft, located about half a mile from explained Harkins. "However, It Is ex this. a 10 ft. deep undercut ia made the maintenance shop. pected that the electric whirlra wil at the U*e of the nock fare and a aerica The dtesd units hate now been re provide ns with an economical and bene of muhrple holes for explosives are me placed by battery-powered cars. Assis ficial means of replacing a number of chanically drilled the nay distance into tant mine manager John J. Harkins re our other dirarl tractors.* the fare of the sii The nock fare b ports tbaf one of the main reasons for The batteries used to power the small bi--ird at the end of a uri shift, pro making thr replacement with battery- est of the arw Vehicles are 6-voh. The A viding about 500 loos of rock sah to pwerrd units was to improve air qual batteries range In amps from 190 to 22S qp he processed by thr next work shift. ity at the working lr\rl of the mine. and, unlike automobile batteries, take Supervisory personnel play an in "The new tehidrs are quirt and pro repeated deep cycling, or charging and petMt rote in thr safe, efficient opera vide a sumrvhat more comfortable ride discharging. The largest of the five ve- tion of thr mine. One of their amt than the fmrl tractor* we still few foe Virb* is powered by a 36-voft, D.C. important joU is to constantly check our work force," Harkum said. "And trnc&ion-type motor which transmits the nock face to are dial it has been we especially like the fume-free aspects power to a worm gear differential - properly uadrreut at the base, and to in of the ekettle car* since they reduce the through a matched aet of three drive sure that the holes for thr explosives amount of diesel fumrv our mine ra brka. i Wca *mswfw<s mm wokw ms* * Wflrrw**w mm --r e*<t ty": THIS MOTORBOAT IS NO STINKPOT TV 4rti|arf of a nrw, battery-powered cnft, cilM (ke -Dectriir, think* kk boat offere a practical and plraeuraUr solution to the pollution problem. It pronto* to put norr plea err (or van praplr bock into pleasure koHiey This Is a timely development, brrito tV growing popularity of boat ing baa brought with it increasing complaint* about noise and water pollution. "A k4 of waterfront cocrununitia* art outlawing eUndard powwr boat*. Coneenatwwttoa and naturalist* are pressing bard far tougher la* prohibitiag noiar and pollution of tbe waterway* by inter nal combustion engine craft Our boat is designed to eliminate tbeae ptob* Irtm**, comtoenU Norman Branson, preaidrnt of tbe boat cumpany which pro* ducra tbe Dcctri Designed for trolling, tbe fiberglam boat ia also gaining acceptance for leisurely sightseeing, picnicking and cruising in light trafce waters. The Com pany reports that tbe boat la u*y to maintain and ia ao safe and simple to operate that a no\ ice sailor can handle k. The Dectra U powered by two bren* duty marine battetlea. Tbe two 200 In. batteries, eneb delivering 272 ftnpWi at 24 volts, are contained In a box kart which also contains thr boat*# electric motor and an automatic bilge pump that prevents tbe motor from bonding from MtrWvr rainwater. TV total weight of tbe boot, including dir had bos and Us equipment. Is 1,100 A. Br eause tbe weight is at tbe craft*# centerbne, tbe boat is wausually stable. Thr inboard power system for tbe trail, a permanent magnrl electrk mm tor that drlisers ^kerwyossr, can na tbe boat foe about 30 mitre at $ mibu prr hour cruising spaed. At 3 miles par hour, tbe boat cun b operated for 12 hours. A wJid-state controller permits variable sprrd* down to below 1 mph. To recharge, dual automatic marina battery chargers plug into any IIS volt 60 pdf outlet. TV coat to recharge the batteries is bat few cents. A tran sistorised circuit pmfiti overcharge and, with good cart, tV batteries wifi last several years according |o tbe cons* ***** In addition to being designed to pro vide optimum Aability, tbe bull and keel also provide protection for tbe boat's heavy-duty propeller and rud der. TV craft has a 5Vi ft beam ad a draft of only one foot, making k especially useful Tor shoreline exploring. Company president Branson reports that work m in progress for mold to produce 30 ft fibergla** electric boat. He says tbe boat will be known aa tbe *'Drctra 3CT and it will have aa 8 ft beam and a draft of 18 in. Tbe boat also wiU have 1U)0 tb. of Irnd acid batteries in the box keel and it will base total displacement of bet wee* $ to 6 thousand pounds depending on tbe num ber of people aboard. TV battery capacity of the newly de veloped Dectra-30 will be over 30 kilo watt hours and the boat's maximum speed will be about 6 knots. At a speed of S knots, the boat is rvpeeled to ran for more than 12 hours for a total dis tance of about 60 nautical rnOea before recharging. k* : fe' s-. 1T*-'r l% %. j&K. ?<V /> 3 4 ;d 4 -t Abhors are now required by the FAA to inspect ill ctrry-oa !ii||i|r. A* passengi-rs preparing to board a jumbo jet. Tests conducted by SVstrrs Airiiam rmk, an intont competition bo* cW- and Pacific Air Yot Airlines at Los *rbp>^ tmonf aiBslMlurm of Wad Angeles International Airport have de thiridrd X*wy devices fnifuf to speed termined that with the new X-ray sys thr inspectioo process by eliminating tem, the average bag Inspection takes Af Md far bond ihkIm. about 10 seconds, indicating that rds- Tb U% inspection iplrai mb it thdy bale delay is encountered by oomiHr to lr thf cootmu of any* boarding passengers. on airline luf|;r or packages without I'smg a proven medical fiipmtic prumg thrtn. thus providing a quick, took the drive produces visible images 'ftbcflt bmh of inspection rod dray- of tbr rnnlmts of luggage or a package. bf potential skyjacker a favorite The images, which are viewed on a bmm of carrying concealed wetpota screen seen through a specially designed or explosive* aboard an aircraft porthole, are similar to tbo*e seen ha a Oar typical X-ray surveillance iritea three-dimensional photograph negative. baa been successfully (rated by Wntofi The images consist of shadows of vary Airline* and Pacific Air Vert Airliner ing density and a specially trained op at Lot AngeWs International Airport erator of the new device coo detect and by Delta Airline* at New York's weapon* and explosives by their shape. Kennedy InternstiooaJ Airport Despite its advantages, the new air Tbr Drka teats conducted at Kennedy line passenger security device has one International Airport over a three-week potential barard. F.icrwive radiation period were highly successful in demon* from the system's X-ray unit could re (rating X-ray capability fat rapidly and sult In genetic and physical damage to efficiently providing a visual Inspection the human body. Therefore, an effectnr of afi band luggage. Airline oftciats estb radiation shield bod to be both into the mote that widespread use of an X-ray new system. This was accomplished by fluoroscopic unit throughout its system sing sheet lead, one of the most effi would reduce from minutes to seconds cient radiation barriers known. The the time required to process an indivi metal Wad plays a critical role In the dual** carry-on baggsge. Tor example, It successful and safe use of the new bag could lakr as long as five man-hours to gage inspection system, just as it has manually inspect carry-on luggage of fur years in guarding against harmful radiation from medical X-ray appara- Accoeding to the manufacturer, the { equipment Is "ultra sale" hi tsr-- of radiation hatard*. The unit's cadre X* ray generator system is enclosed In 5/33-in. thick. 10 pal lead except far the X-ray tube sHt which directs dm Lead also plays a critical role in the nil's fluoroscopic viewing system. In direct viewing of tht screen Is sixsn pliahed by use of a mirror so that primary radiation from the X-ray tub* wiU not strike the viewing poet. To In sure complete shielding from any seenodary radiation, the viewing part cansbAs of 14-in. thick Waded glam. One major airline announced early b the year that k will spend over SI million to buy nod install up to 2S X-ray machines at the airports of ha system. The first installation was scheduled In New York is March and most machines are due to be In operation by aariy summer. This particular machiaa will permit inspection of an average paasm grf't carry-on hems b five seconds, the *siriinc estimates. The X-ray machisms are sensitive enough to show the Wvel of shaving cream in an aerosol can but are harmless to contents, including onexposed camera film. { r' l *r, The drierthm ltd treatment of canar tkrwwgh nuclear medicine W highly CMifilrt. but it cm br afmpty (Utd dut it faitK* thr bjrctioa of Mu4i IBeaitl of ndiotMtopri kte the k mm Wy. Tbrtr cowbiBfd or iadnid* oaJ Wktl o cancer area* k tka i rordrd and attdkd by a variety { cialisrd technique*. TW acwaor of iwrlwf nrdicke ha* oac ms^or disadvantage. Radiation from gW radioisotope* that mrt mhcrcnt b au- (W ardickr CM endanger ik Urn-- body. Improperly Hied, rtdlMici CM rrwuh la geortic Mod physical <Uit4p aod net death. Therefore, mry effort k mm dr to avoid exposing the Human j body to nffi radiation bn rd 0m iMopic BcdirJ techniques Are twd. Bad] thry are beaded into the body. Cancer patient* bring diagnosed or Lead h the foremost material to be con treated with nuclear medicine techniques sidered in designing for efficient Yield nre not likely to be exposed to sndue ing agtinri X-rays or gamma ray*, the rtdiatics. Doctors, technicians sad two most common types of radiation other specialist* in Budetr medicine encountered. According to the Atomic bo%n, must work daily with radio- Energy Commimioa. wbm other Yield isotopes, and since the effects are cumu materials are considered. "comparisons lative, they miMt be constantly shielded are usually expressed in term* of lead agaiari fdiitioa. because it represents the best practical N iriow technique* bare been de gamma Yield for mort applications'*. veloped. One of the most effective k to Although lead** primary Yielding surround the radioisotope* and sQ ac proprrty k mass, it* use invariably saves cessory equipment such as X-ray bstal- weight and space. Lesd** low cost and Utwuu with a protective lead shield. the ease with which it can be caM, H*hiW such shield* are designed to pro extruded, rolled, machined or otherwise tect personnel from the three sources formed, combine to make it one of the of radiation--alpha, beta, and gamma mot efficient and economical Yielding rays--they are primarily used to shield materials. gamma rays which are the moat dan^prfOU because they are the most pene Lead radiopharmaceutical Yield* and Yipping devices are typical products trating. supplied to thk market. To produce the Protective lead shield* are provided devices, pig Wad U (netted and pouiod foe radiopharmaceutical* from the time into round, cylinder-shaped molds with they are shipped from the manufacturer a solid core. UTwn the Wad ha* cooled and the dedred shape of the Yield ar shipping drvicr has been formed, it k removed from Ye molds. If required, the sides of the devices are aaarhinid and them pabted. A typical radioactive shield oe ship ping dA icr th* would be used to ship a radiopharmaceutical k about 3 fas. high. k lead walk about 1^ b- thick, a 4 W diamrtet boBov core, and weight about 2 lbs. Because oath type of cancer requires a different type of radiopharmaceutical, literally thousand* ef Yielding devices are required by the radiopharmaceutical Industry. They are u*rd by the more than 3g000 hospetak throughout the country that have radio kotope facilities and by various can cer research and detection facilities. Pharmaceutical companies aUo use the dev ire* to Yip radioactive materials la the various hospital* and cancer re search and detection fadlkb*. Safes and glove boxes are custom de signed according to specification. A typical aafe aught have 6 in. thick lead walk and weigh several toe* while a singW-stsiioe glove box might have inch-thick w.H. and weigh a* much as five tons. Clove boxes are equipped w kh Wad glass ports so that technicians will have a dear view of the Interior. la addition to Us advantage* of being the densest of any commonly available material aod being available b wide variety of forms. Wad ha* another, more meaningful advantage with regard to ha n*e m i radioactive Yield material. Be cause lead does not become contam inated by neutrons or gamma rays, k may be used continuously without fear <f its !cotnbg a radioactive source It self by emitting harmful ray*. mm - VI k t k. w- s[.V- & \ COMPUTER DEMAND FOR MASS-PRODUCED SOLDERED JOINTS RESULTS IN INCREASED USE OF LEAD ALLOY PREFORMS It Wasn't too long l| that AMf oUff joining Pprtstions u*rd only the lime- Irttrd, preheated oUrfi|! Iron and solder * Iff of bar. While titt k wide oar today (or such applications a* roofing and gutter system, water proofing. rtc^ tk cootlaima effort by many industries lo either partially or romplrtrly automate production Dam baa wtvogbt tor brought about) many rkajm in soldering procedure* and (rdo^art. Oae toUrrUf laaaritloa that k fad- in swd oar k tbr solder perform. Preforms bare bet* made economics! and practical aa tbe result oI a MiaWf oIdevelopments: tbr availability ol high quality soldrr aDoyu, Imter-ortiag luxe* aod technique* (or tbr proper beating of pom. (oat what are (rod alloy solder pro* form*? Simply stated, tbry are msnw- fartorrd aoldrr configuration# featik tag a bacd quantity of metal alloy*-- kb or without a (lux core. Preform* are designed to produce perfect folder allcta for specific joiatt ia aa assembly. They raa be manually placed oa tbe area to be soldered or tbry raa be dispensed automatically by a variety of ascchanical drvicr* tbat are oaually custom-designed to perform a specific tedder perform k tallalwn. Once in place, aoldrr pro* forma can be joined by any roweattonal heating method compatible with tbe as- acmbly. Tbia include* infra-red Uapt, induction resistance, natural or propane gas torch, orrfl or bot plate. Depending on tbe specific requirement, one or a combination of these beating technique* can be used to make joiaU with Irod alloy adder performs. There are thousand* of preform hope* available. Each shape is a deriva tive of one or more of tbr following four most common shapes: Wirt: Round, square, oblong and oval shape* can be made from either solid wire of dux-filled wire. Aa a general rule, wire shape* can be cut and formed into straight or curved segments, made Into rings and cofk, or stamped Into coctfioMouf loops and other odd shape* PnacAed ports: Solid wire of flux- fitkd ribbon can be need for poached parts la tbe form of disc* washes*, sleeves and odd shape*. Fhix-fiUrd discs must have a solid portion to bold tbe top and bottom of the disc together. Spkfrm: Spherical shapss ars avail able only as solids. Solder-cooled sutd forms: These art prvcoatfd metal poaching* that contain a aprrific thickness of solder alloy. Because of thrix ease of insuOatka, tbs speed with which they can be as sembled and the highly effective johb they provide, Irod alloy preforms art being used by the tbomsads to join computer components. To keep ap with tbr demand, a number of companies that specialise in producing solder products, have established separate divisions wboaa sole product far k geared toward setiicing tbe computer industry. Sams of these companies have Wad solder pre form specialist* bo work directly wick computer manufacturers and their ssb contractors when the component* that use tbe perform* are a tbe de*ign stage. A typical example of tbe thousands of mass-produced lend aBuy solder pre forms used la tbe electronic data proc essing industry are tiny chain* of wash ers that are used as grounding dements for the hundred* of wire* Installed ia a computer terminal block. The terminal block** job k to tort out signals tbat direct data to and from various parts of tbe computer and there are ns many ns 200 to 2,000 such terminal blocks hi an average computer. There are literally hundred* of pplications for lead solder alloy pre forms. They range from air filter* to wire mesh components and in nil case*, their use results in time and money saved ia assembly, elimination of solder waste, and aa improved soldered joint Perhaps just as important, their uss ako permits tbe joining of a wide vari ety of micro and submiaUturr assent (lies tbat could not otherwise be effec tively jointed. ' :,v Tmm LARGEST U.S. UTILITY RELIES ON LEAD-SHEATHED CABLE; CONDUCTS MAJOR TRAINING SCHOOL `^iii ttff^ .......iijirwnullfti v-,1^^....,, ,,,j, - -- Cowvolidat'-d UitM Company b the nation's largest electric utility. It lines, or cables, are constantly being re routed. expanded or otherwise modibed provide* ehetricity to the five borough* to provide additional service required of New York City tod pert of ITerf- by the thousand* of new home*, apart cbrtfrr County , . . at ares of ipproti* ment*. office building and commercial autWjr 060 iqtivr mile* aitf popolt* and manufacturing facilities that are be tio of nearly 10 million people. The ing added to the city's roster each year. Utility terrier* more fhsn three milltoo In addition, existing underground lead- customer* ... oil the way from the sheathed electrical cables must also he world's laDrst buildings to muki-story constantly serviced, maintained and re aputomt buiUiiip that house tW paired. sands of people, to single family dwett ing* and the thousand* of New York Ckj metropolitan area industrial plant* that aceount for an impressive 10 per cent of all the nation** manufactured product*. Aa part of the enormous effort re quired to insure that its underground power dirfributioo system operate* aa efficiently a* possible. Consolidated Edi son ha* developed what may be the util ity Industry** most comprehensive train The Ley element la providing electri cal power to the utility** vast number of customers ii Consolidated Edison** enormou* underground electrical power dis tribution system. It consists of S.000 vo* to 27,000 volt electrical catJr; bun! of it lead-sheathed, and It conLain* nearly 70,000 mile* of electrical line* . . , ing department. TV department ha* de veloped a number of highly specialised training school* designed to train Con solidated Edison employees in the art of installing. repairing and maintaining the wide variety of components that make up tV utility** electrical diatribu* tlon system. enough to extend from New York to San One of the training schools b the Fraochro 12 lime*. The Wad-sheathed Consolidated Edison Cable Splicing School which, became of lor extensive u*e of lead-sheathed cable in the utiUty*a underground electrical distribution sys tem, specialties in fpticing and joining this type of cable. The school b the most extensive of iu type in the country and k so far as b known, the only one of ha kind operated by a utility on soch a large scale for trainees of other utfliliea. The school instruct* trainer* of other electrical utilities--some a* far away as Hawaii--and, W addition, has at one time or another instructed military engi neers from all the Armed Farce*. The school b divided into a three-part course. The first course, during which the student* learn lo make 26 different kinds of lead-sheathed cable joints, nau from 8 lo 10 week* and it b designed to teach the basks of underground power distribution cable splicing. The second course b a six-month field training pro gram where cable splicing technique* learned during the first course are pcacHeed during supervised on-the-job as signments. The third course b a throeweek advanced program and it b given at the Cable Splicing SchooL 11 f\ & k- P- h ' E: i- k*/ ' : % I'"*; f l r r' * l t- if." r ;- w MU' ' *W I SW>Mf * M MMM| W Kt A*Wf | MM tm M*m ttt C*f Sf 4 AMERICAN REVOLUTIONARIES RE-CYCLE KING GEORGE III ".4 A 20-lb. fnpand of one of the most UaoQi piece* of sculpture in read to the ritlrens and soldiers of New York (or the first time at the she of American pre-revcJutionary history Laswhat is today the Chy Hall for the City been unearthed in Villon, Cowl, where of New York. That evening, a group of k has been buried for nearly 200 years. enthusiastic patriots angrily attacked The fragment b from a 400-lb. eques the statue. trian statue of King George IIL, the last Not content with attacking the statue, king of the American colonic*, that stood the patriots placed a rope around His for only six year* alter it was erected Majesty's neck and toppled him and his atop a high marble pedestal in 1770 at horse from the marble pedestal The Bowling Green Park on the Island of angry men then attacked the lead statue Manhattan. with axes, cutting the head from the Tike statue wai made fin London-oddly enough in the light of later events by a man named Joseph Wilton--and shipped to New York where k was un veiled ia the summer of 1770. The lifesize statue, like other classical Roman statue* of the day, was complete with toga, sandal*, and a wreath of laurel The king and his horse appeared to be made from gold, but both were cast from lead and coated with gold leaf. The statue was never popular among the majority of the Colonists, la fact, it had been up only a year when tiw British erected an iron fence around it (the fence still stands today) and threat ened to levy a 500 pound fine on any one caught defacing the status. body, disfiguring the nose, and prying the Uurri wreath from the King's head. Within a matter of days, as the Amer ican Revolution got underway, the stat ue was hacked into pieces of approxi mately 20 pounds each. With British forces encircling Manhattan and the American Revolution only five days old, the decision was made to make good use of the lead by taming it iota bullets to fight the British. The valu able lead was loaded into wagons and carted off to a military depot in Litch field, Coon., where at least half of k was melted down and cast into bullets for the Continental Army. According to detailed records still preserved in Litch field, women of the town made 42,088 cartridges from the scrap lead. On July 9, 1776, a courier arrived Bullets cast in Litchfield account for from Philadelphia bearing a copy of the only about half of the two tons of lead Declaration of Independence which was In the statue and the fate of the missing pieces has beeu a matter of speculation for many years. While k hurt known exactly how the pieces of the King George III statue wound up in and around Vifaou, k la assumed that men driving the wagon to Litchfield (tapped off at a tavern in the area and left k unguarded while they rested and ate. Some local Tories mu believed to have discovered the pieces of the statue and stole several pieces la keep them from bring turned into bwL Irta. The 20 lb. fragment of the status thst was recently unearthed at Wtkon la the only piece to have been discovered m more than 100 year*. Look Miller, a native of WDton, found the piece In a small swamp that is only about two miles from his borne. He located the fragment with an electronic mrtal de tector and as soon as the watrf that now covers the swampy area evaporates sometime this summer, he aspects to return to the area and continue his search for additional fragments that art believed to be in the vicinity. Mr. Miller loaned the lead fragment to the Museum of the City of New York where k was ^ displayed esriy this year along with a rare engraving depicting the statue of King George III being toppled from ha pedestal by patriots on July 9, 1776. tff MM: K, -i An Import*** section of the new Oc cupational Safety and Health Act Powered Industrial Trvch publication BS6.M909, Tart II. ANSI it one of U concerned with the use of Industrial several nationally-known organisations in special trays that have *{*-1*. thick hinged steel covers. Ventilation for the tray* is provided by a design that pre vehicles In hazardous area*. Baikafly a whose material* handling equipment clude* the accident*) Insertion of foreign luuifdotti industrial area ethu where fire protection rvcammendslion* become objects through the vent* In such a way various Ignilible or explosive gases, * law when adopted for powered indus that a abort could occur term the eel porx, dusts or fiber particle* are present trial truck*. terminal* in the atmospbrre Id sufficient qunati- The regulations also state that all ma The housing for the battery tray com- tie* to cause fire* or explosion*. terials handling equipment to be oper 1st* of a Sf-f*- thick malleable Iron These condition* are commonly found ated in hazardous location must be compartment. A fuse block for control in chemical and petroleum plant*, floor dearly marked u fcth a label or aotne oth and power circuits is buQt Into the bous and grain milk, underground mine* and er identifying mark Indicating their ap ing. A tumbler type lock Is fitted to the plant* engaged in the production of proval for use ia one or more of the fuse block to prevent unauthorised per ammunition, paint and varnish product*. three hazardous location*. sonnel from engaging or withdrawing Three dame* of hazardous location* OSHA regulation* specify battery- the connector plug. are defined by OSHA: powered explosion-proof vehicles as the EX Label Vehicles, also are provided Cims.i I location*--(boat In which only types permitted to operate hi all with explosion-proof rscbnru for the flammable gun or vapor* are, or may three cUssr* of hazardous Industrial lift pump and traction motor* and afl be, present la the air in quantities ad- areas. electrical coenpon< wtx. As added nitty firirot to produce explosive or ignilible A key factor la the ability of material* precautions, electrical conduit from the mixture*. handling equipment to qualify for the battery to the fritt and pump motor* Clou it location*--those which are EX (explosion-proof) Label i* the re la covered la flexible woven wire. hazardous bresuae of the prance of quirement for aa explosion-proof bat Rule* and regulation* listed In tW romboatiLJe dost*. tery. Lead arid battery manufacturer* new OSHA requirements ah* establish Ckn lit location*--those where eus- have plavnd a leading role in helping the 12 specific safety step* to he followed r igakible fiber* or flyings are present trt not likrb to be in turpenuM in quantities nficicat to produce ignkihlr producer* of lift trucks and other type* of materials handling eqmpcnevU to qualify their vehicle* foe the EX Label when changing or charging the lead arid batteries of electric-powered vehicle* op erating in hazardous areas. They include mixtures. by working with them to develop speci a requirement that battery charging in ally designed explosion-proof lead add sult*tions be located in specific non- The fint section of the OSHA powered batteries. hazardous area* designated far that pur industrial truck specification* stales that From a firr protection standpoint, the pose and a ruling that battery compart- *8 new vehicles moot meet design speci most critical ecsnpooetrt of EX Label ve mrnt* and/or cover* shall be kept open fication* established in the American hicles is the drctric power system. The to dissipate beat while charging bat National Standard Institute (ANSI) batteries of such vehicles are enclosed teries. * , T&m*'- - -- _ r-; f- W\-' f. I i' t: LEAD QUIETS NEW JET-POWERED SAN FRANCISCO BAY FERRIES U 1 The pepvlitlM of Mtria Covoty, which b across Sam Francisco Bjr maximum 1600 lbs. thrust. Just as passenger* have to be isolated from lb Cly of Sm Frutdaco, Em a- from the high-pitched roar of jet air p*W to tb point *Wtt tbrr b a craft engines, passenger* aboard tha dally mocrnlng tad nrrtiftf commuter ferries wiU have to be isolated from the rwh-hour In&c boalraeck ou the bridge high frequency sounds of the gas tur bidi ctaardi tb two potato--(b (. bine engines that will drive the water toot CoUni Calf Bridp. To tolrr lb jets. The turbines produce sounds that problem, the Golden Cate Bridgr and are dose to the threshold of psk for the Hi^ty Department bit dnrjoprj an human ear and, bn order to protect paa- integrated tnaapoflitiot plan that in sengtr* againat such discomfort, the en clude* tb ok of sped*) bwi tad a gine rooms of the three ferries wSB be Saa Francisco Bay ferry tram that, t enclosed by an acoustical barrier. til the Golden Cate Bridge *U bulk, To be jnstiTled over the top of (re provided tb only direct route btow none inaulation to meet L'5. Coast Cward Marta Cmaty and Saa Francisco. A-60 requirements, the barrier wQl coo- The ant pbae of lb fmy pUa ws* completed a Bole over a year 140 when buy service wat initiated bdwrt* Saa Francisco and Saosaltto, a small Maria County coatunity just north of tb bridge. 7b lecoad, aad far non dramatic phase of the program b scheduled to bps late this waner when resident* of Central Maria County will be literally "`jetting*' to work oa board one of three new gas turbine driven, water jet-pro pelled ferries that are now being bttih Each designed to transport 7$0 ptaaen germ at maximum speeds of 28 knots, the 165-foot ferries will coat about $7.71 million. It b estimated the ferries wiQ be abb to transport more than lljOOO passen gers during rnmmuter hours, thus po tentially eliminating at bast haH as many cars ou the Golden Gate Bridge and its afproaches during rush hours. ist of 2 |uf fH*4n. thick) sheet lend W laminated to a V^-k- thick Insnlslir^ board. The sheet lesd/tnsnlating board laminate w IS be inWaSed over all engine room wall areas of each of the three rank Designed to provide rite utmost la commuter comforts, the ferries will have a passenger and cocktail lounge ou the main deck and forward observation lounge and another cocktail lounge on the upper deck. The engine room of each of rite three vessels b located aft and abuts the mala deck and upper deck cocktail lounges. Therefore it would not be possible to carry on a normal conversation if these arras wrefe net being covered in the combination lead insulating board noise barrier. Speaking of lead's me as a noise bar rier ihsrf ships John HVtks of Philip F. Spaulding and Associates reports that lead's acoustical properties have boro used to advantage In marine vessrle for The ferries will be powered by three the past 20 years. For example, lead has aircraft type gas turbines which wiU in been used for noise barriers aboard turn provide power for the three water jets that will propel the vessel*. Each minesweepers as welt as a variety of high-speed, water-jet propelled VS. ^ turbine will develop a maximum speed Navy experimental ships. In addition, of 2^00 ship bone power (SHP) while manufacturers of pleasure boats also ass the water jets will each be eapabb of a lead to silence engine aofae. y r- 'I There It tooiHUaf m nicr the mm if yon are innovative enough. lend far sound attenuation tl*o wil he foduded. stdBrlmry of land reserves, particularly in Arias countries. Tki* baa ivsnhed In .t: Ho about a IraJ/iioc Imw? Working t pro^rt MtipUMol fmai ItZRO ((oWMiioMl !/i and Zinc Rnftrcb Although tbr mrtal borne bss been designed for factory-buflt m*-- produc- erratic supply and rising prices. TV ILZRO design incorporates a novel core and service module that centralises d Organisation). tbr Rhode I aland School of Dnipi bn come up wadi jurt that TV design work U COttpirtfd Next step is tV building of a prototype. In addition to demorntrattag tradi tions] sod hybrid application* for lend tion anywbrfe in tbr world, the baric prefabricated drrign is so flexible that it m be fiahbrd In many war to satisfy individual lute* sad requiremats using riasrira! a* wrfl as con temporary material*, hniriw* and tech service facilities. Such units as kitchens and bathroom* arc positioned in a ears area to minimize- costs and to inrn -- Wbrirary. Room* requiring fewer as** vices, such as bedrooms, are attached, like annrxrs, to the core arm. and tine in bousing, (be prototype will include snch new developments M a vurirty of lead composite materials, wrought rine roofing sytrma. nrw nique*. A baric aim of the design i* to cant ioce tbr architect and specifier that bad and fine products *boold be com sidrted for a isrvty of new applications. Comparator rot data ore not too re liable at this point of drveluynseni, but one estimate puts the cost of producing 10.000 lead.'tine Umscs at 111 to |16 finUVt and linprmrmmt* for rinc- The mrtal prototype bou*e also ril per square foot. This compares to |18 routed MeH bwildmp panrl*, and rinc die emphasise mrt*l specific advantage* of to #20 prr Mpisre fort for ron^mthmai cntuip produced with recently im critKal importance in today** ecology- wood-constructed boosing. Progress on 1 proved die carting technique*. Such rrla- Tbr araHabnity of lumber, for butanes, the lesd/rinc bor will appear In fu trirrty nrw housing application* a* abort ha* breomr a major problem due to ia- ture iasues of Lemi Ifsgariar. I rou cmamuc or aooaraa nuM swrt w frowsts rsow roe or AOOMtU on ATTACM OtO UNL ..^~""\r---------- -I ATTACH MAILING LABEL HERE Owen KTusar _______ A_________ QC ilw to, h*wa Tuts Q CswnUssI Cnom 7; ST IMH-Mi is ^w~ KM LISTINGS MM*M*i * PIUM8ING l**4 pH"**** Mtaltf tmi aiffMaifeit U4 Mf* tctr In h WM(>lw<ry Tim V*. Lm4 lNwt.|-- nil DtlN Upf1lll IfltMN l LDI y<H >li f*rlu% AJtOtfTtCTUftAL ji & J C0UMICS CAtU SHEATHING 111 f<nn< aniirirw * i SOUND SAJtfttEJtS 01 mwm< ! ( tI--U CENEAAL nuts UKIMi .. i Tij: '--'QMriV' '