Document VJgpg5aL0oKxB1E8vYnjNeo9o

2965584 it National Institute for Public Health $44 and the Environment Ministryof Health, Welfare and port J = U d. ndesanstalt fiir Arbeitsschutz wi Arbeitsmedizir K| Mi Swedish Chemicals Agency MNORWEGIAN IEERNTHINYIEY AGENCY 7 w= Ministry of Environment and Food of Denmark Environmental Protection Agency Summary page: 2nd Stakeholder Consultation on a Restriction for PFAS I. Reasons and aims of this analysis Update: The submission period was extended from the 19" of September to the 171" of October 2021! The competent authorities for REACH of the Netherlands, Germany, Denmark, Sweden and Norway are currently preparing a REACH Annex XV Restriction Dossier for the group of PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) described below (as defined under Section Il. Substances) since all these substances are considered to be persistent. The consequences of this persistence include that the presence of these substances in the environment is practically irreversible, and pose an unacceptable risk to the environment and humans. All uses of PFAS (professional and industrial uses, consumer uses of mixtures and articles) result in emissions into the environment and contribute to the overall concentrations of PFAS in the environment. Many members of this group already occur ubiquitously in the environment and contaminate the ground- and untreated water due to their high mobility. In addition, some of these substances accumulate in biota and/or are suspected to be toxic. In view of these properties, the above mentioned competent authorities for REACH are considering proposing EU-wide measures covering all PFAS (as defined under Section Il. Substances) to reduce those risks. This questionnaire is intended to provide you/the respondents with the current overview the five authorities have on the different uses of PFAS. By checking the presented data and providing feedback you/the respondents can ensure that the correct information is used for the assessment and preparation of a REACH Annex XV Restriction Dossier. Furthermore, you/the respondents can provide the authorities with currently still lacking information. EEA tonnages & emissions presented depict the European perspective, which the authorities created from the gathered information. If tonnages or emissions are challenged, please do so at European level, not at individual company level. For alternatives (and transition costs) this is slightly different and individual companies likely have valuable information. General: I. Reasons and aims of this analysis 2965584 The purpose of the `investigation report summaries' (download is possible on the next page) is to present our current knowledge and understanding regarding uses of PFAS with a focus on use tonnages, emissions, alternatives and substitution costs, etc. The data are important for both risk assessment and the socio economic analysis (SEA). The investigation report summaries have been prepared based on more detailed PFAS use investigations. It should be noted that these investigation report summaries should not be considered to be equivalent to the Annex XV restriction report, which is in a preparation phase. Presented data reflect the current knowledge and during the project new data might become available. It is not guaranteed that the information presented here will be used in the Annex XV restriction report or in the presented way. For instance: Presented quantities or costs could be higher or lower. The information provided is largely of a general nature and is not intended to address the specific circumstances of any particular individual or entity. Further, the information is not professional or legal advice. In case respondents fill out the survey several times, only the latest entry will be considered. Scope: This survey is intended to provide an opportunity for stakeholders to confirm the understanding of the five countries prepararing the restriction proposal, or provide updated information, on PFAS uses, including tonnages, emissions, alternatives and transition costs. Information can also be valuable, if it confirms estimates that are currently marked as uncertain by the five countries. This survey is not intended as an opportunity to provide feedback on the essential use concept. This survey is not intended as an opportunity to provide feedback on the (chemical) scope of the proposed restriction. The use of PFAS in fire fighting foams is not part of this call for evidence. ECHA is preparing a separate Annex XV restriction dossier on this use. Stakeholders are invited to add information on uses not mentioned in the report summaries under section A (general questions). Public sources / literature references: Presented numbers (i.a. tonnages & emissions) represent the situation in the European Economic Area (EEA). If you have a different view, please provide this information on EEA level with reference to public sources. In case transition times are applicable due to substitution, please refer to the respective legal text where possible. In instances where the information presented in the investigation report summaries is challenged, but no reference to literature or public sources are made to justify such challenges, we are unlikely to be able to take the comments into account. Others: PFAS tonnages for the described uses cannot be added up for a full tonnage overview as this might lead to double counting. In case no information is available, the authorities will follow a reasonable worst-case approach when estimating emissions to the environment. Concerning the presented summaries, the authorities from the five countries do not accept any liability with regard to the use that may be made of the information contained. Use of the information in these summaries remains the sole responsibility of the reader. Although, the information provided in the summaries has been prepared with the utmost care, possible errors or omissions cannot be excluded. The authorities from the five countries do not accept any liability with regards to any such errors or omissions. Il. PFAS in scope As indicated by the name, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) comprise a group of organic substances containing alkyl groups on which all or many of the hydrogen atoms have been replaced with fluorine as structural fragments. 2965584 PFAS in the scope of this call for evidence have the following structural formula: X-(-CF2-)n-X" with n = 1 and X, X' not being H (thus including X-CF3) meaning fluorinated substances that contain at least one aliphatic carbon atom that is both, saturated and fully fluorinated, i.e. any chemical with at least one perfluorinated methyl group (-CF3) or at least one perfluorinated methylene group (-CF2-), including branched fluoroalkyl groups and substances containing ether linkages, fluoropolymers and side chain fluorinated polymers. Although all PFAS will be considered for regulation, a non-exhaustive list of the most frequently used substances and substance groups may be found in the supplementary document accompanying this questionnaire and consultation which can be downloaded under the following link: Supplementary document.pdf lll. Target group of this questionnaire Questions are addressed to the whole supply chain including industry associations, importers, distributors and downstream users. manufacturers, Of interest is information on PFAS and alternatives to PFAS. Both, PEAS as such and PEAS contained in mixtures and articles are of relevance. Alternatives include chemical (non-fluorinated) as well as technical replacements for PFAS. Please note that this questionnaire consists of 66 pages in total. It will, however, allow you to navigate through blocks of questions depending on your type of information or data. Hence, you will be able to specifically respond to the questions relevant to you. There will be max. 4 pages of questions per use ticked in Section A (general questions). In the table below, the hyperlinks on the right side will allow you to download summary reports for the different uses for which further information is requested. In some cases a second hyperlink is available. In these cases the lead authority assessing the use already published a summary report on their website. Use Hyperlinks to report summaries Cleaning agents, polishes and waxes (non-industrial uses) Cosmetics Food contact materials & packaging Lubricants Construction products Medical devices Medicinal products Metal plating & manufacturing of metal products PFAS production (manufacturing) Report summary cleaning agents polishes waxes july 2021.pdf Report summary cosmetics july 2021.pdf Report summary food contact materials and packaging july 2021.pdf Report summary lubricants july 2021.pdf Report summary construction july 2021.pdf Report summary medical devices july 2021.pdf Report summary medicinal products july 2021. pdf Report summary metal plating and manufacturing of metal products july 2021.pdf Report summary PFAS and PFAS polymer production july 2021.pdf Ski treatment TULAC (textiles, upholstery, leather, apparel and carpets) Petroleum & mining F-gas uses Electronics & energy Transportation Waste 2965584 Report summary ski treatment july 2021.pdf PFAS in the treatment of skis - use, emissions and alternatives |Report summary TULAC july 2021.pdf Report summary petroleum and mining 2021.pdf PFAS in mining and petroleum industry -- emissions and alternatives july use Report summary F gas uses july 2021.pdf Application of Fluorinated Gases (F-Gases) in the European Economic Area Report summary electronics and energy july 2021 .pdf Report summary transportation july 2021.pdf Report summary waste july 2021.pdf IV. Information on institute/organisation/person & data protection rights Information on institute/organisation/person & data protection rights can be downloaded via the following link: GDPR.pdf Fields marked with * on this page are mandatory fields. PERMISSION FOR INFORMATION PURPOSES: | agree to the personal data | provide in the present survey, including my name and my e-mail address, to be collected, processed and stored for potential follow-up questions regarding this survey by the service provider of the Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), namely Webropol Deutschland GmbH, and to these being subsequently stored in the database of the Federal Office for Chemicals. * Yes Information on institute/organisation/person Name Surname Name of institute/organisation E-Mail 5.1.2e Euro Chlor - Cefic BEacefic.be Can we contact you with follow-up questions? * Yes 2965584 Note on Confidentiality of information and data | understand that it is my responsibility not to include confidential information in responses to general comments and in any responses to requests for specific information (e.g. company name, properties, assets, costs etc.). The competent authorities for REACH will not be held liable for any damages caused. * Yes | understand that it is my responsibility to mark confidential data and attachments as confidential. * Yes V. Questions - Section A - General questions Are certain uses of PFAS missing in the categories above? From our previous contribution, we remind that chlorine and caustic soda production requires the use of fluorinated products (e.g. in membranes, piping/equipment, diaphragms, gaskets and greases). V. Questions - Section B - Cleaning agents, polishes & waxes (non-industrial uses) Questions in relation to the use (mainly for industry associations) The following linked information presents the current picture: Report summary cleaning agents polishes waxes july 2021.pdf In the tables presented on this page and the following, '?' in the cells show that the authorities do not have any information available. Input to fill these gaps is highly appreciated. Sub-Use Tonnage Expected (tonnes/PFAS) trend per year in the EEA | (--/-/0/+/++)' Emissions/year in EEA? (tonnes/PFAS) 2965584 Cleaners (for glass, metal, ceramic, carpet and " " ) upholstery) Aftermarket carpet care ? ? Dishwashing products (rinse aids) ? ? ? Dry cleaning products ? ? Waxes and polishes (for i.e. furniture, floors and " " " j cars) Windshield wiper fluids ? ? Windshield treatments (for automobiles) ? ? ? Rain-repellent fluids ? ? 2 1. = strong decrease, - = decrease, + = increase, ++ = strong increase, 0 = neutral 2 Emissions relate to mixture/article production and mixture/article use. They do not include PFAS production and the waste stage of the articles. These emissions are covered in a separate section. V. Questions - Section C - Cleaning agents, polishes & waxes (non-industrial uses) Questions in relation to alternatives (mainly for individual companies) Sub-Use Non-PFAS alternatives Cleaners (for glass, metal, ceramic, carpet and upholstery) Aftermarket carpet care Dishwashing products (rinse aids) Dry cleaning products Waxes and polishes (for i.e. furniture, floors and cars) Windshield wiper fluids Windshield treatments (for automobiles) Rain-repellent fluids - hydrocarbon or silicone based surfactants - siloxane gemini surfactants - silicone dioxide ? ? - carnauba wax L nonfluorinated non-ionic or anionic surfactants - non fluorinated surfactants sulfosuccinate) - polydimethylsiloxane ? (e.g. sodium V. Questions - Section D - Cleaning agents, polishes & waxes (non-industrial uses) Questions in relation to impact of legislative measures (for companies and industry associations) V. Questions - Section B - Cosmetics Questions in relation to the use (mainly for industry associations) dioctyl The following linked information presents the current picture: Report summary cosmetics july 2021.pdf In the tables presented on this page and the following, '?" in the cells show that the authorities do not have any information available. Input to fill these gaps is highly appreciated. 2965584 Sub-Use Skin Care Toiletries Hair Care Perfumes and Fragrances Decorative Cosmetics TonEe9S Sones ee Pryaarinthe Al Expected trend (=-/-10/+/++)? 8.2 0 0.6 0 1 0 0 0 1.2 0 TF Emission/year EEA (tonnes F) EOF Emissions*/year in EEAS (tonnes F) 6.2 0.009 0.5 0.3 0.9 0.5 0 0 0.7 0.2 1 Based on the total fluorine (TF) measurements. Quantities PFAS/year are obtained by using a conversion factor of 1.4-2.0. Rm strong decrease, - = decrease, + = increase, ++ = strong increase, 0 = neutral 3 Emissions to wastewater based on the total fluorine (TF) measurements. 4 Emissions to wastewater based on total extractable organic fluorine (EOF) measurements. 5 Emissions relate to mixture/article use. They do not include PFAS production and the waste stage of the articles. These emissions are covered in a separate section. Also note that emissions do not include mixture/article production.. V. Questions - Section C - Cosmetics Questions in relation to alternatives (mainly for individual companies) Sub-Use Non-PFAS alternatives' Skin care ? Toiletries ? Hair Care ? Perfumes and fragrances ? Decorative cosmetics ? 1 Based on the information gathered so far, the authorities conclude that PFAS can be replaced by other ingredients and do not have unique functions. One reason is that there are far more non-PFAS cosmetic products within the same product categories as the PFAS containing products. V. Questions - Section D - Cosmetics Questions in relation to impact of legislative measures (for companies and industry associations) V. Questions - Section E - Cosmetics Specific questions for the use V. Questions - Section B - Food contact materials & packaging Questions in relation to the use (mainly for industry associations) 2965584 The following linked information presents the current picture: Report summary food contact materials and packaging july 2021.pdf In the tables presented on this page and the following, '?' in the cells show that the authorities do not have any information available. Input to fill these gaps is highly appreciated. Sub-Use Tonnage (tonnes/PFAS) per year in the EEA PFAS solely polymers in table Expected trend (~/-10/+++)" Emissions/year in EEA? (tonnes/PFAS) Product: 41,351,000 (paper and board) Packaging Product: 20,500,000 (plastic packaging) PFAS: 827 - 4,962 (in paper and board) + (3%) 124 - 871 Cookware Industrial applications PFAS: ? (for plastic packaging) Product: ? PFAS: 3,500 (Plastic Europe, AFW, 2017) Product: ? PFAS: 3,0003 (Plastic Europe, AFW, 2017) + (50%, ) ++ (10 - 20%) 1,633 -4,716 (mainly recoating emissions) LE strong decrease, - = decrease, + = increase, ++ = strong increase, 0 = neutral 2 Emissions relate to mixture/article production and mixture/article use. They do not include PFAS production and the waste stage of the articles. These emissions are covered in a separate section. 3 Including pharmaceuticals (could not be disaggregated). V. Questions - Section C - Food contact material & packaging Questions in relation to alternatives (mainly for individual companies) Sub-Use Non-PFAS alternatives 2965584 - natural greaseproof paper - vegetable parchment - clay coatings - silicone Packaging - biopolymers (e.g. chitosan, starch, cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, bioplastics such as polylactic acid (PLA), biowaxes) - synthesis plastics (e.g. low-density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), high density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene (PE), ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET)) - microfibrillar cellulose (MFC), cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) - aqueous dispersions of co-polymers (e.g. styrene acrylic emulsion (SAE)) - aqueous dispersions of waxes (e.g. TopScreen) - water soluble hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) - alkyl succinic anhydride (ASA), alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) - aluminium foil - lamination using impermeable barriers - other plant fibres (miscanthus, etc.) - bitumen coating - re-usable materials - `ceramic' coatings (sol-gel) as replacement of coating material - silicone coatings as replacement of coating material - silicone cookware (not coated metal) as alternative base material, uncoated - superhydrophobic coatings and hydrophobic coatings as replacement of coating material (Nanoscopic layer which is able to resist water. They are made from different materials like zinc c ARTs oxide polystyrene, precipitated manganese oxide polystyrene.) - enamelled cast iron / seasoned calcium carbonate, carbon nano-tube substances cast iron as alternative base material and non-stick coating - full ceramic cookware (not just coated) as alternative base material - carbon steel as alternative base material, uncoated - anodized aluminium coating as alternative base material, may be coated - stainless steel as alternative base material, uncoated - copper as alternative base material, uncoated - stainless steel Industrial applications - ceramic coatings - silicone and silicone coatings - synthetic rubbers and similar neoprene, PES (polyethersulfone)) compounds (nitrile rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, V. Questions - Section D - Food contact material & packaging Questions in relation to impact of legislative measures (for companies and industry associations) V. Questions - Section B - Lubricants Questions in relation to the use (mainly for industry associations) 2965584 The following linked information presents the current picture: Report summary lubricants july 2021.pdf In the tables presented on this page and the following, '?" in the cells show that the authorities do not have any information available. Input to fill these gaps is highly appreciated. Sub-Use Tonnage (tonnes/PFAS)| Expected trend per year in the EEA (==1-10/+/++)1 Emissions/year in EEA? (tonnes/PFAS) Formulation of lubricants In-use stage (sealed articles) In-use stage (open applications) < 3,000 < 3,000 100 soil. Surtene + (5% up to 2030)" water 2d gir: 50 in waste stage: 40 # 80 + 90 1 .- = strong decrease, - = decrease, + = increase, ++ = strong increase, 0 = neutral 2 Emissions relate to mixture/article production and mixture/article use. They do not include PFAS production and only for the formulation of lubricants also the waste stage of the articles. The emissions for PFAS production and the waste stage are also covered in a separate section. V. Questions - Section C - Lubricants Questions in relation to alternatives (mainly for individual companies) Sub-Use Non-PFAS alternatives PTFE (micropowder) PTFE-thickened silicone oil for specific applications High-bearing aromatic thermosetting polyester (ATSP) coating - graphite - amorphous silica - molybdenum disulphide - boron nitride, other inorganics (e.g. layer building zinc phosphates) - water-based phenolic-melamine gold lacquer' alternative (still in R&D phase) - polyurea - graphene V. Questions - Section D - Lubricants Questions in relation to impact of legislative measures (for companies and industry associations) V. Questions - Section B - Construction products Questions in relation to the use (mainly for industry associations) 2965584 The following linked information presents the current picture: Report summary construction products july 2021.pdf In the tables presented on this page and the following, '?' in the cells show that the authorities do not have any information available. Input to fill these gaps is highly appreciated. Sub-Use fonneaiim/s Tonnage ) Expected trend Emissions/year in EEA? peryearinihe EEA | iior+1++)! | (tonnes/PFAS) Formulation of articles and commercial construction mixtures In-use stage (outdoor articles) Pol'ymeric PFAS Wo [In-use stage (indoor . In-use stage (outdoor mixtures) ) . In-use stage (indoor mixtures) Formulation of articles and commercial construction mixtures Use of processing aids aa In-use stage (outdoor articles) In-use stage (indoor applications) In-use stage (outdoor mixtures) " . In-use stage (indoor mixtures) 7,390 3,270 321 164 150 10,900 3,700 1,712 1,712 1,420 1,502 ++ (5 - 8% for PIPE, PVD? EFTE until 2030) +{1 -hin in soil, surface water and air: 330 in waste stage: 170 Insel, iSSe s ga in water an air: 2 [-- in soil, surface water i and air: 9 in soil, surface water 20d 20 04 in soil, surface water and air: 273 in waste stage: 163 in soil, surface water and air: 5 in waste stage: 3,695 in plate ad in soil, surface water and air: 1 Surigas insol al and air: 91 in soil, surface water and air 0.75 1 -- = strong decrease, - = decrease, + = increase, ++ = strong increase, 0 = neutral 2 Emissions relate to mixture/article production and mixture/article use. They do not include PFAS production and only in some cases the waste stage of the articles. The emissions for PFAS production and the waste stage are also covered in a separate section. V. Questions - Section C - Construction products Questions in relation to alternatives (mainly for individual companies) 2965584 Sub-Use Non-PFAS alternatives Thermal insultation applications Processing aids in the production of construction products - polyisocyanurate | phenolic thermal product I . n? (only confidential information) - cotton and other natural fibres Architectural fabrics - polyamid (nylon) - polyester - fiberglass - aramid (Kevlar, Twaron) - carbon fibres Fluoropolymer tube lining - polypropylene - silicone - PVC Paints and coatings Coating additives L polyurethane - polyester powder - wax emulsions - silicones/silanes/polysiloxanes - hydrocarbon polymer technologies - hydrocarbon and silicone-based surfactants - short chain, polyether-modified siloxanes - low molecular weight polyether-modified siloxanes - siloxane multi-functional surfactants Superhydrophobic coatings Wood primer and inks - alkoxylates (silicone and solvent-free) - polymeric matrix (the binder) added nanoparticles (the filler) - sulfosuccinates (e.g. sodium salt of sulfosuccinate to hydrophobic di-(2-ethylhexyl) Rust protection systems, marine paints,resins, printing inks and coatings in electrical applications - propylated napthalenes - propylated biphenyls V. Questions - Section D - Construction products Questions in relation to impact of legislative measures (for companies and industry associations) V. Questions - Section B - Medical devices Questions in relation to the use (mainly for industry associations) The following linked information presents the current picture: Report summary medical devices july 2021.pdf In the tables presented on this page and the following, '?' in the cells show that the authorities do not have any information available. Input to fill these gaps is highly appreciated. 2965584 Sub-Use! Tonnage (tonnes/PFAS) | Expected trend | Emissions/year in EEA3 per year in the EEA (==I-10/+1++)? (tonnes/PFAS) Anesthetics Contrast media 2-1,000 + 2-100 ? Propellants 160 - 400 ? MDI incl. F-gases 24,000 - 43,000 ? Medical devices incl. packaging 3.700 - 14,000 ? (mainly polymers) ~2-1,000 ~2-100 ~ 160 - 400 ~ 4,200 9 1 Contrast media, propellants and F-gases are mentioned here as medical devices. Pim strong decrease, - = decrease, + = increase, ++ = strong increase, 0 = neutral 3 Emissions relate to mixture/article production and mixture/article use. They do not include PFAS production and the waste stage of the articles. These emissions are covered in a separate section. V. Questions - Section C - Medical devices Questions in relation to alternatives (mainly for individual companies) V. Questions - Section D - Medical devices Questions in relation to impact of legislative measures (for companies and industry associations) V. Questions - Section E - Medical devices Specific questions for the use V. Questions - Section B - Medicinal Products Questions in relation to the use (mainly for industry associations) The following linked information presents the current picture: Report summary medicinal products july 2021. pdf In the tables presented on this page and the following, '?' in the cells show that the authorities do not have any information available. Input to fill these gaps is highly appreciated. Sub-Usc Tonnage (tonnes/PFAS) | Expected trend | Emissions/year in EEA? per year in the EEA (--/-101+1++)" (tonnes/PFAS) Medicines > 500 3 + (human pharmaceuticals) Medicines " y 4 (veterinary pharmaceuticals) Pharmaceutical intermediates? 8,200 (ECHA) ? > 500 ; : ? ft em strong decrease, - = decrease, + = increase, ++ = strong increase, 0 = neutral 2965584 2 Emissions relate to mixture/article production and mixture/article use. They do not include PFAS production and the waste stage of the articles. These emissions are covered in a separate section. 3 The whole molecule/API is counted in this calculation. V. Questions - Section C - Medicinal Products Questions in relation to alternatives (mainly for individual companies) V. Questions - Section D - Medicinal Products Questions in relation to impact of legislative measures (for companies and industry associations) V. Questions - Section E - Medicinal Products Specific questions for the use V. Questions - Section B - Metal plating & manufacturing of metal products Questions in relation to the use (mainly for industry associations) The following linked information presents the current picture: Report summary metal plating and manufacturing of metal products july 2021.pdf In the tables presented on this page and the following, '?' in the cells show that the authorities do not have any information available. Input to fill these gaps is highly appreciated. Sub-Use Tonnage (tonnes/PFAS) peerryyear in the EEA Expectod rend (~1-101+/++)! Emissions/year in EEA? (tonnes/PFAS) . Metal plating Manufacture of metal products 2-57 (6:2 FTS in chrome % . plating) 960 (fluoropolymers) 0 11.4 (6:2 FTS in chrome ! plating) ?` LSE strong decrease, - = decrease, + = increase, ++ = strong increase, 0 = neutral 2 Emissions relate to mixture/article production and mixture/article use. They do not include PFAS production and the waste stage of the articles. These emissions are covered in a separate section. V. Questions - Section C - Metal plating & manufacturing of metal products Questions in relation to alternatives (mainly for individual companies) Sub-Use Non-PFAS alternatives Metal plating (here specifically chrome plating) Manufacture of metal products 2965584 - alkane sulfonates - amines, C12-C14 alkyl, ethoxylated - oleo amine ethoxylates (e.g. mixtures with (Z)-octadec-9-enylamine ethoxylated) - 3-[dodecyl(dimethyl) ammonio]propan-1-sulfonate (mixture with 3-hydroxypropane-1- sulfonic acid and amines, coco alkyldimethyl, N-oxides) - paraffin oils, sulfochlorinated, saponified - isodecanol, ethoxylated - chromium (ll) plating - add-on air pollution control devices (e.g. packed bed scrubbers) - thermal spraying (e.g. high velocity oxygen fuel process) - physical vapour deposition - case hardening process (e.g. plasma nitriding) - laser metal deposition - anhydrous ionic liquids based on chromium (lll)salts - closed coating reactors - nickel-based coatings - sulfonation of plastics with sulfur trioxide in the gas phase - acidic permanganate solutions, nitric acid and trichloroacetic acid mixtures V. Questions - Section D - Metal plating & manufacturing of metal products Questions in relation to impact of legislative measures (for companies and industry associations) V. Questions - Section E - Metal plating & manufacturing of metal products Specific questions for the use V. Questions - Section B - PFAS production (manufacturing) Questions in relation to the use (mainly for industry associations) The following linked information presents the current picture: Report summary production july 2021.pdf In the tables presented on this page and the following, '?" in the cells show that the authorities do not have any information available. Input to fill these gaps is highly appreciated. Sup-Use Tonnage (tonnes/PFAS) per year in the EEA Expected trend (==/-10/+/++)1 Emissions/year in EEA? (tonnes/PFAS) Fluoropolymers Produced: 49,458 - 101,763 Imported: 36,148 (Eurostat) Exported: 28,718 (Eurostat) + (stakeholder) in air: 10 - 20 in water: 3-6 F-gas Remaining PFAS Produced: 13,600 - 52,800 Imported: 84,284 (Literature) Exported: 10,371 (Eurostat) Produced: 53,902 - 118,051 Imported: 103,586 (Eurostat) Exported: 131,866 (Eurostat) 0 (stakeholder) + (stakeholder) in air: 280 - 1,086 in water: 0.6 -2.3 inair: 11 - 24 inwater: 3-7 1 .- = strong decrease, - = decrease, + = increase, ++ = strong increase, 0 = neutral 2965584 2 Emissions only relate to PFAS production. They do not include mixture/article production, mixture/article use and the waste stage of the articles. These emissions are covered in the other sections of this survey. V. Questions - Section C - PFAS production (manufacturing) Questions in relation to alternatives (mainly for individual companies) V. Questions - Section D - PFAS production (manufacturing) Questions in relation to impact of legislative measures (for companies and industry associations) V. Questions - Section E - PFAS production (manufacturing) Specific questions for the use V. Questions - Section B - Ski treatment Questions in relation to the use (mainly for industry associations) The following linked information presents the current picture: Report summary ski treatment july 2021.pdf Additionally, the Norwegian Environment Agency also published a short version of the report. This version can be accessed via the following link: PFAS in the treatment of skis - Use, Emissions and Alternatives In the tables presented on this page and the following, '?' in the cells show that the authorities do not have any information available. Input to fill these gaps is highly appreciated. Subs-Uca Tonnage (tonnes/PFAS) per year in the EEA Expected trend (=-1-10/+1++)? Emissions/year in EEA? (tonnes/PFAS) i riwar 1.64 in soil: 0.452 in surface water: 0.452 - in air: 0.041 in waste stage: 0.695 ' -- = strong decrease, - = decrease, + = increase, ++ = strong increase, 0 = neutral 2 Emissions relate to mixture/article production and mixture/article use. They do not include PFAS production. The emissions for PFAS production and the waste stage are also covered in a separate section. V. Questions - Section C - Ski treatment Questions in relation to alternatives (mainly for individual companies) Sub-Use Non-PFAS alternatives 2965584 Fluorine-free waxes Ski wax Alterations to the ski itself - hydrocarbon and paraffin waxes - siloxanes (but they are subject to environmental concerns) - nanoparticle-based waxes are being developed. - a modified microstructure of the ski base - improved performance of the polyethylene of the ski - heating the base to obtain a better glide - controlling the vibrations of the ski V. Questions - Section D - Ski treatment Questions in relation to impact of legislative measures (for companies and industry associations) V. Questions - Section E - Ski treatment Specific questions for the use V. Questions - Section B - TULAC (textiles, upholstery, leather, apparel and carpets) Questions in relation to the use (mainly for industry associations) The following linked information presents the current picture: Report summary TULAC july 2021.pdf In the tables presented on this page and the following, '?' in the cells show that the authorities do not have any information available. Input to fill these gaps is highly appreciated. Sub-Use Tonnage (tonnes/PFAS) per year in the EEA Expeciest wend (=-/-10/+1++)1 Emissions/year in EEA? (tonnes/PFAS) Home textiles Low/High 6,230/27,368 ++ Consumer apparel 8,161/47,148 + Professional apparel 5,220/20,044 ++ Technical textiles 6,201/26,541 ++ Medical applications 331/1,095 os Leather ? ++ Other 15,041/20,496 ++ Total 41,184/142,692 ++ 1. = strong decrease, - = decrease, + = increase, ++ = strong increase, 0 = neutral Low/High ? ? ? ? ? i ? 4,933/18,103 2 Emissions relate to mixture/article production and mixture/article use. They do not include PFAS production and the waste stage of the articles. These emissions are covered in a separate section. V. Questions - Section C - TULAC (textiles, upholstery, leather, apparel and carpets) Questions in relation to alternatives (mainly for individual companies) Sub-Use Non-PFAS alternatives 2965584 Home textiles Consumer pRpare! Professional apparel ' Technical : textiles Carpets and rugs Curtains Upholstery (e.g. fabrics for soft-furnishings, including large furniture items) Outdoor wear - non-ionic polymer - ester compounds - hydrocarbon compounds, - organic solvent and water - no specific substances found, see general textile (FF) - hydrotreated heavy naphtha (petroleum) - non-ionic polymer, ester compound, hydrocarbon compound, organic solvent and water - non-ionic polymer - ester compounds - hydrocarbon compounds - organic solvent and water - mixture of linear and branched Indoor wear hydrocarbons ? Sports wear ? Footwear ? Professional sports wear and footwear [PPE for industrial applications " ' e.g. for chemical workers, fire-fighters, O&G workers, law enforcement and military forces Outdoor technical textiles e.g. canvas, awnings, tarps, tents, bags, sails, rope, umbrellas : -- Medical applications "non-woven", e.g. ? surgical drapes, gowns, curtains High performance membranes e.g. automotive and medical fests in Sener gripe Suusbes-)Calepery 2965584 - paraffin - non-ionic polymer - ester compounds - alcohols, C12-16, ethoxylated (>5-15 EO) - hydrocarbon polymer dispersion - aqueous preparation of polymer waxes - paraffin oils and a fat modified melamine resin - dispersion of paraffin wax and acrylic copolymer - paraffin oils and a fat modified melamine resin and blocked polyisocyanates - dispersion of paraffin oils and a fat modified melamine resin - naphtha (petroleum), hydrotreated heavy, - modified wax dispersion - (bee-) wax - carnauba wax - acrylate copolymer - dispersion of fat-modified chemicals and paraffin - plant seed oil, bio based product - acrylic polymer and paraffin dispersion - acrylic polymer and silicone reactive dispersion - acrylic polymer, reactive silicone and paraffin dispersion - functionalised polymers/waxes, cationic - emulsifier-free paraffin wax - emulsion containing aluminum - acrylic polymer and dispersion of fatty derivatives - polyethylene oxide mono-C12-16-alkyl ether - aminofunctional PDMS - sodium methylsiliconate water - potassium methylsiliconate - isobutyltrimethoxy silane - octylsilane - hexyltriethoxysilane - blend of n-octyltriethoxysilane and reactive silicone, octyltrimethoxysilane-based - methoxy terminated silsesquixanes - emulsion of polydimethylsiloxane - cationic polysiloxane and polyester - polysiloxane - mixtures of silicones and stearamidomethyl pyridine chloride, sometimes together with carbamide (urea) and melamine resins - aminofunctional polysiloxanes - water-based silicone emulsion - solvent-dilutable silicone solution - siloxane dispersion with modified polyamide, - acrylic polymer and silicone reactive dispersion - dodecamethyl pentasiloxane (PDMS) 2965584 - aqueous, solvent free dendrimers - anionic dispersion of an aliphatic polyether urethane - polyurethane emulsion, water-based - anionic dispersion of a matt polyether polyurethane, water-based, solvent free - anionic dispersion of an aliphatic polycarbonate urethane Leather Leather in general - plasma based nano-coating, molecularly attached hydrophobic 'whiskers' attached to individual fibres, uses a hydrocarbon polymer - hybrid (silicone/hydrocarbon) - solvent-dilutable silicone solution - water-based silicone emulsion Other Home fabric treatments (sprays) - alkyl polysiloxane solution V. Questions - Section D - TULAC (textiles, upholstery, leather, apparel and carpets) Questions in relation to impact of legislative measures (for companies and industry associations) V. Questions - Section E - TULAC (textiles, upholstery, leather, apparel and carpets) Specific questions for the use V. Questions - Section B - Petroleum & mining Questions in relation to the use (mainly for industry associations) The following linked information presents the current picture: Report summary petroleum and mining july 2021.pdf Additionally, the Norwegian Environment Agency also published a short version of the report. This version can be accessed via the following link:PFAS in mining and petroleum industry -- use, emissions and alternatives In the tables presented on this page and the following, '?' in the cells show that the authorities do not have any information available. Input to fill these gaps is highly appreciated. Sub-Use Quantity of product used (t) Jonhage (tonnes/PFAS) per year in the EEA Expected trend (~-1-10/+1++)1 Emissions/year in EEA? (tonnes/PFAS) 2965584 in soil: 0 - 0.005 in water: 0.020 - 0.025 Water and gas traces 1 in marine water: 0 - 0.110 1 03 in air: 0.025 - 0.070 in waste stage: 0.020 - 0.145 in soil: 0 - 0.045 in water: 0.070 - 0.210 Drilling/Production chemicals 170 3-8 in marine water: 0.020 - 03 0.760 in air: 0.085 - 0.635 in waste stage: 0.015 - 0.230 in soil: < 0.001 in water: < 0.001 BLlouwoopclyaers (all) scenario 0.004 - 0.008 3.500 - 7,500.5 0? monomeric PFAS in marine water: < 0.001 in air: 0.001 - 0.002 in waste stage: 0.001 - 0.003 in soil: 0.020 - 0.045 in water: 0.003 - 0.006 Fluoropolymers (all) High scenario 3500-75005 09-19 08 monomeric PFAS in marine water: 0.020 0.040 in air: 0.270 - 0.580 in waste stage: 0.310 - 0.670 lie strong decrease, - = decrease, + = increase, ++ = strong increase, 0 = neutral 2 Emissions relate to mixture/article production and mixture/article use. They do not include PFAS production. 3 Conservative annual growth of 1%. 41 ppm monomeric PFAS in fluoropolymers (Lohmann et al., 2020). 50-2000 ppm monomeric PFAS in fluoropolymers (Okopol 2014 and used in PFOA restriction). V. Questions - Section C - Petroleum & mining Questions in relation to alternatives (mainly for individual companies) Sub-Use Non-PFAS alternatives Water and gas tracers - radioactive tracers - noble gas isotopic tracer - Xenon - radiolabelled compounds Drilling and production (antifoaming) - polydimethylsiloxane (PMDS) oils - ethyl siloxanes - polypropylene glycol - naphthalene/1,2,4-trimethylbenzene based products - dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether - 2,6-dimethylheptan-4-one. - steel Fluoropolymers - other metal alloys - non-metal materials (ceramic or epoxy based) - cross-linked polyethylene (XL PE) - polyamides such as ethylene propylene diene (EPDM) - hydrogenated nitrile Rubber (HNBR) - polyether ether ketone (PEEK) V. Questions - Section D - Petroleum & mining Questions in relation to impact of legislative measures (for companies and industry associations) V. Questions - Section E - Petroleum & mining Specific questions for the use V. Questions - Section B - F-gas uses Questions in relation to the use (mainly for industry associations) 2965584 The following linked information presents the current picture: Report summary F gas uses july 2021.pdf Additionally, the Norwegian Environment Agency also published a short version of the report. This version can be accessed via the following link: Application of Fluorinated Gases (F-Gases) in the European Economic Area In the tables presented on this page and the following, '?' in the cells show that the authorities do not have any information available. Input to fill these gaps is highly appreciated. Sub-Use Tonnage Expected | (tonnes/PFAS) per year in the EEA trend (--/-/0/+/++)" EwmigsiEoEnAs/vear in {10NnHeSIPEAS)3 all emissions to air for F-gases| Domestic refrigeration Commercial refrigeration Industrial refrigeration Transport refrigeration Mobile air conditioning Stationary air conditioning and heat pumps Foam blowing agent (closed cell) Foam blowing agent (open cell) Fire protection Propellants (non-MDI) 122 7,915 2,360 1,010 5,221 7.465 4,940 271 863 504 0 17 + 9,547 - 3,680 0 1,341 ++ 11,726 ot 7.458 + 4,186 0 1,074 0 703 - 701 Solvents Cover gas for magnesium casting Other 2965584 ? 0 > 11 ? + > 23 2 ? 35 (SP _ strong decrease, - = decrease, + = increase, ++ = strong increase, 0 = neutral 2 Emissions relate to mixture/article production and mixture/article use. They do not include PFAS production and the waste stage of the articles. These emissions are covered in a separate section. 3 Due to large tonnages in stock, emissions can be higher than annual tonnage. V. Questions - Section C - F-gas uses Questions in relation to alternatives (mainly for individual companies) Sub-Use Non-PFAS alternatives Domestic refrigeration Commercial refrigeration Industrial refrigeration Transport refrigeration Mobile air conditioning Stationary air conditioning and heat pumps Foam blowing agent (closed cell) Foam blowing agent (open cell) - iso-butane - propane (not in-kind refrigeration cycles) - CO, - isobutane - propane - COs - ammonia - n-butane - CO2 - ammonia - CO, with N, as direct coolant - propane (not in-kind: advanced cool box storage) C0: - propane - CO, - ammonia - propane Depending on the specific application: - cyclopentane - iso-pentane - n-pentane - isobutane - n-butane - 2-chloropropane dimethyl ether (DME) - methyl formate - methylal - CO; / methyl formate - CO, (water) - CO; (liquid) - CO, / ethanol - water blown foams Fire protection - inert gases (nitrogen and argon) - CO, - water mist technologies - inert gas generators - fine solid particle technology - dry chemical agents - water and aqueous salt solutions Compressed gases: - air - nitrogen - nitrous oxide - CO, Liquefied gases: - butane Propellants (non-MDI) - propane - isobutane - dimethyl ether Not-in-kind alternatives: - trigger sprays - finger pumps - squeeze bottles - non-sprayed products including roll-ons - bag-on-valve products Depending on the specific application: - isopropyl alcohol (IPA) - n-Propyl bromide - dichloromethane Solvents - trans-1,2-dichloroethylene - trichloroethylene (TCE) - perchloroethylene (PER) - volatile methyl siloxanes - hydrocarbons (hexane, heptane, benzene) - acetone - semi-aqueous / aqueous cleaning - manual cleaning methods (aerosols, brush, trigger spray, liquid immersion, spot cleaning, wipes) - ultrasonic - plasma cleaning - supercritical fluids -- CO, - no clean fluxes - SO, Cover gas for magnesium casting - argon - salt fluxes - powdered sulfur V. Questions - Section D - F-gas uses Questions in relation to impact of legislative measures (for companies and industry associations) 2965584 V. Questions - Section E - F-gas uses Specific questions for the use V. Questions - Section B - Electronics & energy Questions in relation to the use (mainly for industry associations) 2965584 The following linked information presents the current picture: Report summary electronics and energy july 2021.pdf In the tables presented on this page and the following, '?" in the cells show that the authorities do not have any information available. Input to fill these gaps is highly appreciated. Subse Tonnage (tonnes/PFAS)|Expected trend|Emissions/year in EEA per year in the EEA (=~1-10/+/++)" (tonnes/PFAS) Electronics industry and semiconductor Semiconductor Energy industry Non-Polymers: 1,200 Polymers: 3,100 Total: 4,300 Noho else Polymers: 1,400 Total: 1,485 Non-Polymers: 250 Polymers: 1,200 Total: 1,450 Batteries Polymers: 15,000 ++ Production: 700 Use: 20 Recycling / waste: 900 ++ Production: 40 ++ Use: 1 Recycling / waste: > 24 Production: ? ++ Use: ? Recycling: ? 1. = strong decrease, - = decrease, + = increase, ++ = strong increase, 0 = neutral V. Questions - Section C - Electronics & energy Questions in relation to alternatives (mainly for individual companies) Sub-Use Non-PFAS alternatives For fluoroelastomers in sealing: ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) and silicone rubbers LL Electronics industry and d semiiccoonndduuccttor For wire insulation: ilicone materials Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) For photolithography (hard and not for all applications): hydrocarbon-based greases, Molybdenum disulfide, graphite 2965584 Sub-Use Non-PFAS alternatives For fluoropolymer-based backsheets for photovoltaic cells polyolefin could be an alternative. Other fluorine free backsheets made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET and/or ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) can/are also used For cables: Mica and EPDM For seals: Hydrocarbon elastomers Energy industry For batteries :Solid-state batteries For fuel cells: For PEM membranes: Hydrocarbon membrane and sulphonated polyetheretherketone (PEEK) Reinforcement material as alternative to PTFE: Electrospun polybenzimidazole-type materials For sealings: Some elastomers without fluorine exist and could potentially be used in the future for the Membrane Electrodes Assembly (MEA) function For immersion cooling: Synthetic oil V. Questions - Section D - Electronics & energy Questions in relation to impact of legislative measures (for companies and industry associations) V. Questions - Section E - Electronics & energy Specific questions for the use V. Questions - Section B - Transportation Questions in relation to the use (mainly for industry associations) The following linked information presents the current picture: Report summary transportation july 2021.pdf In the tables presented on this page and the following, '?' in the cells show that the authorities do not have any information available. Input to fill these gaps is highly appreciated. Bub-Use Body-, hull and fuselage construction : ny SeSaalng spplliiccaatlons Lubrication Hydraulic fluids Tonnage (tonnes/PFAS) peerr.yyear in the EEA Expected trend y |[Emissions/year in EEA (=-I-/0 [+]++) . | (tonnes/PFAS) ? 0 7 111,104 (fluoroelastomers in s ? road transportation vehicles) ? 0 ? ? 0 ? Electrical engineering and information technology Coating and finishings (incl. textiles, interiors and related applications, e.g. coating of trim materials) F-gases in road HVACR systems transportation vehicles (heating, ventilation, |F-gases in systems in air conditioning and [trains/ships/aircrafts refrigeration) F-gases in systems for transport refrigeration Health protection and lifesaving equipment (incl. firefighting, life vests, life rafts, airbags, 2) n ? 184.980 n| 10.926 ? 2965584 " " + ? i 5000 * " 495.8 + ? Voit strong decrease, - = decrease, + = increase, ++ = strong increase, 0 = neutral 2 Emissions relate to mixture/article production and mixture/article use. They do not include PFAS production and the waste stage of the articles. These emissions are covered in a separate section. V. Questions - Section C - Transportation Questions in relation to alternatives (mainly for individual companies) Sub-Use Non-PFAS alternatives Body-, hull and fuselage construction Sealing applications Lubrication Hydraulic fluids Electrical engineering and information technology ? ? 2 ? " - silicone based chemicals Coating and finishings (incl. textiles, interiors and related appliactions, e.g. coating of trim materials) - sulfosuccinates - propylated aromatics - fatty alcohol polyglycol ether sulphates - alkyl acrylates - polyurethanes and -acrylics - air - water HVACR systems (heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration) - ethylene glycol - mineral oils - silicone oils - alcohols Health protection and lifesaving equipment (incl. firefighting, life vests, life rafts, airbags, ...) - natural gases: HC-600 (n-butane), R-717 (Ammonia), R-744 (COy) ? V. Questions - Section D - Transportation 2965584 Questions in relation to impact of legislative measures (for companies and industry associations) V. Questions - Section E - Transportation Specific questions for the use For this restricton proposal the assessment of the transportation sector encompassess: road traffic, ships, trains and aircrafts. We identified the following applications of PFAS in the transportation sector: 1.) Body-, hull and fuselage construction 2.) Sealing applications 3.) Lubrication 4.) Hydraulic fluids 5.) Electrical engineering and information technology 6.) Coating and finishings (incl. textiles, interiors, and related applications e.g. coating of road signs) 7.) HVACR systems (heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration) 8.) Health protection and life saving equipment (incl. fire prevention and fire fighting) V. Questions - Section B - Waste Questions in relation to the use (mainly for industry associations) The following linked information presents the current picture: Report summary waste july 2021 .pdf In the tables presented on this page and the following, '?' in the cells show that the authorities do not have any information available. Input to fill these gaps is highly appreciated. Sub-Use Tonnage Expected (tonnes/PFAS) trend per year in the EEA | (--/-/0/+/++)' Emissions/year in EEA? (tonnes/PFAS) Textiles/TULAC Food contact material (paper & board) End-of-life-vehicles (ELV) Waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) 43,605 2,894 2,219 9 ++ WWTP: 3.5 (median) + Landfill: 1.8 (median) + Inci; neratif ono : Flue gas: ? Bottom ash: 0.03 " Fly ash: 0.05 Sewage sludge 0.404 ? 0.3 1. = strong decrease, - = decrease, + = increase, ++ = strong increase, 0 = neutral 2 Emissions only relate to the waste stage. They do not include mixture/article production, mixture/article use and PFAS production. These emissions are covered in the other sections of this survey. V. Questions - Section E - Waste Specific questions for the use Thank you for your participation! 2965584 This is the last page of the survey. Please make sure your information is correct. After clicking on `Submit', you will not be able to change your entries anymore. The following page however will give you the opportunity to save your answers as PDF document or print them.