FILE NAME: Visible Dust (VDT)
DATE: 1935 Sept
DOC#: VDT002
DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Article from Trade Journal - National Safety News
National Safety News
Published monthly in the interest of accident prevention end the health of industrial workers
VOL. 32, Ho. 3
CONTENTS FOR SEPTEMBER, 1935
Ic T hr 193 S Cnntfrrsi Cliy ..........................................................................SI >,. H . i l i - M w i i u r * * in Hurl Control-- Aelkstt $. M i n s * n .................. ............I?
Th<- Mm'rp Has Hi Trouble?-- IJm ry J. plagtn ........................................- ..........
v r..--ilslv
M rw un'''-- T. It*. P ig ix u i...................................................20
An An-nincim Aiialyrei Safety Savings-- S lu r r y P n n h r-t/f ........................... 2
i,nil<) Kapirfs is Safely Con-tout-- Curth M int*.............................................. **5S
Health Aulhuriiir* Tight Accident!--'Eeeir C. Brexm, M . D. . . . . . . . . . . 2?
SitT? i " s .tfc i,'"-- R n y N K a n tla H ............................................................................ ....................
tViiiii'u Emerior Walls of Buildings by Sandblasting o? SteainblasUng-- 1 hi/usirial Data Sheet D~Gen. i s ............................................................................ 35
H.-ibing rhtr Standard nf Industrial Medione-- .Si. A*. S a rq * is t; M .D ................. 34
J.ddtifijf Toward the C ongress........................................................................................3 ta
Klrmrnlary Safeguarding is Still Impeftsnl ...................................................... . . . 2 8
A nd S u d d e n D e a t h -- / . ,1. F u r n a i .......... .............................................................................. 6 d
fieguiai 0 < p r tm e n ts
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T . Fish , Editor ( r x r w htt.uK os, Associate Editor
St a n h y h . K iw h a w . Puster Editor C. H. M u.lt*, Advertising Aasger
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DEPOSITION
EXHIBIT
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No Half NK^ay Measures in
Dus? Control
By A R TH U R S. JO H N S O N
^
W3Ae Mvnmetf.
thfimptftifni,
Amr&eaK Jtatmf
V iusurmHr*
T O CONTROL iit fluii hiisarri tu iln- vxtcni <if .nhme ihr occur rence of piteiimiiconii#is imprnhjliii-. uidioitry muii tin aim'll ui*- Ihim
tqr. -i;.i i.-inir! finii removal equipment
_,,h, :i going. With ii there
Iff
-.1 u;> r-imiiu* ni check and liuuWf
.link, perhaps wil-1If nr' operating
.ra.-uces and 4 sharp k-t'mUiun of re-
This il mils down la
ikiy-lo-dtiy attenuo) to .1 program de-
.tnrtl upon ;t ionj rani? health con-
4-nTiii pfiitey. Half-way measure# tn-
iH.ii.il tu each other ort i ivofk. N'or
i> thi? a 'done w ir , d o n e forever"
(Tail Dusl comroi is nss an estesi. It
i.t fifoirr.im that never nnishw.
Kapert si-era to he in rather (tenersi
about lour (rath* of pneti-
wonio#is hazard. l'irsi, guarir caus
ili reni -iiiris-i. ;i -rrtiHJi li.llficaivon
'I t a r m a r - o f th e lunjfif liy fib ro s is o f
it.-wih .if car IifMu-. Ii take# years so
.-.-i
hut since ftariwl 1
- -iwliii-in which will mi fiuj) .ititi
.aisih.i U- o ir.il. After -xj.iin- of 15.
'0. '5 yi-ar-. men in crftrUn trades av-
-wimble ih# Alirofi. of lite Imijt# which
ilv-tr capacity hie physical bltor.
Ii malic# ihrnt #hofi of breath amt
'anse# cniiiin well - ileiiricv] clinical
lympinni# X-ray of their rh ? s show
chafact<fi-iic #harl>w<. few of these
H*-I1 -Inlin.
a il iteci rs-jttit uf this cuiklt-
Aliii.-uah few of ritriti have their l`h) 'e:jl capaciiy to work le**enrl even m 1' .r ?U years, there may lie actual taue impairment which predisposes them 16 tniHfculoiif. Thy cause of this sili-
"y 1* U silica, a# free qunm . nut com"flu! ip, ,, d irr clcnu-nts in the form of iiif.-ii"-. I..., ,he q u arti as found free in
n"'l in it# pure-t tuitum! farm as m< .ut-1 v nirsicr. The uhcs ornile of
"iny e,.-.- ..I -ilici.is ami iSm cxiMmirt'-
*liich . .fu-i-ii thrill in (In- r-vk indu#-
| r,<s-
>iiriirj4 industries, fire
fck making, etc., have shown thst the
**rd i# illicit and that it i proportion-
O ust control is n o t on e v e n t: it is A program th a t quires concentrated day-to-day attention
al \n the nmuilAl -w silica in the air iij-eaiheri \ new ray of inure lies in some finely goad evidence that there may be mixed dojis in which such tftisl as Hmestone, gypsum, coxI. hematite, clay or cement dilute the silica h a u n t and produce la s physioJagirai reaetioss than the silica co m m operating as pure quarts alone.
A second grasp of dwsa produces
somewhat the saint d isk s! picture as silicosis in its early stages, yet the x-roy of th chest shews the shadows pretty much eeaftegtI to the lysspta dueis. The damage appears not Lo be sc lihw ut as silicosis in many ways, particularly In
that it is not pragm sive rwif does it prrto tubeKuhiMS. The dusts pro-
hieing is certainly should lie rl.-uMtiied :<* .`ihsorpth'e anl thercfv harmful alihtHtgh not fit the its? catrsry a q u a n t. There if no question Inti that icMcnMf funs rapacity results fmm them after hmie (fnotigis cxfurwre Iml it re(ainty lahra nsw lust and more time us lower capacity for work. A rhnt.y J# falls in this group anti apparently 'swiilsr' emtlifthms drvdflp frum rxposenr !escesses of many mineral dusts rdattaflv h.w in free silica content.
Inert Dusts
A third group tf mineral dusts way
lie itarmiess In reawnahta quanifttat.
The result of work by some investitfators
which has been published rrcewtlv indi
cate d ay , talc, cowry ami carborundum
dusis to be bwn. In smite animal ex-
a-hrm-ntation these dust* did run |m v
iurt- iVlirusts. ( .tnirarily, there tost-
Iwen clntiw fur <lt!tall!(ty frmn wtirkcn-
wlw aliened that the srxjwsurf tu (lu.se
same dusts caused their ailments. Es-
rterts sta "- 'hi* t h --
"
wit pr.xlth'i- .ILsililillj' lu^ (Villmlmty yet c arc taci! wiih tin- faclr u! ctainis prostSuted -ucctsifully. Quantity of dust, rather ihan quality, was doubtless * rrsponsible hr any ill health. Some state regulation? rerjuirc dut exhaust machisiery >n some ojicratiiHtif. W't must. titerHotc- include for c n iru l some riusis which by nature may not harm ful.
Our fourih vnwie of Jinstarai j- tubrrculnsb. Tuljrrcuheti# >a dies.se caused by a perm, ami probably snore useful work ha* been done to control this diseiMo than almast any oilier. From lime immemorial the dusty trades which we now speak uf as having a Li-osis hiSEird were alwaj-# tinvma the danger #| ml# tor Iuivrvtihe'i*. Whist we now know i. this; that #111*-?i# makes ;v tirsi Via piace fir Mihercul.n-i tu ihriitr in anil kill the suwot .di much mriicr than risiiti siliciisis alone. <Ipinse: s n n # to Ire Itali perita]* sinijile hsrai? tincoinplicaud ly ttdnw ukisis may -ctdom lie fatui, but shurtnis sta? working life f he victim just a angina, artsfin sclerosi*, and such deiernerative iliseuses do.
On the other hand- we may expect frisisi tuberculosis ssne oi two things: first, a mnti hriiiis tuliercuiusia. no naticr how dormant it nay be, into a dusty trade, he may reactivaic the tuberculosis and have hi* case dgno$l ss '``aggraviiivti by" lite busi : or aeertnd. bv gettirtit simple silicusis or perhaps otiisr pneumoeoni.e-is. ami thru cvmraeiing iulMTtulosis from tubercular u w K ilia either at work uf elsewhere, die uf tuberllilllii* ?kl|H-ril1]ealt HI silici#.. Tulirr* cidosi# a-kwiiiipii ivilh ailicosis ihx-s not rejun<l veti in treatment. Kcgaidicss of ihe fact that tubercolosi i .*- ~1"
18 I ;,l. W* mu* face this fact. that tubercu(sis is so nfte<i the disaldmg result of (lust ext'Miic. that ituti i-nntrol must include tuberculosis control at (he jam tifne.
Measuring the Hazard
Summarizing, we have three Isaac haz
ards, i t ) quart*. which produces true silicosis -- a progressive. iung-ritaabling disease. ! I > tunc duals which produce a pathology which usually is not serious and is not progressive alter exposure stops, vet a pneumoconiosis none the less, ami I.1; some dusts which para doxically arc probably relatively harm less. yet have hern the claimed basts lor (ulirrculnsis and 'ithcr tlisnbiiluc?. In the iilitMcc uf ndi-qtcitr riiagniHCS, oevup.iiiuu.il lu-turics .mil a nutre vuisf.uLury metUmi or ailiuriicating claims ihan prosectiiu-n at cummon Ian-, s e must cnneludr thai it , luinsiiry to inn! a practical metluxI (nr contmilinic all min eral tlusu. Let us now re whether it is necessary in give them all the same de gree of control.
We have learned that the silicosis haz ard ij rornoirwl hy the amount of silica in the air breathed. This means that with but few exceptions it is directly proportiontl to the mount of dust In the air and the percentage p t silica (hat I* In the dust. The it utiinftwhich have established the safe limit, or tolerance, or threshold limit (or continuous expo sure without deleterious effect, have ar-, riveti at i million particles of quart* dust per cubic (not m air. none oflwhich ilutt is larger than <0 mtrra in sine. I think re need in digress fnr s moment to visualize what is meant Itv i inDiiw part teles of dust ni such tiny iu*e- TEk kraw iT ia invisible to the naked eve be came it take la to 20 times that much to produce a. haze, ami even that isn't visible as particle uf matertals.'^YSe particles. therefore, are m small as to lhv/rt imryin-iiinr..
.As one looks across a dusty room and > <<t xubi dir: dealing in the air, settling out rather rapidly, o r bring blown around by draft currents, he is told that fhat m not tic; bust we are talking ab-toi. The l,incur lies In -uch tiny particles that they could be run be tween the Hearing and the shaft of a very fine machine and nut touch, for a micrun is roughly .00004 uf an inch. Kive piracies of sand. each piece so `mil-1 m l*r I*l*v .pi --t :m inch 1
loading a cubic foot. This means that if it is hmmj necessary to exhaust the
dust at its point of origin so that that which gets into the breathing xose uf the workers will fee S sr fewer million
invisible motes in etch foot ol space, we haven'L begun when we get out only the
visible dirt. We are confronted with the
astounding (act that the health hazard has not been touched, even though an exhaust is 98 per cent efficient in terms uf the weight of dust. If we cannot vis ualize such an invisible hazard, it at least- warns us not lu throw together somejin ducts, motor* and fans, and eah it dust control.
Returning to our main theme, let me repeat * million panicles per cubic foot as the bench mark for quarts dust, bluer the hazard is in proportion tu quartz, the less quartz the less danger, or con versely. the less quartz the more dust may be permitted. Xow. is there a top limit of dustiness which, regardless of quarts content, might be owtidered a maximum above wheels nothing would be safe, and up to which only the inert or so-called "safe" dust might go? It seems to be pretty well agreed among the investigators that there is a top limit and this figure, or second threshold limit, is 100 mUltoa panicles. In other words, no matter what the dust is, it's dangerous il the concentration is greater than tOO million p artid a per cubic loot. In between these limits must lie the points of safety which take the propor tion Of silica into account,
Standards for Oust Tolerance
UTvii the practical answer? A table
of dust tolerances such as is contained
in same suite regulations does well
enough, and in them we find a general
agreement but with some variation. In
principle most such tables show 5 to 10
million particles as the limits where the
quarts content of the dust runs from SCO
per cent down to JO <w .15 per cent re
spectively. To use these tolerances
which aw iwM upon percentaces of
silica, both chemical and petrographic
analyses of tha dust must be made to get
reasonable estimates of the silica. The
sampling ami analyte* jr both very dif-
skull and expensive, it is doubtful if
the settled out dust represents the haz
ard, and the raw material errtainly does
not. Aim mueh evidence indicates that
petrographic analyses ni the smaller
-i/,-, U iifipi'A-itbUe. I( iik to me rhst.
* 1 *. I' ' " * tW
*!
things by arbitrary standards.
1. >8*b?8 f l l t d l Al?
k K-
X) fes 14X1 ptr orne.
tip
eitff amo, a<Fs
^tne^ea *yhih jgf u
ssffid blisss?, jHnit fmlvfnitni. gmicr brick **%.*
opccatiom, C2fl fe? rt#p
t limit v( > fliitlm pamdn.
2. D uts shKli emr*
tbe ha/J
U&ChJ MS ib frwfidiHf JiH mgJOmriLl
vrirfK ru n ' JO fo w pep C*M quxvtg ju
mixed
^aats, a-s*fs oaaf88t4 >iU
W prf <*1 K^rfd in ibc MftJ fru lui*
<Js6wd b)' Bfl*sTfhie>5aa q n jm iiiti w J-i
lrtbg* m frtsraf?la' parff^fir .so hjg tl>*
bftjrKxS jo in i l o s fvin so per cou.
a
s*ie *i fo t linen apps-jn
ft sitiliMR p-artidre.
X For the -hhl ccsi fjngt q( Juy SS Lak ist ec^ fffr&ry, vjhhfh eogifU.ii
me qcf? t$e wsa- d 1 f U pf tfrot ifjv iuf hi< itft nssflcs^g paifKk-> m j vi
JrI Sflsoi-, .zt^ih IsjI L
d/?i<rJ i fakr ilunivh dtehsf he s.Uifi!
I'lffllf-J rlrfs hsflt/i* fCe tlUAlw jt.mtl l
HS iBuifdB fLSOftilv* 2
c3iv*l Vi*!.
14 Wilwg fta i
K \vit AVifAU i|
rnIu4fi<Ri%
3hr
&rrt-n*
sn dfifhllkrfiijfi
fi ihe il
V<, BCV -aV f w i Jiro (Ks
tMppus wv p-sk hl nr Afl 'nilhVxi pL
itUjIl * d u ii fiMIntl pioonJuic aiul fin.j
o u m of a nuinhn nf ynra *v will JtazM-ng rtswWs. Nu du-i , Uui I kinr ni un tuziir dcmtuurjiv 11. or Su nr lfl UHllion imidi ii vili-l
li m jr he m * jjzy. i b m u . I d np i
* lu r efcsu type o d u rrc tp r u. vi
lio il i* nver IDOneitlOA it fOttU bt r, H. ^vet. /bet riNe dual dr-wo m i<--r,-
m.MP>uhtr p m t i c M t . rm l |1 iill-.j
i*>i4i (ouiujdr (ft flif,
U e now understand 1st general -hut dim s, how much, and of sites constitute health hazards, have plant its which you suspect l srd. Let us rw m iee what can lxaiau< it tu rvaluatc your parrituU ditions. 1iuss com nd is m expen.-i( should mu nuess a t the hazard. I; dust has s iut uf quartz in it. ->< fottndry* mnhiing sand, ganister. : gate fur tire brick, granite, uinil for tuoi grimling, etc., there i* a I
hazard, if ymi can see ihe dnl
know it i be a terrific hazard If is settlement on ledges there is :* h, Yuti can save yourself the bother ui ing ut h- exact quality uf t.<*iciproceed at unce to put the dust control. V'our problem lies in th10 million limit ^roup.
If, on the other hand, you ja**mixed dusts of luw side comr doubtful hazartl. before bu>>* contrul machinery you want (' i`r whnr the hazard is and how mm I* lir-t ilnncrhi w nW tie ' *<k-
' 4
a reassnable price. T been 1
Dost Control
fogenieus continuous dust sark counting appntatu* for keepi'r
{ConlruHtd from frige iS j
tinuous count of the dust in de? eshasist and it cm be so as
counts, make analyses and rely irper?
fluac findings. I iwve said ghat I douse the value ol anslys. They may pfove to be the only practical methods, hut they certainty are not as good criteria as v n> know whether the dust is harmful,
anti tome moderite qwnisssgs under suspicion may be Side. We are, there in?. eery anxious from a practical standpoint m determine whether our iltist ia really (fxnjtmiitt or sol. This -vi-nif ui ini* ttt be a tremendously im[uTt-int mint. f,ir 1 certain lusts are nut ibiigrrous, the atmospheres cmamini' (hem shiiultl suit require such clean mut|iiii|! ,1. thimeh hi- quartz cimient were there .ilmte.
Our prcM-nl knuwiedtcc tii pnctlrtio-
be made only by physicians whs are
qualified to interpret x-rays and who have training and id experience in the diagnosis of respiratory ailments.
The periodic examination is an indis pensable preventive measure which en able* the physician to detect diseases of the lungs w their early stages and at a
when removal of ibe worker from the-dust offer* hope uf recovery or im
provement. in addition, the repeated routine medical examinations furnish a valuable means nf determining the effec tiveness s i dust contiei nseasarrs.
While it wutdti seem desirable to amine pretext employees to discover cases with active tuberculosis, in order to assure proper treatment and prevent
te centre! the ventilating
mechanism, turn on more as de
tarn it off when the saUsfacto
lions have bees reached. T h e
designed and built by Mr. Ha Mr. Philip Drinker of Harvar,
far a* I know, is still a laboratr
l see nothing impracticable t
however, and for a jarg*
^
stallation I would expect it to b
ful os ibe automatic carbon i
detector and control mechanist
Holland tunnel.
There are practical dust suj
mechanisms-fur sand bias-tint;. s grinding, mixing. b.extu, itrillii live grimlin, dry pan mixing
most every type ut focalized <1;
inniiKis i< 1 limited, and esjiecialiy uur their spreading inlecfwm, this procedure fsencroting dusts. They are it knmik-djte nf ihese minor dusts, that we is likely to $?re ttp etaisM or misunder unless neil-desig<red. They are1!
du not know definitely which are had standings on he part of tise. workmen. ineffective because, as l said and which arc not. Good smedkai Such examinations, if mad, should be they don't begin to touch (h
records of Id empluyee*. which cords used poly fo r rehabilitation purpose*.
hazard until they have got rid
would show the incidence of pneumonia,
of the dust, which Is the best i
lubrrciiinsH, rrr., would (j* helpful. X-ray of em ploye with 20 years o* mure exposure would be most useful, b a t .TR danger irons tncipcrl diagnosis on the one Head, and mistisqof the informa tion *. the nthrr, n u k esV u m in atio R of mplnyis tor this purpose jom ethisg to be avoided. I urge that rm.ee sotisfactory yardsticks (or evaluating this haz
Equipment f&t Oust Counts
Our problem m b 1* to aappm she dust to a safe limit. That implies its re moval at the source by mechanical ex haust, That imp!its ceuntfag (He dust to begin with in order so have some basis tor designing the equipment, and re counting t know that the equipment is
do. They wear oat dure to the action of the dust. They sse money, sod the cost usually ex
justified on the groeiKb of 1 work effietency or quality of Occasional irt3lia3R& o il supporting. Tbs Kelly trap difliing ta b M desF5$gssasct c m a the a m per foot drilled
ard be found. ami the recent and cureem working satisfactorily. The impiager or
toxicity Sludtr* fcrthl Snow hafe for an standard method it complicated. slow,
newer.
expensive and poor for routine checking
mereased the drilling rale tui
so offset the cost. Also in uf air-candUkmed room* in wa
In the nuantinsf. it is accessory 4 aJ- although it must be used as a standard retain enamel is sprayed, the [
umr that all minerai dusts contain for ealibratkia. We, therefore, want a air eoisditieniny system can 1
~nnw henlih hazard ami put them aU m - simple method, one that somebody m to c o n tro l the du-- und at tl
dt-r cuntmt. ami ret) wpess th low quartz cun lent of the material producing the dust to (cate it in the third or least harmful bracket.
U may i*r well to cunsiJee medical X^irdnatiorv as a tlttsl control measure. It i~ rccommeeded that new employes! for
an industrial health espert can nse sat isfactorily. Zeiss Koiimeter is a satis factory instrument in the hands ol the man who im hod some training. The In strument is imported, is rather difficult to obtain, ami not too expensive, under $200,1 believe.
time be made ccotwmicaUy reason of an Improved qui n iM b d surfacr. 'Sc doubt t many instsliations which haw dcmonsttatotl economy isosn jh sideratioas than i n p m n n i it The point i wish to stake is :
d-i'.y ylav-w ha round physically hi in Another Instrument is the Owen* je t improvement to health is too in
order to avuid introducing men whose which has been modified by Mr. ttsicrt to waste time trying to justify
condition makes them liaUe to an early of Harvard and Mr. Thompson associ feauat equipment uputi econOmh. break d**nrn on account of defects or ated with me in the American Mutual to walions. Where operaliocs arc
diseases .uready present, or who may in make its operation simpler and mere sat out over a great ares, as in (hr
fect others by spreading disease.
isfactory. This appamss wai built foundries, it it difncult to avoid
Proper diaftnmis of such physical con- specifically for us in checking the dust dust in the shakeout operation.e^
diiions can only lie accomplished by rantml apparatus in a Urge granite expensive mechanical inaullatint
having : medic tl examination with v shell, and in entirely satisfactory. Cp to nf throe which have com to ni
rays of the chest, including as complete
i .11--
.uni rmpinymrni history of ... 'w 'ii'Pinil | |
ho present tints- I do nm know that any
iwtntmrm maker has undertaken to
T.i iMiiii/inr.- if _ imt
. *l-m;iifcsd
lion have been installed fur the e pur|fe of land handling and sin'll c:imT* iviti (:ir Ir-mi -m '"
, , ; m*
I 'H 'l'W jll
WU
'(B ' `iu *1 WUCi` iiS`` L,,i us flu* lortk further t i whither
saiue other remedies wilt tse ibfactory.
su|>pu*e wc leave the hay-art! alone and
sal repftW* Sh? sn. it " t except lor very short periods, is?
ivf emvrgency work, such as cleaning
!iUi dust arresters r loading tumbling
lwrrcl*- There shrnjld be bo question
,)..ni efficient respirators because the
I-;.;! <*vr ii>jriu of Mines i* now
prr^red to make tests and an employer
..3|1 justifiably limit his purchase to es-
(r.ito's which meet these tests. Even
moueh respirators may be efficient, they
j,fe uncomfortable, ant} while it is not a h.iribhi|> (or a man to wear a respirator
j utHporarily, or even iur 1 wrek perhaps
llye'di^ tl period ol breaktiown in the du*t rvii>i:-< system, i rant?* conceive oi
Atessr^iaEBacKa ifkad t* ia&mo Sa&si *'-*
Happy
mifkaa-n ri'inaintits cimirnteti if they | viv.* i<i (tif resiiiratori fmiiinuuuiiy ! it liar oft ben aid th a t a m an i* fnr a long period, if they need to wear eta Ssettee th a n has fees. Mangled, them and don't wear them properly they bruised, h n k e a * smmh.&d m et siijihi just as well not have them on at em& fW t ssm o s ly safe & m&n off
all.
th e jo b , h i sat el sssy in
In operations which can 'l>e confined ctanspeiuattes, n e d i u l and other
1 9 limited space, such as sand blasting direct sred in d ire ct e*t*u. In ad
i/ui perhaps shaking out some ly |* s 0/ dition *ach i n j u r i a redace th e
Gstings, the workers can be3HEj0f>i ill morale of fellow wsejksaaij anti
helmets provided with a adequate sup a!w i&xm |wodtreUassple uf clean air. The air-line helmet is
l?2csics! for continuous use. while a litter respirator Is practical for only limited |ieriods. If the dust is esirrmeiy fcravy, say 3CO million partides of (ftiortz, and a respirator ia 9& per cent rfiVirm. thr* worker is still hm tihm g sis Riilti.ri- (ariicles. which is too much.
TniitV rcJ|riraturi preferably In suf-
ptrms-m exhaust systems. Uli.il rise cart we do to gift rid of (he
V*u earn. p ro le * ftm ? worker?" fees lay Istatsdng shay wear- Lehigh Safety Shoe* w ith th e im proved r t l Isesr safety loo. T W r feet will lie h appy font., preteeteff sgain.-i injury and further*--Ldaigh .Slirw, ssr* built fur cuiwfufi, durability and *pparaie&
e v er y -d a y w o r k s t r e s s
N s, 1 -- BUrib etfe Slasher,
LeatW S*lf und Kabhtr Hri,
A I M -- A t A feevs. ( < t m
Chrsnw l.mhrr
SsSs.
Arm? Grid Rubber Sai* and Rub
ber Haei.
Sow s-aa m
`hew hazard? T he first r sujjgnt itself '< to get rid of the silica content to the dust. I know of one group of foundries which is conducting extensive research Evolving the use of molding sands that
LEHIGH S A F E T Y SHOE CO.
31 S. SEVENTH ST .
ALLEIN TO W N, P A .
irr friv of q u a n t. T hat nuty prove in be
Ihofuuidily practical and is a step k) the r|Shi direction. Any plant care study iti ^atiims to see whether the quarts rantnial that is being used can be eiimi-
Castings in some cases can be cleaned with water. Blasting can be
FBRA LD N
Treads
.4U<i Bmnsai&st. .lfiim in and Viotitin
PREVENT ACCIDENTS
done frequently with steel grit instead at
O N STA IRS and FLOORS
^Rd. Certainly foundries can use aslscsfrre parting compound that is just as
A hard seed matrix &te>vtikh ia t%ft mn tibrsaii* nans in hardmaa ee tha aSfcssaeei easmea tUtxkiiity end
a> quarts dust. Silica packing skmiM Ut replaced in annealing epere-
ASJ. ABE FIREPROOF Origin** aaM dgttsfagtetra at Abrsuv* nw A f?
llfm' i'tilveriierl quarts is not needed ** jn afifarivc. T his is one avenue of wniful which should have thorough
Uu,1>' in each individual case. Even though you gel rid ol quart*
SAFE WALKWAYS Specify t'ecelun and He Sure
AMERICAN A IR A 3IV E M ETA L CO.
IrnBsp&n, New Jcr*cy
SE lT f-\in F R . 1035
CROC
t Crv-Ccmi osv R tv ^ itd Sol* ami H w !i sis* appro*!*
al? M % sssvs rasco..
) TSvs Cessa .is swssied fee sesigk S es 9 K xtm m w .
Cvrdo an
Is tha m I
I * O N-END te pro! ili^ io f.
r)@ NlrwvAS.fip Isem em n i i t i i Jag
! TSw h ig h pessEtUg g# t M t n tnnmta **8 e e d seisL
C O K JENO groe uvhiM
' COMPOST s alw is&
C K O C O K D mmd R A W . C O U D
taie n d k f t i i
*.M in d e itim t.
fo t e n d tlc r i f& a m J rte it rmiirmmd
tk & p t. mut fmetmrimt, g anU eiee-
ir it fim n tt, te r m n j f *?: te stia m ,
ite& e pmdrmidt, m i n t i e n s r d l
Bwrdhm'usdt -- &hmem Seieer il mm
im p a r te n t fmetm.
Flnihilitr atwl asm in oihinf
NON.SLIP atU m U i i m and
S aMxiantf le fifes es*,
9
ir/Sh
G R O -C O SD I ad RAW*
C O U D S g u ard oflosss to n tim a
ramSsma se jsgS.
Soie ccw&oro SMCfasjS worfc. 8 oetd ara te cfcEsad
N--* e i e r e r o u S s a s s e l d w c is lis a t p t d m fessa iJbsa h s ^ s C B O . C O R D f B A W .C O B O toia, sm i b a i l < she. ? M f wwfe iU l e e s s a v b u s *
fcssssa al Sas osfad
s - n r h i a u 'i i j u t i A nnual tmtmip CBgr*w oirf ExpnaUisA o u v rit :*il. la llr v o ii Hotei. L n iu vliu , Sir.. O tlobir 11*11. IIS .
IP& q L im a C r d 8 1@Je M 1
O a p S . 7 -F* M ises* O .
IM&y*^3=^ fes
Isv?=^53S^&^9 ato&5g&
Rubberized Fabric Link Mat
THia Neo-dip Safgty M et it etpsciaiiy designed fet industrial use where the! it dip hazard. lit addition, they henna the -o fte n ' efficiency i they rtdye, fatigue brought on by standing on concrete, brick, til* s herd flegtng, ideal for piecing in front s i meebinet end where wet cm tJtisits exist.
Heavy galvanized wire with cadmium plated d ip t end plat er used to prevent mat. Fwfthhad in areas to m ast yor faquir* meH. low in cost and iwsg weiring.
Write today for prices and complete information.
THE BUXBAUM C O M P A N Y
A itre rs , O k ie s
but cannot get r)d at el! Sut,
fa csa do about getting rid I*
ef it by conducting operations meaner ae to tntfliniige the h dust. EspSwg y@m psmgg, im offid ecu how much stsiduei dv tfa borixcota! b e a m s , k i n g s , m e plants that k m not fees for a Jong time this dust has fk te ite at the u g le of repose or braiion of a pasting truck wouli enough duet io the a ir to be o smous hazard. This n n ise ^ by s thoroughly practical as vacuum daaning or b!owi< with a jet of wet air or stearti raton are satisfactory for the p of men doing the cleaning.
There is as economic valuk item. t has been reported ! pisnt which have improved tfc,.; keeping by this method and ha Step farther anti brightened i heioty roams with paint and . lighting that other accidents ha reduced ami work ehkientiy in Certainly an estremrHy dusty pi r a t sloppy housekeeping. Hoy Sag must be pul oo a periodic ro
Dry proc&a will * 1 '5 being ehanged to wet processes, t processes* VVhiU dampuess *UI dust, memsiK in the process f vest the geomtion of dim it cases. Caro must be eaercised i preting thin auggeation because a high speed grinding wheal d< previSBt tie dual. O m of the sac sus sfika health hazanfc k wet g 93 aainsas a n d ont fads. Ti dence to tuberculosis !$ high. W artificial emery and carborundum may or m ar not be (umeBdal. il mined In lieu of dun exhaust in ; ose n a t, but we are faced w
opinitm that these dusts u t ic anyway, unless the volume is hij worth depends upon gettine tit well fidea? 100 milliiut particles.
Haritsg dene ail (he hottsekerpti proerss improvement (hat can be in iku of exhaust, ire sre rvttf with the question of ibethe? the? remains dust in suthcient quaniht mmg process to make it netrs* remove it by mechanical exhaust, coasts will tell the answer. Hand lions, such as molding, can | 'n*without raising much dost. Mof chanirai operations which use ,ur ale dust must he exhaiisied. ttJseirt evitable that ezhntisi be uteri] >*( slingers, ruck crushers, dry pin?.
A * > im in e th e n t h i v e n u t >'
.
...u n i Ui.it ! 'It iKsigiunl, nlui
^ be done to make It work? 1 ha**
aid that they wear out. You must put uat counts on * routine basis as a cheek f ,he efficiency ot the system. Whether au use She 2 a? the Owens' Or She [nspmger dseso't nutter. The sysura ,5,0 fie espicred eaestantly lor teaks, ,br dust traps mult be cleaned regularly, and ihr dust disposed of so that it won't
bach L-.!= the building. If the dc-
tum contemplates returning the cleaned ,,r ip the building, extremely careful
<broking of it must be done in order that
I
ihr haaard may not be compounded. It poor practice to return the air to the
building because operation is so often
badly maintained.
Who is responsible for a dust control
(iregiam? The owners, through the mmMrmeot, are responsible for the provi0 of the equipment and the proper engineering to produce it. They have to
spend (he money and it Is management's responsibility to see (hat it is spent properly. The initiative end the engi-
prrrine necessary to control the dust
\ rest tmirely with the management. It is Ml a hazard which can be controlled by \ efficient supervision and safe practices
h'ne.
The supervisor)- department Is reijnsnsible for the housekeeping, safe prtctkrs and shop methods. Some as signed members of the supervisory de railment are responsible for the sainifnanir and operation of the dust reiwh-.ii rtjuipmest and far the dust toum* used as a chk on the system. If throe ever was a nice machine re a rin g constant tuning, it Is a dust re-
system. It won't work without this *tlentton.
Out of the Way Places
When you m ike your next plant inspection, he ilire to notice those more or leu out-of-theway drive belts, motor, s h a ftin g or other equipm ent that should he guarded, but that have been neglected, due to their location. It is a Rood policy to-protect every hazard even though the chance of accident is seemingly small.
It is real economy to protect your workers from passible injury and it is Safely Guard 'Economy when yon do so with II & K Guard Accessories- They re furnished ready for easy and quick assembly by your liaudr man in his pare time.
A ll H t f K f,`w n t A e tn ie r ir i > W rr n i p r r < ***<* of U n l t r t r u e r j ` U$bc-ti`3?ifS. I nt .
The workers carry a responsibility
i 'o. They must use (he safeguards pro*
vided. whether they be respirators or
i Por,af>le hoods to place behind hand
i uml! They must not stuff b a p tnto
docii it; stop draft*. Dust control is a moper.idVe tiling--each division carryin8 its share of responsibility. Nobody
: an void his responsibility end make 'tr thing work. ;
& Correction
1)4 Liberty St. NEW YORK. N. Y.
5645 Fillmore St. CHICAGO. ILL
USE a UNION o r COLUMBIA CARBOY INCLXNATOR
for th? SAFE ami EASY w ar to pour acids and chemical* from car!>syj or mall and medium he drums.
A tried and - proved device attractively priced. Sold on manev.itack guarantee.
Throuch an error in the caption ac-
ft>pflyinn the illustration on page II
"
August N ational Safety N bivs.
rff| I'. Sloan, Jr,, president o! Ctn-
tr*1 -'luiun Corporation, was referred
a * vice-president of the corporation.
Send fur u completely illus trated and d<*ro,ri|>*i*<* bull-(ip pivma lull partirulurs mid prirvs-
THE INCUNATOR COMFANY>r.o. sax ftstwiwSAroua. m u .
SR PT I-M U E H . 1753