Document V3L3awXJB4VE2gyQ53Ya6rB3K

Effects of Fluorotelomer Products on the Bacterial Growth, Degradation of Organ Microbial Population from Activated Sludge of a Domestic Sewage Treatm i N.1. Folsom P.W.1, Decarolis, J.1, Fallon, R.1, Berti W.R.1, Buck R.C.2 and Gannon J.T.1 1 DuPont Central Research and USA;2 DuPont Chemical Solutions Enterprise, Wiimington, DE, USA AR226-3356 BACKGROUND INFORMATION The backbones offluorotelomers are made offluorinated monomers with a -(CF;)- chain length ofapprox. 4-12. The unique structure offluorotelomers give their surface protection properties (oil, water, and dirt repellent). The fluorotelomer products also contain some additives plus ~80% water to increase their dispersity to finish products. EXPERIMENTAL METHODS (Continued) II. DesTEtdation of^C-gnUine by activated sludee 250-mL volume Pyrex glass botlles were used. Each loose-capped bottle contained 50 mL of fresh activated sludge from a POTW (Elkton, MD, USA) in mineral medium plus a test chemical (10 mg glucose Equiv.L-') and ~ 1.2 mgL-1 of'^-labeled aniline (~ 4.5 uCi '^ per bottle). The degradation (mineralization) of the '^C-aniline by the activated sludge was monitored periodically by measuring '^ counts remained in the sample solution; this was done by transferring 0.1 mL sample solution to a scintillation vial containing 0.2 mL of 1 N HC1 to remove '^CO; and subsequently 5 mL of a liquid scintillation cocktail was added to the vials for ^C counting by a liquid scintillation counter (Beckman LS 5000 TD). The difference in '^C counts between day 0 and a particular sampling time point approximates the level of '^-aniline lhat have been mineralized. STUDY OBJECTIVES To assess whether fluorotelomer products have any adverse effect on microbial growth. To assess the ability of microbes to degrade pollutants at the presence of these products. To assess whether these products have any impact on the microbial communities over time. EXPERIMENTAL METHODS (Continued) _ US. Analysis of Microbial aommunhies in activateilsfarfgg The experiment set up is very similar to the Experiment H, except that no ^C-aniline was used. 250mL volume Pyrex glass bottles were used. Each loose-capped bottle contained 50 mL of fresh activated sludge from a POTW (Elfcton, MD, USA) in mineral medium plus a test chemical (10 mg glucose Equiv. L"'). The test medium was sampled periodically to extract DNA for DGOE (denatured gradient gel eiectrophoresis) analysis of possible microbial community changes. Universal bacterial PCR primers (Forward Primer 5' COC CCG CCG CGC CCC GCC CCG CCG CCC CCG CCC GCC TAC OGG AGO CAG CAG 3' and Reverse Primer: 5' CTA TTA CCG COG CTO CTO GC 3') containing 40 bp ofGC clamp were used to amplify the variable V6 region of bacterial 16S ribosomal DNA. The amplified DNA fragment was used to perform DGOE and the agarose gel was stained with SYBR Gold to visualize the separated DNAs. EXPER Study Material Polymer Fluorotelomer I. Microbial Growth 1. 24-welt cell culture plate contained 1 roL of the grow chemical (0"- Ig TOC Equi bacterial culture originated was monitored automatical with a Tecan Gemos plate r medium = 0.5 cm.) 2. 250 mL culture flasks w medium plus a test chemica temperature) was monitored culture plate and the absorib (TheOpticalpaitUengibof the I m RESU 1. At up to 2.5 g extremely hig environmenta bacterial grow products (Figu 2. In general, the bacterial cultu comparison w possibly due t as an energy s Effects of Fluorotelomer Products on the Bacterial Growth, Degradation of Organ Microbial Population from Activated Sludge of a Domestic Sewage Treatm (Continued) 3. 75% of "C-anilin fluorotelomer pro compared with 64 Figure 1. Effect of Fluorotcloiner Acrylate Polymer on the bacterial growth. Figure 2. Effect of Fluorotelomer Urcthaac Polymer on the bacterial growth. ea rn Ttmo after the Initiation (min) Figure 3. Effect of Fluorotelomer Ethoxylate on the bacteria) growth. Time after the initiation (min) Figure 4. Effect of Fluoroiclomcr Phosphate on the bacterial growth Time after the Initiation (h) Figure 5. Effect of nuorotelomer products on the bacterial growth. Figore 6 sludg 4. The presence of fluorotelomer products in the activated sludge seemed to have no effect on the microbial communities. I - Siadge only. n -10 tag gincoic L-' llndge ni -10 nigglBcoM Equlvornnorolclomor Urcthxne Polymer L'1 dudge IV -10 rag gluctw Eqalv orFlBorotdomer Ethoiylale L-1 iludge V -lOmggluconiEqtdvofnnorotoloiaer PlHUpluteL-'tlndgc VI -10 niE glocoK Eqaiv or nnoroteiomw Acrybte Polymer L-1 ilndge Numeric nnroben indicate the days after the Initiation or the Mperimcnt. Each blue arrow rcpnuenli a poiilbk bacterial population. 10 At up to 2.5 g glucose E bacterial growth was ob The presence of fluorot did not affect the sludg ' The presence of fluorot did not induce or dimini sludge, in comparison w Because the concentrat treatment plant is likely apparent that none of th impact on the microbia