Document RjKpyxjNKp00d501yeOGwO1YE

MVA SCIENTIFIC CONSULTANTS 3300 Breckinridge Boulevard Suite 400 Duluth, GA 30096 770-662-8509 FAX 770-662-8532 www.mvainc.com Report of Results: MVA8348 Examination of Ford Truck Brakes for Asbestos Prepared for: The Simmons Firm 707 Berkshire Blvd. E. Alton, IL 62024 Respectfully Submitted by: Steven P. Compton, Ph.D. Research Scientist _R.V-- Jambs R. Millette, Ph.D. Executive Director MVA Scientific Consultants 3300 Breckinridge Boulevard Suite 400 Duluth, GA 30096 8348report062910 29 June 2010 MXi MVA SCIENTIFIC CONSULTANTS Report of Results: MVA8348 Examination of Ford Truck Brakes for Asbestos Introduction This report presents the results of an examination for asbestos content of a set of four brake linings manufactured by the Ford Motor Company. The set was received at MVA Scientific Consultants on 30 March 2010 from The Simmons Firm and assigned unique MVA Scientific Consultants laboratory sample number V0582. According to the information provided the set was for a 1963-1966 Ford truck. The analysis was done in our laboratory during the period 30 April through 23 June 2010. Methods The linings were initially examined under an Olympus SZ-40 stereomicroscope at magnifications from 7X to 40X. Samples of the brake linings were mounted in Cargille refractive index liquids for analysis by polarized light microscopy (PLM) using either an Olympus BH-2 polarized light microscope (PLM) with a magnification range of 100X to 1,000X or an aus Jena Jenapol PLM having a magnification range from 16X to 500X. The PLM analysis followed the analytical procedures recommended by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1). The PLM results for asbestos are given in terms of percent by volume. Samples of brake particles released to a hand during handling were examined and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) using a JEOL JSM-6490LV SEM coupled with a Thermo Scientific Noran System SIX x-ray energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) system. The released particles were collected by touching the brake linings and then pressing a finger directly on an adhesive-coated SEM stub to transfer any particles adhering to the finger. Before handling each lining, the investigator's hands were washed and a control blank adhesive-coated SEM stub was prepared by touching a clean finger to the stub. The same finger was then used to prepare the actual sample. In order to concentrate possible amphibole material for analysis, an acid/base digestion procedure (2, 3) was used to eliminate the soluble fraction. A portion of the sample was ashed and the residue remaining was transferred to a 100 ml round-bottom flask containing 80 ml of acid (2N H2S04) and fitted with a reflux condenser. The suspension was boiled for one hour. The residue was collected by centrifugation and the reflux procedure was repeated with sodium hydroxide (4N). The residue was then suspended in water and a known aliquot was extracted and filtered through a 0.22 pm pore size filter. The filter was dried and grids prepared following standard direct preparation procedures (AHERA/ISO10312) for analysis by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) using a Philips EM420 100 kV transmission electron microscope (TEM) equipped with an Oxford MXi 8348report062910 Page 2 of 12 EDS (energy dispersive spectrometry) x-ray analysis system. A laboratory blank sample following all the procedures except the addition of test material was prepared in a similar way. The TEM results for asbestos are given in terms of percent by weight. Results The results of analysis are shown in Table 1. Photographs of the brake linings as received are shown in Figure 1. Two different types of brake lining are included in the set and have been identified by unique subsample numbers as indicated in Table 1. A light microscopy image representative of asbestos fibers protruding from the lining surface is shown in Figure 2. Polarized light microscopy (PLM) bulk analysis showed that the tan colored brake lining (sample V0582A) contains approximately 40-50% chrysotile asbestos (see Figure 3). The dark gray colored brake lining (sample V0582B) contains approximately 45-55% chrysotile asbestos (see Figure 4). SEM images and x-ray spectra of asbestos fibers released during handling are shown in Figures 5 and 6. No asbestos fibers were detected on any of the SEM blank samples. TEM analysis after acid/base digestion showed that sample V0582A contains approximately 0.0013% amphibole asbestos and sample V0582B contains approximately 0.0032% amphibole asbestos (Table 1). A representative TEM image and spectrum for tremolite contained in the brake linings are presented in Figure 7. The TEM fiber size data for samples V0582A and V0582B are shown in Tables 2 and 3 respectively. No chrysotile or amphibole fibers were found in the blank samples by TEM. As received, the brake linings were not friable. However, asbestos fibers protruded from the surface (Figure 2) and the linings produced dust when scratched or rubbed. References 1. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, "Test Method EPA/600/R-93/116 -- Method for the Determination of Asbestos in Bulk Building Materials." 2. "Analysis of Amphibole Asbestos in Chrysotile and Other Minerals" by J. Addison and L.S.T. Davies. Ann. Occup. Hyg. Vol. 34. No. 2. pp. 159-175, 1990. 3. Millette JR, A. Harmon, P. Few, W.L. Turner, Jr., and W.R. Boltin. Analysis of amphibole asbestos in chrysotile-containing ores and a manufactured asbestos product. Microscope, 57(1): 19-22, 2009. 8348report062910 MUi Page 3 of12 Table 1. Sample Information and Results MVA# V0582A V0582B Sample Information Ford Truck Brake Lining, Tan ME C3TA-2021-B Ford Truck Brake Lining, Dark Gray ME C3TA-2022-A PLM Analysis Results % Chrysotile 40-50% TEM Analysis Results % Amphibole Asbestos 0.0013% 45-55% 0.0032% 8348report062910 M^i Page 4 of 12 Table 2. TEM Amphibole Fiber Data: V0582A Analysis Str. # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 Length 2.2 3.4 2.9 4.3 2.7 4.7 4.3 7.0 2.2 2.4 3.4 1.9 2.2 2.4 2.9 2.4 2.2 4.6 4.3 2.7 4.6 2.9 5.3 2.9 6.3 2.7 5.3 10.1 2.9 4.3 2.9 5.3 2.4 4.3 3.4 Width 0.10 0.19 0.10 0.29 0.29 0.39 0.19 0.10 0.14 0.10 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.24 0.19 0.14 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.24 0.19 0.14 0.24 0.29 0.14 0.24 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.24 0.29 0.14 0.58 0.19 Aspect Ratio 22 18 29 15 9 12 23 70 15 24 23 13 15 10 15 17 11 24 23 14 19 15 37 12 22 18 22 70 20 31 12 18 17 7 18 Mineral TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE 8348report062910 MXi Page 5 of 12 Table 3. TEM Amphibole Fiber Data: V0582B Analysis Str. # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Length 2.9 3.9 6.8 3.4 1.4 3.9 5.3 4.3 4.1 6.8 4.3 4.6 2.7 3.4 1.9 4.8 5.8 3.9 4.8 2.4 2.9 2.2 2.9 3.4 Width 0.14 0.48 0.87 0.19 0.19 0.14 0.24 0.58 0.63 0.29 0.19 0.48 0.24 0.24 0.19 0.14 0.68 0.24 0.14 0.10 0.29 0.10 0.19 0.24 Aspect Ratio 21 8 8 18 7 27 22 7 7 23 23 10 11 14 10 33 9 16 33 25 10 22 15 14 Mineral ACTINOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE ACTINOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE ACTINOLITE ACTINOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE TREMOLITE 8348report062910 MXi MVA SCIENTIFIC CONSULTANTS Page 6 of 12 Figure 1. Both sides (above and below) of brake linings A and B (sample V0582). 03TA-2022-A M- E--C3wTAw-e2.n0u2.2a-AA-. 5TwAwe20211&A C3T 2021 MX US.A ME C3TA 2CT2I-B MEa 2021-g MVA8348 V0582 8348report062910 MXi Page 7 of 12 Figure 2. Macro image of chrysotile fibers observed in brake linings (sample V0582B). 8348report062910 M&i Page 8 of 12 Figure 3. PLM image of chrysotile fibers found in tan brake lining (sample V0582A). Figure 4. PLM image of chrysotile fibers found in gray brake lining (sample V0582B). MXi 8348report062910 Page 9 of 12 Figure 5. SEM image (above) and x-ray spectrum (below) of chrysotile fibers released onto a finger from sample V0582A. Full sc.ile counts: 1054 8348V0582A(2| 8348report062910 keV MXi mva ucinNTinc conm/ltant:. Page 10 of 12 Figure 6. SEM image (above) and x-ray spectrum (below) of chrysotile fibers released onto a finger from sample V0582B. Full scale counts: 12G0 8348V0582B(1| 8348report062910 MXi Page 11 of 12 8348V0582A tremolite str028 J 1 um Figure 7. A TEM image (above) and x-ray spectrum (below) of a tremolite fiber in sample V0582A. 8348report062910 MXi Page 12 of 12 SIMMONS BROWDER GIANARIS ANGELIDES & BARNERD LLC Client Sample ID Simmons ID Ih'a.r /?/'o.zo TtUicK XiAte fatif Comments '7~57' Stu)v c<j A/ lie/: tfsT/e/he: vf OPba//*1(7 At/D /?t:Ay? 0 0 aI or &t<Z<0 1)1^6 STVOy Relinquished by (sign): Via: l/SPS Date: . '/6 Company 7' / / ' , 1K0DL//J-J Printed Name /- Received^y^jign^r^^ .. Date: ^ ' /l7 ' XeJ Company N S)fMA7cri R Printed Name r. H/fonZd// -r* ZZ.C Relinquished^ r Date: Printed Name 3 - 2o-- /o Sjfa,7/r f-Uw/PT*/ Company -- . Z ^it/HcytS -rrr<**\ /- Received byXsign): / V'a:_____ 7S Date: Printed^ame ^ '2c,-/o r^A <ui Company , /" Zlsyrs/ic,,j ~7~ts-fC- t t-C Relinquisjyed-by (sign): / -Ptl. m. ^ / I/ul: w25, ^ J"K.H 1LU.C rri. Date: Printed Name /iD Z.cZ.U Date: y^e/i O Printed Name Company Z s Company * J,rA,^&/7\ -Try/l7 ZZ-C Atv/A S. Li<^T|/cic- C o.'jiitr.wri 707 Berkshire Blvd. P.O.Box 521 East Alton, IL 62024 Telephone (800) 479-9533 Fax (618) 259-2251 [Type text] Page 1