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American Society of Heating and Ventilating Engineers Guide, 1929
ratio as the system increases in capacity, in accordance with Table 13. It should be noted that while water capacities of pumps for fan blast heaters are to be based upon their equivalent in direct radiation the air capacities for this class of radiation may be considerably less than that corresponding to this equivalent.
The air capacity measurement of a vacuum heating pump should be made at a point in the main vacuum return line close to and before it enters the pump strainer, while the pump is in operation, under the
Table 12.
Receiver Tank Capacities for Centrifugal or Rotary Vacuum
Heating Pumps
'.
Sq. Ft. Equivalent Direct Cast Iron Radiation
Total Receiver Tank Capacity in
Gallons
Receiver Tank Capacity between High and Low Water Limits where Automatic Water Line Control is Used.
8,000
16,000 26,000 40,000 65,000
100,000
28 33 40 49 63 80
20
24 29 35 47 63
vacuum specified at the pump suction and while handling the quantity of condensate specified at a temperature not exceeding 180 deg. fahr.
Air test in general may be made with water at lower temperatures; these determinations shall be made by means of a standard test orifice located in an inlet connection to the pump suction, consisting of a plate y8 in. thick with a reamed hole having sharp edges and of a diameter corresponding to the capacity of the pump.
Table 13. Air Capacities for Vacuum Heating Pumps
Sq. Ft. Direct Equivalent Radiation Surface
8,000 . 16,000
26,000 40,000 65,000 100,000 150.000 300,000
Diameter Orifice Vac. 10 in.
9* 64
A"
y*r. h"
Vi" VT A"
Three (3) W
Air Capacity Cu. Ft. per Min.
5 9 15 19
34 60 80 180
Fig. 3, may be used to give the quantity of air handled, corresponding to several sizes of orifices and different degrees of vacuum to be met.
The water capacity of vacuum heating pumps, when operating against 8 in. of mercury vacuum, should be not less than 2A lb. of water per hour per square foot of equivalent cast-iron direct radiation, based upon condensate at a temperature of not over 180 deg. fahr. when the pump is delivering water against a specified gage pressure at the water discharge of the pump. For pumps handling both air and. water the above water capacity must be delivered when the pump is maintaining a vacuum.of -8 in. of mercury and handling air through a standard orifice corresponding to the air capacity of the pump as herein specified.
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Chapter XVIII--Pumps and Traps for Heating and Ventilating Equipment
In estimating the water capacity no additional allowance need be made for covered mains or risers, but exposed mains or risers used as heating surfaces should be included in computing the equivalent square feet of direct radiation.
Steam driven vacuum pump size determination should take into con sideration the following variables:
(a) The degree of tightness of system, (6) the efficiency of the radiator traps, (e) the temperature of the condensate at the pump, (d) the probable cooling effect of the return piping, (e) the use of lift points in the return, (/) vacuum to be maintained at the pump, (g) introduction of large volumes of high temperature water into the return piping near the pump, (h) the use of long runs of piping from the source of steam supply to the farthest radiator.
High-pressure traps should not discharge directly into a vacuum return because of the vapor formfed by the re-evaporation of a part of the hot condensation.
Fig. 4 shows one method which may be used for disposing of the greater part of the vapor of re-evaporation.
Table 14. Direct Double Acting Steam Driven Reciprocating Vacuum Pumps
Diameter
in Inches Water
Cylinder
Condensation Lb. per Hr. for Pumps
with Stroke Equal
to Bore
Direct Cast Iron Radiation
Served
. .. Pipe Sizes .
Steam Suction In. In.
Discharge In.
Pumps Having Unequal
Stroke and Bore
Stroke -7* Bore
Capacity Factor
3 510 1700
m.
2.50
1.58
4 5
1047 1830
3490 6100
A A
2va :
.1 IX
2.25 2:00
1.48 1.38
6
2890
9633
A va- VA
1.90
1.34
7
4250 .
14,166
X
VA-1
1.80
1.31
8
5920
19,733
% 3-3A
2'
1.75
1.29
9
7980
26,600
H 3A-*
2
1.70
1.27
10
10,350
34,500
l
4-iA
W
1.67
1.25
12
16,300
54,333
l
4A-S
3A
1.60
1.23
14
24,000
80,000
iX 5-6
3
i.50
1.10
16
33,500
111,666 - 1M 6^7
3A
1.40
1.15
18
45,000
150,000
lH 7
4
1.33
1.13
20
58,500
195,000
1A 7-8
4A
1.30
1.12
22
74,300
247,666
2
8
m
1.25
1.10
24
92,300
317,666
2
8-10
5
1.20
1.08
26
112,800
376,000
m 10
28
135,800
452,666
VA 12
30
161,300
537,666 VA. 12
32
189,600
632,000
3
14
34
221,000
736,333
3, 14
36
254,000
846,666 3 14
'6 6 ;6
. -7
... 7. 8
1.10 1.00 0.90 0.80 0.75 0.70
1.04 1.00 0.96 0.91 0.89
0.87 .
0.67
0.85
0.60
0.82
0.50
0.78
Note I.---The capacities given in Table 14 are for pumps having water cylinder with the length of stroke equal to the diameter of the water piston.
Note 2.--The capacities for pumps of a greater or less length of stroke may be found by use of the last two columns in this table as follows: Divide the stroke by the piston diameter and find the corresponding ratio in the column headed stroke bore. The capacity factor opposite this in the last column is then multiplied by the capacity .given in the table to give the capacity of the pump in question.
iVo/< 5.--When reciprocating pumps discharge against a head exceeding 5 lb. per square inch the pump stroke should exceed the bore to reduce the ill effect of clearance.'
297