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"That last shipment of Para- dichlorobenzene wasn't carefully screened and caked" cffuPDNP ** U.l.fAT 01' ORGANIC CHEMICALS (Spot or Contract) 1:2:4 ACID ACETYL ORTHO-TO LUIDINE ALPHA NAPHTHOl AlPHA-NAPHTHYLAMINE ALPHA-NITRO NAPHTHALENE AMINOAZOBENZENE-SODIUM- SULFONATE AMINO AZOTOLUENE AMINO G SALT AMINO J SALT ANILINE ANTIOXIDANTS BENZIDINE (BASE) BENZOIC ACID, TECHNICAL BETA-HYDROXYNAPHTHOIC ACID BETA-NAPH THY LA MINE DROENNER'S ACID CATECHOL CHICAGO ACID CLEVE'S ACIDS CRISIDINE DENATURED ALCOHOLS DIANISIDINE (BASE) DIBENZYL PARA AMINOPHENOL DIBUTYLAMINE DIETH YLANILINE DIETHYL-MET A-AMINOPHENOL DIMETHYLAMINE DIMETH YLANILINE DINITROBENZENE DINITROCHLOROBENZENE DINITROPHENOL DINITROSTILDENEDISULFONIC ACID DINITROTOLUENE DINITROTOLUENE OIL DI-ORTHO-TOLY LTHIOUREA DIPHENYLAMINE EPSILON ACID ETHER ETH Y LAC ETANILIDE ETHYL ALCOHOL ETH YLBENZ YLANILINE FLOTATION REAGENTS GAMMA ACID G SALT INHIBITORS J ACID KOCH ACID L ACID LAURENT S ACID METANILIC ACID META-NITROANI LINE META-NITRO-PARA-TOLU IDINE META-NITROTOLUENE META-PHENYLENEDIAMINE META-TOLU IDINE META-TOLYLENEDIAMINE META-X YLIDINE MICHLERS KETONE MIXED-MONONITROTOLUENES MIXED-MONONITROCHLOROBENZENES MIXED-MONONITROXYLENES MIXED-TOLUIDINES MIXED-XYLIDINES MONOBENZYL PARAAMINOPHENOL MONOCHLOROBENZENE MONOETHYLANILINE MONOETHYl-ORTHOTOLU IDINE NEVILE & WINTHER S ACID NITROBENZENE NITRODENZENE-METASULFONIC ACID NITRO FILTERS OIL OF MIRBANE ORTHO-AM INOPHENOL ORTHO-ANISIDINE ORTHO DICHLOROBENZENE ORTHO NITROANISOLE ORTHONITROCH LORO BENZENE ORTHO-NITROPHENOL ORTHO-NITROTOLUENE ORTHO-TOLU IDINE ORTHO-TOLU ID IN E-METASULFONIC ACID PARA-AMINOBENZOIC ACID PARA-AMINOPHENOL (BASE) PARA-DICHLOROBENZENE PARA-NITROANILINE-ORTHO- SULFONIC ACID PARA-NITROBENZOIC ACID PARA-NITROCHLOROBENZENE PARA-NITROPHENOL PARA-NITROTOLUENE PARA-PHENETIDINE PAR A-TOIUIDINE PERI ACID PHENYl-ALPHA-NAPHTHYlAMINE PHENYL-BETANAPHTHYLAMINE PHENYL GAMMA ACID PHENYL METHYL-PYRAZOLONE PHENYL PERI ACID PICRAMIC ACID PICRIC ACID RESORCINOL. TECHNICAL R SALT S ACID SCHAEFFER SALT SODIUM METANILATE SODIUM NAPHTHIONATI SODIUM PARANITROPHENOLATE SODIUM PICRAMATE STABILIZERS SULFANILIC ACID SULFUR DIOXIDE THIOCARBANILIDE TOLIDINE (BASE) TRIBUTYLAMINE "Get your next from du Pont. Their `Parapont'is free flowing and uniformly graded" E. I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS & COMPANY. INC. Organic Chemicals Dept., Wilmington, Del. Vm.. XXIX THE DU PONT MAGAZINE MAIU.il, 3 9^5 Ko. '1 I he President's Annual Report Presenting some excerpts which we believe will be of interest to readers of this magazine T... : vv:\r I9V1 opened shiring a rising Haul of t lie company's busi ness which has t at ned ih rough, unit only temporary scl hacks, since lhe middle of lyVh This upwind trend ton mined until about f he middle of the w a it when sales turrietl sharply downward,. reaching lex eds lower titan r he <. orresponding months of the previous w a v . In November the Course reversed itself, sales rising in Hewn i her (n a height w hit I), col ret ( mg for seasonal variations, exceeded ihar of any period during the last tour years. The total sales lor rlie vear exceeded sales for the previous rear by about IS per cent, measured both by tonnage and value. The trend of sales of i he company over the several months of 19W appears to have coincided with the trend id iudusinal activity through out the country. The same sf.nemcnr can perhaps hr made broadlv with respire i to the increase: in volume over the rear b/W It is f mi her in [cresting to note tlui rlie coinpar.it ix*c activity of the sex era I dix bums of t he companx also resembled that of industrial condi tio ns generally, its that those hr.nK.hes supplying prodik Is lor more or less immediate or carlv eonsitinp l ton, operand km mure acm civ than those branches supple-jug more dur able products sits h as materials for i oust i ik t ton, equipment, etc . 1 his phenomenon is important and some observat ions xx i t h respect to its pos sible causes and u iit c u io ii m.iv be of interest. '"As the stocks ol ihose goods required for the current mj stv j i.u k e of a communin', wliu h 1mvv been held In producers, distnlnuors and i oiisutnei s, hex Otne ex h.ossr cd. i nei'e arises a pressing, demand lot their replacement. Theft: is an anxious desire on the pan of ever\ one to cxi hauge the needed product o[ his turrem labor for his i tinned mu: requirements axsifabfe as the result; of another's labor. \ igurous Compccirion insures the ax aihibiftiv of the products of ihe industry ar prices commensurate vxith their cost, and products in this category aw: fixciv exvlungcd \vi t hunt too mm. ii delav over i oiisnlerai ions of price, '"The conditions snn on ml: ng demand los` and supple of the mow permanent ami durable goods such as buildings and equipment, present a xerv Jufercnt situation. "The existing supply ot durable goods is often mure than s u c k tent lo s.uisf \ the immediate xx unis ol a community w huh, during a dt javs.srd period, is prohnhh livim.* .m j Mitnewhar lower standard than prex ions-v. 1 hen again, rhe pmchuse of gut-able goods involves f he huver in a trerm action which is for hint a serious undertaking. In making this investmen! lie mu>t c m hangc: tor i r lus savings ,nX.umnk-1cd oxer the p,;.xr or Ins pr'.opvenxe sax mgs of the future. In doing this Ik mnsr svmuadv him self that fie is making his new pur chase at A fair cost, aud iliat r fie future increased mdtisi rj,i 1 .n/iivov will a I f in if for him a profitable return upon ibis x'er-rtire No doubt m such consnierations he will he impressed hv his ohscTxainm oi Some of' rfie fedlowing ciemems ot oW paeseuf sifii.i! ion. i he improvement in hti'.iuess eon duAm ro date has Kvo induesaid hv general w ni Id jinprovem*, nt. hv t he i e m pora r x st; in a h: > usualiv a i c o in pan x j ng x'a no us o i-t iih v cflanges and In goyrri'menr expendifines I liese Liner f.u:oi>( fi sw c\ t r. are of a s. mu/wha t t rancioa v Jiar ax ter and. wbdc \\ >>sihl v past liicvl under cxi raerJ m.n'v ornifiprokcp e.m hardly he- , ouiHcd i; j - s o > fos Iasi jug i-f j i nil I us lo h-usi j ic '-s . 1 he bcdn a I (iox erumenf Il p iradc heroic elArts to design fcgK falioj: to Con c;.'* M >mc exits hvhex ed Ihe DU PONT Magazine to exist in our national economic and busmens life and a J lord umdifums Co iu u k iv c fn a return of prosperity. It is not io be wondered at if, in the haste of i heir enact men;, they should embody also some dements not so encouraging to dui.se contemplating invest menus for the future. It is per haps heal tuning in fed* however, dorr, in siau instances, these laws ..ii) be readily Jianged if we: sm'b.i, a ml nil dmiht can be dimmed in a manner to retain manv of the desir able and coma r.icu ve Jean ires orig in:i II v sought, 'Some id' lids legislation has re in led to mcrease our cos!. of pro due! ion and ( herdore make Jess attractive to the pure baser the price nr which he can secure the products uf some industries. Some has made if ifolutilt to date to render the liipc aceumula r ton of funds, awaiting employment. m long time invoi ments, aval lal de for such invest incuts, .Wain, i he high faxes whidi our present laws le\ v upon profits derive'.! from sudt investmeiMs tend to dis muriu'e an imesror who realizes that d !its scimire is not a <. run met eta I success he swill have lost all* whereas if siita.c.ssful, sudi profits as it yields \\ ill be largely absorbed by our raxes. In {his last connect h m it is \ erv mneh to lx: hoped, m the interest of sriimthmng our durable go<h [s indns trv and thus bringing tmidi needed relief rn our unemployed, that out law makers mav reduce the present high rates of taxes on our present seriously impaired national income, with the hope of securing a fa r greater tax income through a lower rare of rax upon an enlarged national income in tlie fulure d our durable industries can in this way he revised. Wink: tfie.se difficulties appear s> uiiew bar dixiouraging, i hey art: after ad occasioned by cireumsranccs within our readv control- brotn tlie i in-port a nr si a nd po m r of f nun an wants and the means of ! heir satis (,t< (ion we arc abundantly endowed. To return to die standard of living en|o\ed ;n tliis o.nniirv before the depression and maintain it there, ft has been estimated that we will resjmre a production rate some 50 per ceiH of PO pci tent higher than that now enjoved in this country, or a rare substantially equal to that of 1929* ami ibis even assuming that our exports as a whole should const i lute no larger a ponton of our total production than at: present. Such a program would go far toward absorb ing thar portion of our present man power now idle'. "Again, there is no octasioii fur snipping at that point. 7 he cnnnmi mg progress in die development of "T;k .hi Pone < o!h|Mio\ % al-iii-e of I'll- nu . ; \ Hi n lb-. U >V ?ii.. vc, r JuVJ v\.i-, .shorn Is |vr ion i .-.if- r 111,i;; for I '> H- , li'.ocU nr .i| U , mhl '.ol.oiic u.i', :i}*n:f 47 \-l 10I tw.itcr ih.ii fur W}2 wlu'ii ihe vuhmic u.s, bivo-.f. of mt wit il.jrini' iJic p.n.t No. \c.n - i j : fn 19'M, tfn; ( .oinp,m\ \ cirniojy. aj.pliumk- rn omiiiinii -.mcl, wriv $ 1.66 -a -.Jj .h t , I)m iiM' ill-..' jH-riod fiom I'/}() Su 19^4 iwU'-i'-_, Uu i7..u Jn paid on ifu C..IH?i mi -r k s Jo Hu -:',ii 11-111* - iipphr.ibk: r oc ;iiiio iiiiCm! i<i 96 h ps-.-r o.-nr uf thi. iui.il. > ,ir.l u.iis-. p.ii:I in : : I 451 .Oi ;i u:::f, -.! !o Sy/UtSCmV) ;j* =. i n:- ; 19^4 ii > i.O.X), .i?: inCi'i'.iH- ul j SM .94U.OOO. or 26 ,vi onl. -t Iw *-e j . ifii.h! I,-.- -..if ;i ,-, ma v,ag-.-, ,.j 1 mp o*. -- .ns -1 n- 6.u-i . .p-.-r.inoo-. i -ii-a von-.rrucrii ." ; j 'Ap|--r* i.oin.iirh (Xu) 'Acre i i \\ < ri'!i-.: r.'in.nc :l.c vc.ir j o i xiern!if 1 moJu.ii/'ir; iin. <..;iip i h in ii 'Minir,i' t.u;i I if ic--. .A !' - mi of ,iloic--.ii'l amounr v-m >. %p:-o.C,-.I rn -.'i m iiliii;' ,i. I. [ i i ioiii I c .2|!.h ;i'. :<jr I n? l hr i ikl:;: pi i u.;i r.. I Soi i-ii'ihl i/v : ior iuiii: i ojjvr.mon i;l new j'm;.cv-.c-.s ;i;:i .ipprov ijn.u:4v ,$J t .ikxyOOo lor ; Kinrw.if .inJ j ij o kmi/.,iiKitt * si rijuip- riii.-m .iii.I i.iciliiie. u'cii in c.vir.i.njr pn K'ct.w.. flic ont of ibe vc;ir ilc-rv \wiv :ippnMl'ii.Mch yHyXli) rmplmc, on `In roll', ot ike rjmipjiiv ami us uimlfv uvviic:l '.iihu..?;:nu-v. ... In aijilirioo, i liri'c were SaW) cnipkno. n> O u ipaim:. cinurollial inn tun vvju>lh ovoicT" ,W of IX< i-mhi r 51.19A4, fho imiuC- r iif -,h ; h'il-i*: of k. I :!ii I'* inT :\r ar-. .X f .on* pah\ , IlH'. , '.vas l'c jIn! I-., <liv< , a -- t. i1 :m s ' J ):-h;-lM nl'c, I kill), < : Jllillii ill, l}\ ,S6r) new methods and new technique affords new oppnn uni t ics for sans ing old wants with less effort nr of gratifcing new wants. 1 he.se new meihods will reduce costs am! in this wav enlarge the buying power of one's hihor; this enhanced pur chasing power will stimulate con sumption amt c reate the need for grraier product inn and increased employjiseui. The du Pont Company has not been unmindful of the situation pre sen red lay t licsecondi tions promising on i he one ham! a Iutim,: charged \\ ill! considerable uncertainly and under oilier eii cuinst asiecs odenng \ ast opportunities for enlarged a unmet* c j a 1 and ind us trial acmify and impmxed stauilards of living. "As rhis reporr isK.lscates, the com pau v has com: need large expcndiaires on researcIt work, on plant renova tions and enlargement of capacities. 7 hese expend:!ures \v ill lx: con!inued and will be further expanded as conditions seem to warrant , , . Fr o m t h i. Ok i.r a nsai Ri.vn.w ''The du Ikmc Company's divcrsi lied, though th^ely J'cl;iu:d lines of chemical immulacnircg p'huc it in i!u: jiosiiio!i of supplying imporiam materials for maur iiiihtstrtal actisi t ics, w ldv.h . . . tends to produce a comparatively even rate of business ifimiiglioin the year. In this Conner lion, the following taluilat ton d i vpiles the company's total sales for f93a among the diverse consuming indus tries, iox! is shown in comparison with similar tabula non included in the 192*4 report.. fvi a:-, 1 ros-s 1 vsi :fcs...................... Mlrwllaili mh. < lu.iiiie.tl M.mel.H imo Ain. n uMivc................... J6||V-: , i imf,HiN 0. ,m.| i\ r.1.jig.n i. .M ,1 a 1 j.il-. . ^ nsioi m Hun ;ih | M;iinii.'i'..inc.................. |Vtn U im I'i m kn.'ts .nnf kOiiimi' .... , . - : Oi k iJ M: ril r's fI Tiir.j 1 S.ik- m-\ 1h 74 Ih % 17 \U M4 n J4 m 7 !7 7 r 7. S n H V) Iv.spjO.............................. hn?i ,iii-| Sl-.-c: ... Aiokninac ... 5p<rnnjf .iriii Milk n . guUili'l-. "1 \ 1 1 ' ; y itxig; Some Me\N* e liissi fit a t ions 11,5 \ e been added for Ivbh v 1/: Paper, ( on tamers and Wrapping Materials; Petrol cum Prod tins and Reinung, and hwn and Sieel. The latter t.Tissi fn a tion does nor tixltide piikluefs used in ore mining, as such are included in 'Alining.` The changes in the percentages in the individual items relieve the ever developing changes Pvl?e Two the DU PONT Afootzinc Hugo machines are piling up great earth barriers so that M ississippi Hood waters cannot oreah Inrougn or jump over them so easily . . . By T. M. KEYSER K rvj i ^iN-u or m an Kivcr within hounds is u big fob, fur at nines usually in ihe Spring lie goes on a ompage. ht W27, if ion rev a 11, lie hi'okt* loose, and billowing die meat flood disaster, (,o tigress passed r he Jones Reid A a, which President ^ <>didge approved on May In, 193S. oifRe then, comr;u tors have been husv Inn idlin' higher, sfrunner levees :ind hand; revet menus, and dredging ucw channels to insure llood control. At die outset it was estimated that H Would take InlJv ten vears to com- [dele t he w i >rh nsimi nude ['mver, naaors, wagons with slips and wiled drapers of small capuc iiv. But shanks to increased efficiency in levee IntiMing with huge machines, it now ippears that most ot the v\ ork ot jgi - nallv planned w ill he imished in IvMS, wdisdi j$ to vi\, about rhrec vears idiead ol the schedule. As a good example of' present dav cimrr.u rors' Cvjnipineni,, just let vour eve srrj v dow n the page to those Ihit vi in I rie imvn dt ugh ties. I lie first one o! this ivpe was tmrodueed 10 Mississippi River fence work in lyi.O at Herds Point. I hose show n here are owmed am! opt'rated by the Brooks ('allowav (unipartv ol At lama, Georgia, a u>mv rn that is enlarging a Inc and one-halt mile sec tion o! levee non h ol West Memphis, Arkansas, under a federal iuiMract to move I gnvhdOO cubic cards ol earth. I hesi: machines arc operated In* i'kvtim power. One is called the head tower machine. Across the borrow7 nil, l,00U kret awa \ , is :he I ail tower or am. 1 t <vr unit, and an overhead cable connects tlie rwo, forming a track line I or the huge bucket th.n travels hack and lorth (mm pir to levee top witli fourteen i uhic yards id earth. hack load ;s dumped with almost incredible prei. ision. ( hie madime with a 1 if teen - card hmket ^ an ex* avate ami phn e on the lc\ ee as tntk h as 2 Vo, AM Luhu. \ aids ol r.oih m a month. Ol l uurse. obstruct mik musi he re moved from die borrow pit right ol w a 1 before the-e nu.chrites :.in oper ate, and in i his *. aw, t lie. m [rat tor is eleanug a densch - w . ii >dvd area, 7(M teet wide and five and one haB miles long, using du I'out Jv narrow to cr.tt k and, he wen the >t innw Small draglines finish die j. :b. I he Brooks C allowav t .ompaiiv has had loi: 14 VMH.'i'icm'c in grad mg i'adtojd 1 ?ghm of ware and has hern !ui i Lbng loas for the pas 1 hvc vears in a ni.umer t fiat reflects ere'do urn at -ids well equipped, el ho en r on: a r i /u r; on. ('oinpetenr men with modem m,ichi tier v and wall die aid uj Ju Pont dynamite mav he counted upon to keep Ok Matt River under proper restraints and '' jus rollin' a ion g *' Unlarying a lev??, Note ihv size of the head-tower dragline in comparison thf 3 1 a-rubit- yord unit/teat the woods/ and the foodt-d fomUH-tt-yard bu< if t-t < tj/i! !f>f/ i.j` l.1 t` *. / irfirr f/,i- yii. on- rci ir.-iv in unJt ': >!! In the oral Clearing the right of woy, with stamp blotting in progress. The light gray potrhef (how ink beds after burnmg piles of brush. Be-fc-w Another k'vw of dfogUnn .Ti tW. ?: that the It it i-U^' J n :i the levee i \ t ` cotor fAan ike L /*: 4 i i; 7he DU PONT Magazine Rubber Mankind's Friend It protects you all through life and always serves in helpful ways. The story of its development improve ment and use reveals chemistry in an important role By S. G. BYAM How taler obtained from a rubber tree on Penang island ofl the Malay Peninsula I\ i he i inv di vers' mom on a sal vage tug, u man held m his hands a smooth rubber hose which looked :i good deal like a garden hose. AI though rhe tubing was over an inch in diameter, t Ik : bore was on I v half an inch. Several layers <>J wcil-compoumlcd rubber with two layers of strong fabric heiween made up that, hose, and it was guaranteed to with stand a pressure of 500 pounds to the sijiLire tilth . . Jar a wav in a north ern hospital a not her man was care fully working his lung, slim lingers into strong rubber gloves of gossamer thinness, while nearby lav an inert figure partially covered by a sheet, in hoth of these cases the protection of life depended oil rubber. Without ir, no flexible coin! tic tor of fife sus taining air could he provided for rhe diver, and i he surgeon would nor havesrerilized filmy gloves l- hat I rails mit the dedicate touch sensations fie relics upon to guide him in his work. These .ip: di'cat ions ofrubber, eh-jstn al random, arc: rc| Testas!a 11 ve of mai: v uses for this common anti fundament ul substance, for no other raw material is so generally employed for the pro tection and benefit of mankind. We honorC.lara barton and her Red C ross for relieving suffering and, likewise. scores of other men and women for significant conmhunons to human welfare. But we perhaps overlook extending to inanimate rubber, which is no less a true friend and benefacmr of nuink hid, its due share of (.redo, In these troublesome times with hazards on every side, it is refreshtng io let our minds dwell on t his ma rerial which has no destructive applications tin jess it be in the small hoy's sling shot. As we ate protei ted against death-dealing germs by the surgeon's gloves, so are we shielded from the harsh weatherin' rubberized raincoats, hoots and galoshes: anil as pneumatic tires provide sjxzedv, comfort able automobiles, so do lubber blocks absorb road shocks that would destroy rhe increasingly intricate and ddicatc motor mechanisms. Rubber isevery where no ur modern life. We have it in sheets for the baby's crib and his undergarments. Wc place it under our rugs to prevent their slipping on our polished floors and thus save many a painful fall or broken bone. In sponge form it t iisli ions our rugs, mu only producing a more: luxuriant feeling when we walk on i hem, Inn tut leasing iheir rcsis ranee to wear many fold. It insulates our electrical systems and gives the lineman gloves and pmuct i vu c hu li jug which permit him to handle wires and cables carrying high volt age.electricity And that is, of course, essential to modern life, As rubber hose feeds oxygen to the deep sea diver, so docs rubber coated ventilating tubing bring (resit ait io the coal miner and to cite laborers who dig our tunnels ami subways. It makes possible tin: balloons whiili cany the intrepid sclent isrs of the earth m rhe stratosphere ami also those colored ones which delight the eves and hearis of children at the circus. We can go on iudditiitelv dis cussing rubber products and how rhev Natives of Suxannah, French Indn-CHino, aottrinq the rubber fluid into large tanks. Note that the latex h made to (tow through screens of fine wire nuysh tn prelude foreign matter Paop Four iTCKTMiTJO*t kfcVrawtati. Ihe DU PONT Magaiine aid flic chemist in bis laboratory and profcxi the radio lobe from shock, die inxiii-in from water and the soldier Imm gas, hm we cannot find where it i urns on ns dcsmicth dy. Rnbhei is si j much a parr of our existence and is so taken for granted, like inr and water, that we nuv well wonder flow men ever gut along with out if. The f acr is, hd ore rtibher be came available, men suiiercil discom forts that are now unknown and died from causes now so easily prevented. Whence came rubbed Well* there arc* storscs that Columbus on one of his voyages lound South American natives working with a stake sub stance which they daubed on crude fabrics to render them waterproof; and in a honk published in 161% one Juan ile* Tort|iietnada mentions col Jeering from a tree in Mexico a gum die natives smeared cm their shoes. Another of these earlv explorers also tells us of Itfuling Indians playing with a gummy ball t hat bounced. Hie ptaaical exploitation of rub her was negligible Jor two hundred years, and during this period, perhaps die only incident worth mentioning U the origin of die ling fish name rubber." derived, of course, hum dm fact that when peia.il marks were nibbed w ith it, they were erased. In the each nineteenth cetmirv the in.tnujaci urc of rubber products I nun raw material obtained in Brazil com menced. hi 1820 Mudier processed it nuu sheet form and cut ittutu clastic "Current" modes In gloves/ But that* arm designed far insulating value rather than fat ityle. Liftman who tpfite hteh'lemion whet do well to wear rubber ffares m a prafetticn mjaintt clettrital ihacki. Rubber i% a friend of men threads; three years later (.buries Macintosh produced waterproof cloth in Scotland for the taincom that re tained his name, and in 1M9 (diaries Goodvear discovered that healing it: with sulfur changed its properties beneficially. With this disc oven* of vulc.mizat ion the rubber manufacnir ing industry was deli nicely la line lied. The development of the industry was slow, however, until the auto mobile era, for ii rubber made possible our modern motor ears, to no less a decree did ; he automobile force a technic a! study of rubber, resulting in our present industrv with its tre mendous size and many ramifications, Crude rubber is obtained from a free botatneallv known as / If re.* thuiy/zo/vo which is indigenous to South America. Until 1912 practicalIv all rubber came from Brazil. It was sin pped from i fie port of Pas a and was known as "Para" or "Upmcr l ine J'ara." Brazil had a monopoly on rub ber ami unwisely attempted to make tin; most oi it hv running tin: price up to $3-00 [x t pound. It. Therefore, became economic m cub irate rubber frees, which the British arranged for, be sending seedlings obtained hv Sir Hem v Wuklmm io plantafioits in Ceylon. These developed rapid!) sn .s.i Mi flu: favorable soil and cl I marc of rhe f ar I asi and h:s\c given us more tb-an an ample suppi v of crude rubber cxHial in mere respect to the Fine Pa!*a of Bra a: I. Rubber occurs in the tree as an emulsion resembling milk which ex udes when ibe hark is cut nr bruised. In upping, the trees arc grooved diagonal 1 v and ihe annual vtdd is about four pounds of crude rubber jxr frec. I he rubber einulsnm or Lm:\ is Curdled will) ,n';d and she solid rub ber pfrcipi t a us! Thi* is t hen washed live of add, dried and shipped to rubber manuf;u t urers tor processing. tandc rubber is shcnooplas!ic and, thcrefore,subica t to physical changes af high and low tempera t tires. It has vetv hale strength or elnslwitv and so lias verv lew practical anpbeations except it! cement form for adhesives. ^ hen heated with sulfur, hnwx\cr, marked i lunges oioir and it Incomes tough, v c t v serving and clastic, t'etamtng i 11 c m: properties tairtv unitm mi y mef a wide range oi uanperjiurcs When I in t her treated by iiiuirpie.it in" in it \ .incus m t u t u is, carbon biaek and chemicals. rubber bixvu'ncs admirable lima', for the imTia-J and extremely different uses to wdueh it is pul ii: tins modern atxc I he tnix t ure defen nines the texture ot the fiiiisheJ product, whether it is soft. fell*!. iV.MU.il Pmfc Five. Wmh 0o* In Mohr? No, 71m lints field11lieeh of natural rubber wAicfi are being dried in the Simihioe. It** fust one lis-f# In l*ie pr&dmtian af one of the wmld't mutt meluf product* Ii>c DU PONT If is tnid that rubber hm thirty thousand different oppikaUom, The lew shown here ore merely tewen-ritativc products ir. a list that would fit! a good-sired volume rubber kr a rubber hand. an inner l ube or hard rubber for battery rase or uimb, When vukunizut inn was in si discovered, the c hemical reaction between rubber and sulfur required several hours at high temperatures. Now. with modern accelerators and vukani/.a; :on acn vat ores, well-cured rubber i.s ineeS :ri a lew minutes ai moderate heat or m only a Jiirle longer rime a r temperatures I-clow ib.it of hoi bug waier. 1 he technical ;n t umplishmcnix ul rubber chemists are as outstanding as those: oi any other industry. Rubber ;s a '.eyetable |%i'rielLit.I. and, r here!ore, [vris liable. Its life is stria ly limited, duv chief)y to oxidation. Jt hardens and decomposes at an in creasing rate oi speed when subjected continuously to tempera Cures over 20if I**'. When exposed So sunhghr its useful life is badly shot'tened; it fires readily and soon cracks when flexed rapidlv and continuously. .-Ml these |i mis at tons tend m prevent its pro viding s heseryiee our rigorous opera t- nigcondirions icipiii e, bus our'skilled technicians have worked diligently and successful I y to combat them. As rhev have produced organic acceler ators thor permit economic curing conditions, they have also dcvclojxnl other chemicals which retard ox id a - non and provide great resistance to deterioration by heat and flexing. II it were not lor antioxidants, ihe thin side walls of low-pressure t ires which are in an almost constant stale of flexure would too soon crack through, ami bus ami truck tire inner tubes would nidi or become ruined hv ilie intense heal developed within them. ( h herdicniica (sarea vai la hit m render rubber less a dec fed by * he devast as ing actinic ravs of sunlight, making so prosaic an article as garden hose ser viceable season after season. It is not so many years since rubber was only utilitunan with link: beamy or charm in its various applications. The chief reason for this was its lack of color, for only blacky white and occasionally brick red shades could he made. Now our chemists have given us a range of colors rivalling those of Joseph's coat, as witness the array of brilliant hues in ruincapes at a football game on any raim day. We have organic colors for every shade in the rainbow. Thev do not change io Io j ' in \ uk'anizatioii; they resist the lading power ul direct sun light and they do not bleed when immersed in water. 1 lie colors arc incorporated when lhe crude rubber is mixed with its curing ami Jeiriforc ing mgicthcnrs. To insure iheir thor ough and uniform dispersion in the iiiiMlim:, si urn: t ypcs oi i olors are first dispersed in rubber latex, from which they are coagulated with dm rubber itself. This method of preparing rub ber dispersed colors provides an tnri niaiedistrihut ion of the color pan teles in the rubber, extending them to the maximum degree am! economically bringing out mnsr usefully their hril Jiant shades. Vke all know that gloves, toy bal loons, baby's bottle nipples and such articles are made hv dipping suitahlc loi'His in rubber cements, and fliar tsiaiiv rubberized iahries are prepared by spreading rubber cement on clot li lt is logical fo impure, therefore, as to why we ilo not manufacture these products dircttIv from the liijtiid latex ra tiler than reduce l he latex to solid rubber and dissolve it back again to the lupiid form. Probably the duel reasons have been, first, that it did not seem economic to pay transpor ration on so much water from the PijtfV (iix In carrying fresh air to miners uttdt't<jrotiitd Hanihle tuhberirod-fahr<r Iubtn^ performs a nrmsl important and uiefu! tervice. You haw already *1vested the name of the du Pont product shown in this pirtuto ,,Yentuhe" fhp DU PONT bar l;asr> lor I .Hex contains nnlv IB per cenr rubber solids, ;md, saond, lux .h im: j he naan al latex i.s '.civ perishable Kmvmii icxhmoanx seem i u be able io render latex sufiu. unit I v stable for transport a t ton and ntampu1.1 r it in^ ami wii h \ ehime cisapc., i lie Cost ol mmsportal son is bceoitmu^ less, We arc h i n 11 m i* shat certain i vpe.x of products math: diiw tfv front latex, to which vse add ihemic als in colloid form, are sii|\Tior to s hose made Irons crude rubber cefucsns. Ue fuul -liar bit x suryemis r'ho es ss 11 hsi and twetm sterili/arinn.s. \\ lien: onh ti\ c could be made woh i rude rubber ^hnes, and i lias round classic ihu.id is .Ni-An-r, smuttier and hotter a/'ini: rban the square t ui sti'mids made bom shed rubber in l he coti\ cm ioiia! manner, Latex adhesi ves are used Wide I v in die shoe indust rv and lor doubling lab-ies to each oi her, I .a lex saturatetl paper takes on c barai'teris ties r.f toughness, sneaipth anil ivsts t-rnre to wear th,ir tisakcs it compare favorably w it h imtnv^r.idcsof leaf her, ;iisd late x-r rca (ed canals pro v ide srretss'ih in ihexnik aireol mans auto mobile tires. Ji hinds rhe pile to tin: base fabric of carpets and vv.nerpruols and si reny t hens n ipe and cordage 1 .Hex devclnpniciii is in its infancy, but we arc now Jeanmur rapidly how to process it ins elf identic, Kubber is sueh a boom to humanity, so necessary so our s.dcs\ , comfort nid well heim;, shat out only regret has been is has not resistance to oils and solvents and greater iexistunce to t>vtdano*!, hcas and ^mdodH While Lh.Watlnte H. Carothtrs^ du Port research thermit, demomtrotim the properties of the synthetic rubber named "DiiPtene" before the American Chemical Son*?0 in 1931, He <1 one of the men who played on important port in ih dvvelep-mont main chemists were making wunhv pi ogress ira. reason; the seiviceahk: life of i uhhi i v culici's w<ac dreaming atsd thmk ing >d a super rubber ha\ ing all flic phesical proper* res ol f he natural prodtk I, plus an iik reused tcsisiame to oils, heal and ox idut ion. Ii was clear that Nature cot,-Id nor pros iile this, for voars of cuimanon had not changed the ftiiidamciita! cliav.n leristnx,but H w.isnoi accepted shat f he obicetnc could net he obtained h i a s\ nr Ik to: product Ai tempts to make s\ uiliuic ntblxr ha vc be c n carried on for mam years In the most eiiunein scientists oi Hie world who laded because ihcv as meet onlv at a Juplkation of natural rab her. If fliech.nl sue*, ceded, they would h..vc produced a material at best onlv Ctjtsal to the product N a cure inanu faU tires ai a trifling cost. The new anem pt to create a ss rongf elasi n , resist am prodm t was carried on by Ln seeing Sk lent isf$ who dreatned of a ` noble'" rubber, one: that would he superior m all respects to ord marc rubber, ami t hev diM. arded the ids a of dupJ n ai ing .Mature's haiuli wot k. I her Jusall v built a new matcn.il, t.hemic alh unlike lubber, iisini' such commonplace raw ina serials as coal, limestotu,, salt and wafer. Thev pixid intd acet vlcuc, i on; hined n <. l:-e:nii. a 11 v \\ i ih Hxelt, then with chlo'ihne ami oiHaoied a esaterwhi ic liquid w ll ich t hes s. a! )e-d ' h l>h' ropreue." i '.hi. inv.-n\-ne on exposure So lu:ht rapa-Jlv ihaupexi m a sidu1, touch, elasi x prodm; sshitl'i cue relafsxcfs' un,me\.fed os' od-, and s<,| \cuts, vuilistue*; Cc'OSiCcralde rua: tor lollp SHTtods of t j !:K Ulid did U. U ox idt?e a]"--p-i'Ci .abl v :u art oi' es eo ir xntilu ;!h - lb wnvftdo ioiinoliU'-y the dieiimal yn h exses ol inanufa-: t urc. cidi iroprene was f'-roib.u t\! :n j plasi:-xiare aiu! tiHild be ax iaxd\ moh-d and proc. exsed as tr.it lira I rubfK'f fieo MibscxiueiHIv I'ieai-ed or usred, if bv came iiHit*h and elasiicHetx , tlien, \\ as a svnt hc:i n material ih.o war heller shat: rubber, ht it would mu only p-m ad Hie scr xic.es il i oh her. bm also would do maiw tlimes that' nti'Ter toitld not do. It wax i:i\en Hie i rade- mai'ked name 'Dulkcnc ' and is Jbosv be nip prodmcxl coiniitesxdaHs .True, its v uxi is sex oral s imo s liar oi rubber, pound for pound, hut w here i: tmdx pr;a Ck j I use it is touch less expensive I'lecaese of* die pceafer set's tee if* presadcs*. 1 he ei'oucusn' of '' I )nPrune ' is 1104110 UxUied. or it would not be used exiciisixch for x.irioiis llcxiblc <>r resifient pans on highly Cotii|x.'UCise aitriittu>biles, for oi! w cN pack toys o o; mo I fit fhv fin! plant for thn momifcctvrn of "OnPitmn" ai Denp^atar Paint, New Jnt scy. Ni arby, another otu- of larger capeeitf ii now under lanshmtton flight In hornet end hotpiuth thv'r Otv tfon-f of pratticol utti fot tubhei, Ypy u fiiom read mtnh about heunta! theeliog m theta page*, hut H't another tfu Pont produet of quality, a helpful and friendly am- P.iVi' \' . ;-r, The DU PONT Aflame Obviously, this is a laboratory, but why the packages of butter, tomatoes, thvesv, bacon, oranges and peanuts? The text explains the mystery Checking Package Performance for Consumers 1 he writer tells you how ^Cellophane1' :s tested in a laboratory equipped to re nd er a special service By WARREN A, BEH TTj h ,j \erage person usualK thinks of a laboratory in terms of icst nihes, beakers.. mieniscopcs, Bunsen burners as a place where chemists with 1 heir formulas hold lorth and pro duce strange t.om pounds and magical <. o ik odious. 1 hat conception is at hi>i an imperfect one, lor there a re many kinds >4 laboratories arid in some of s.hciii trained stalls are less concerned wish problems of pro due t son than til sales. One of thus, type is maintained by the" Dm Pont Cellophane Company, Inc., ar 145 Hudson .Street, New York. The stall starts wirh rhe finished product and its sole fitiiction is to determine how products wrapped in "Cellophane" behave under various conditions in rhe store and in rhe consumer's ho nice Let us open the door of this I a bora rory ro an imaginary visitor and fol low him inside. He wants in know what son of work is being done rhere. Id is ursr punk survey of the room rakes in an array of rest rubes and other apparatus ihe chemisis are using. There is no mistaking the idenrity of the place as a laboratory, and a h er rhe visitor gets his bearings he turns his attention to details of the equipment First, the refrigerator, which ap pears to be quite different than 1 he ' old reliable" in his home, is given careful scrutiny. It has a double glass panel door through which one may inspect the foods stored within. Special thermometers and control This tpeeiafly-buift refttfetaiot h mado fo duplicate ice-ban conditions in homes ar* if desired, in commettiol woeohause storage. The door, with doubie-ghst winders, voi opened to show you seme garlic on <te front of the center shelf. It's there to test the merits of "Cellophane" in prereeting the transfer of odors mechanisms, to insure any- desired tempera!me, are oilier di.snngmshiug icaHires ol this equipment. In the food eumpanincuts he is likely to see packages of butter, bacon, cheeses ol all kinds, fish, fruit; and vegetables wrappei! in "Cellophane" in close companionship with garlic. They are grouped in this manner ro check the transfer of foreign odors. That is one eminently political way to dc term trie whether foods get the old familiar "ice box smell" when they are wrapped m '`Cellophane."' Re Milts show that they do not, for the cdUdo.se film, odor proof usd I, pre vails the transfer of odors from one loud to another. Nearby, he examines carefully a miniature coffee musing a. guilder, vacuum pumps, an orsat, which is an ingenious glass rube device lor meas uring carbon dioxide; an unusual rotating table, cups, pots and various other utensils. Altogether, ihe col lection gives to 1 he room a homelike atmosphere. Actually, it is a labora tory set up, including even a standard "tasting table" where the trained personnel conduits experiments to improve \ our morning coffee. Our visitor bcirays only a casual imerest in the chemical glassware units as he proceeds down the aisle. Then Ins e\e is atsracial to a series of adducts marked with various per- P,igit l. itfhf. htr DU PONT cent ape symbols, ''WhaTs this?' he asks. ,-\rid a punk.* replies, Himiid biers/' explaminp I hat I lie cabinet Uinr,mi air ui a ur(,mi dcprcc oi relume humiditv and in inns;,mi rin ulufinn ''( .unirol is maintained by means ul fillers, ' lie adds, 'Ilie iemperat ure i'an be varied lo re produce any atmospheric vondilion found on a moumuiit lop. in a <1escn us ui [he seashore, and if may he pro longed Jorum luipt h of ! i me desired If he toukl see inside be miu 111 find in srorape sink products .is wakes, tohacup bread, nuts, razor blades, wmdv, hall Ixannps, puiiv, sinirfen tnp, powJus, dried lisli; in tael, am ai liek: oi t ommoiliiy lor whiih {here is a market. Here moisi urepn>ol Cellophane'' is "on she spur" lu prove sis proper!v oi reiannnp mni.xasre m, or exJudinp it hum, prod nus i hue w rap|x:d, Tests are made Uir long periods somci im< s (or severa! months or whaiever the prede kumined nomial iurnover requircfnei:r may be (or a panieiihir pnDuel. Uur visitor seems especially in teres terI in the study hemp made id I ip hi and its efka i on kinds, drups, d\cd poods, rubber and a preat mans* oi bn items. It intfipues him m learn that xjxu. ial f vpes oi cellulose film have been developed in du Pom iheniical laboratories to prevent flse puxsape oi idira. violet rays, to ent out Certain bands o! t he \ isible r.i ape, and ra her neat tru ks. lit sins Libe.ra furv he secs she.se prod nets pm to ikc pr.n fbal test, m rhe mrere.sr oi she uiiwiam,:!'. 1'hc Mad members will hnd o l U whellier these new l\\\:s ui cellulose film ;K i nail v retard rancid ity or nos ; whet tier (adinp follows or not and to what extent; m shoes, whether Iiph! damape as ;t in.iv he sensed hv touch, lasie or odor is pte vent able he wrappmp a variety id prodtk is in thc.sc special materials. Aha* alb the smeess ol anvohw'mp depends upon the iinal pure fuser s verdict. Ad\cn ismp, eye appeal o! product or p-ackape, repufation or price may pnunpi the first trial, bur repeai i d orders i ome only hum sa f ;s t ito.1 uistomcrs. Repaid less ol whether a predict needs [protection against moisture, preaxe, alia water, lipht, bacteria or msec t iniestat ton, the members of this laboratory start are in position The revolving fable whet? espetU tip fteshiy-made caffe? nod decide whirk coded sample hm the most desirable qualities, (Themical ait has not yet reached the point a( dttpfadm the experienced taster as the final authority on Quality to render ev pert .-sa; .uu.c to man a f.iCJU'ers who use eel I u lose him for wrarpuii! t heir prod nets. For these eliertiists aitdei staUvl < !:eirwork, both in i rs i w hr;n.al and a-ractiear a>p-,Mx and thee has c a l hand the cvpnpnnnt neccssarr ro inn! our the f ac! > of performance hv jy tuuI teMS. And w hej: rt\ orutnenda t n ms are ma Ji, the ssaft always bears m nuia! i hat satisfaction to the nh imate sonsumer i.% i he pn ncip.d object is e. A> our viv.it: >r leaves f lie n -om, ha\ inp witiiesNvd a varuav of r-r.uisjl tests, he is heard to sav, "Wvl!, hc:\\ at least, is a hdn.*rjtvirv sv here St iencc deals ilireufv with iai.ts of priniar\* imeresc lo ine a cor.sunier.** hn|mrie.s ;x.'!aammp to teirmteal problems about the use id ''( eilo pliatiL' arc welcomed in this lahoralorv. Manuf jcturers or ho need ex pen help are imbed to address their inquiries to t he Techno a I Sei'mc xvtio-i, Du Pont i c-lophane C'on'jp-am, Inc., Ion pi re State hmldnn*, New YiV'k (six. Below Accurate SCaifS are lotjuhed lo determine minute weight changes m pseefyets subjected to extremes cf etpoiviv. At the moment a few grams of cMwi'ficcrit pewdt art heinn tested. Note the elecUit Orens with automatic temperature control; they figure in many lasts, Or>- of the chemists is wwIcing on adhesives for ``Cellophane.1' Surne matsufasturer with a special problem has sought advice from headquarters Above Here weather is made to order m cabinets where products wrapped in "Cellophane" con be tested under all tenditions of tempiralure and humidity. Packed in the unit at the right are tigcsrS, dried apricots and prunes, coffee and flout, Ihe door will he closed and then they will be subjected, perhaps for months, to constantly'Circulated air * dry as that on mounfom top in the Andes ihkH' Nine Jhe DU PONT /Awnne Fishing Lines Freed from Snarls Through a new coiling method, lines may now be transferred to reels without kinks and snarls . . . tangles are largely eliminated By R. T. ELLIS At SinJlh Omdii., in r he (.herungo \ alley of New York he.He, ;i iiumif.it. l uri ng ['lime has been grow ing for 1 lb years, unf; 1 today ir is one if the largcsr in the world dec oted exclusivelv 111 ilie maiiufacr ure of fishing lines. 1 his is the factory of B. l\ Gladding Company, originators of many niipruvciiicms h i (he fishing line indusrrv. The names of some of die bonerknown Gladding prod nets will be readily recognized hv anglers ecerv where, For example, 1 nvinoble was the first, black waiter proofed, silk fish ing line ever placed on the marker. Saline, the enameled silk 11 y line, introduced rhe first, rough* sturdy enamel finish rli.u could really stainl hard use ami resist the aetiun oi alkali waters, Otseiic, anorher outstanding Glad ding aclitew cnicnr, is a si! k line, w a ter proofed by a special, secret process which applies a mush rfiat is urm.fttc. Rei arise of tins, i r !i),iv he- used equally well for fly easting, milling, hair cast imi, and ot hei' kinds of fishing, ft has apth been tailed i he all purpose" sine. Donegal was l he urst successful an swer to I he demand of the sail-wafer fisherman for a perfect Im u isted, linen (.in ry hunk line, ami Blue Rib bon was perfected for tlie expert bait easier to w hom a difference of inches in distance and accuracy isconsidcrcd all important. In their latest development:. Glad ding engineers have made another sigrtifuaii! com rsl h i not i. Henri of ore, it lias been difficult to transfer a new fishing line from its original coil to a reel without k inks and snarls. !i lots been rhe practice ro sew these coiled lines to cards. When the threads were severed, loosening the line, one usu ally had difficulty red mg the line evenly. Mow, however, through a new coded met hud of "putting up" hues, the Gladding < .outpanv has not only overcome tile reeling problem, hnt has also rendered a lotalU iinexpeered service lor die angler. With r!ie new coiling <ard, die cur locking tabs replace rhe tbreads. As shown hv the illustration, these tabs arc fashioned in the shape of small man . Now, when a lined 11j he trans ferred to a reel, a pm or nail is inserted in the < enter of (he card. Then tlie: fish tails arc* unlocked, and as the line is reeled, the card revolves, uncoiling rhe line evenly and smoothly without kinks a;u! snarls. And die hue can he replaced on the card |h m as easily, so that when die lixh rails are locked in position rhe line is securely held. Wrhsle this pm voted met hod ol "putting np" fishing hues accom plished all that was originally in tended and did so most sat isfactonly if was discovered that if a pro|x!r mounting material could he found, the value of the device to the sports man would be great I v extended. (.,ird hoard was origiiiallv used and ii tv as good enough for marketing purposes. However, it was ibought that a material ol greater strength am! Ilex ihilitv won hi serve not only lor the original coiling, hut would also per mil the fisherman to remove ami re place die line on the card a grcai many times. |)u Pont pvnixvlm plastic was one of the materials selected for experi mental purposes, and when used, it tnei all die necessary recjuiremenis. This produci, named "Pyralin," with ns longer life, variety of colors, and flexibility, could he used over and over again: likewise, it would add an appear.mceof .jual i1 v f idly in keeping with dm products for which the Glad ding hiciorv has become internation allv (aimms. Here, then, is a typical example of a pn igressi vc marmfaci liter wins has analyzed his customers' needs and ties eloped a simple, hut practical wa\ lo meet f I it; in. *1 his new met hod of " pu rt mg up" G `adding lines an rat live!v as even as usefully is proving extremely popular. 1 r is eliminating to a great extent I hose i ronhlesoJne tangles and giving to die sportsman longer and better service from e\erv Gladding hue he buys. ''Pvralm" Il l s helped so make tins new idea practical. P<ne Inr- "Pymim" /stayed <vt important part in B. f. Gladding & Company's new tailing development jhc DU PONT Deepening the Detroit River How explosives are clearing the way far commerce in the Livingstone Channel . . one of the world's busiest shipping I ies By w. j. Mc He n r y w,,, .1 then: art* m.mv large i incs hi t he ItimcrJamls, r hose at mi stand ini* commercial and industrial im port a nee are situated near navigable Wilier bodies. I rude lol lows i lie I lag and even more closely .1 nation's waterways. Scan 1 he list ol t he most populous American titles and von wilt Hole tJi.it the lust twenty in order arc alt ports; that sis ol iItem a re in 1 he \ irimm of t he Glean Lakes. Most ol ns do tun realize 1 lie ex tent of this ehain ol inland seats. A vm ai'c horn Portland, Maine, to Savannah, Georgia, represents less mileage thun a one wav tnp from Bnlhilo to Duluth, Altogefher, the Great Lakes embrace an area uin siderahl v larger than all ol t lie !\cw Li inland Sta res, with Mew Jersey and West Virginia thrown in lor good itKaKSitie, and t lie\ ate said to omiaitt half ut 011 the fresh water on the earih, 1 lie shore line on t he A men win side alone, il von can think ol it as laid out beside the highway from Boston to Seattle, would extend into 1 lie Pacific Ocean nearly *|i)0 miles. Strikmg hu ts, these, but 1 hev are onlv highlights on a region that has beet liny world tarm>tis lor its com tuaua! ami indust rial development. Gonmicuu in the Git at Lakes dm iritis during the past i.cnn.trv has ii fained a mapm t tide and ininort.irkc nndt eariK'il of hv I he e,ti l\ pioneers. Gteat k, met have sprung up where I nr traders bought and sold pelts, limbered areas ha\ e been changed fo well-uf led I arms, Vast mineral deposits, vvholh unsuspected In early st:niers in the Lake Superior distrki, ba\ e been uncovered and developed. The pmdmts of Himes, larinx anti taciorics from regions rant tguous to the Great Lakes are now .shipped to world wide markets. And the immense \ ultimo ol raw and finished materials rlus slunrl es n<s L and forth along these lakes and their connecri ng waterw a vs makes up a mile impressive total. 1 omnler the ship trathe in the Deu`oil M tver, tor example Through this slim "horde neck" in 1929, inure than 1 L1S719,iW ions of coal, non i>re, wheat, pip irori. limes tone and other bulk i ommodit ies were traris Lao--' f /cwn ported. In rhe Tiir.il exceeded '>o,iK)0,t.MA [Otis tor a relaiiv l !v didl vein', but even so, that was mure that; three and one-hall times flic uy.i tonnage carried through die Panama Lan.tl and considerably more than mice t he total reported for the Sue/ (.anal dump: rhe same rear, h tu> ken com pat Jed that m the peak war, an average id LXT Jons of iargo per mimuc passed St. C lair f lats l he f.tu is, the Detrou Rncr during the open season is the busiest waterway on eat til. ft flows from Lake At. C .lair into Lake Line, a distance ol about thirty one miles, and is he tar the most congested tralite link in rite entire la he chain. 1 Ik * hrst w ork u! improving r his river was undertaken in 1S77, when Rutherford IL Hayes was President. Snue then the LederaI (..loventmeiti lias pLuiiieJ and carried Through lii.inv pnocits to widen and dcs pen the waterway. In the lower Detroit River, lot example, 1 he Am hers [burg t .h.mnc: w.ts t.no>imeted for two wav trathe. Later, the I J \ iogstunc ( luruHi was huih lor south homo! slops. Prior 10 t lie Mdorld War these uni vs represented an ex penult lire of more than tc;i mi I bun doll ats. The Itrst proiiv-: called lor a charnel CPU fc.vi wok.and 1 wew v d :c at J 1 wentr twi> feet %Lvp; dee sword, tor a nin;imnni width of VO- leer ,;n-e a depdi ot <v entv two fuel, except w die ,nea, now cai led Sci. 1 ion B, v here more vs LGt h ww re\p;n cd About IniS, widening the other sections oi the Invine.sl -lie Channel w as Planed, and tins work w as c 1 me j'liUed in 1974 and 192S Huweier, u Lkin five next lew vears if Ixxamc apparent j ha r more depth would bc regtiired lor navigation needs. Tht DU PONT Mjgajjnc Looking north along the cad fid*? of Section If, In Ihi? foreground may ho seen the machine shop of the Arundel Corporation, and in the background, felt, is Stony Island, where the shops of Dunbar & Sullivan are located / A battery of drills and drag-lines working in the cofferdam. Section B, after George Mills & Company herd pumped out nearly eight billion gallons of water. The material excavated h a soft limestone that weighs about 4,000 pounds per cubic yard excavating rhe material was assigned to Cieorge Mill.s <5; Company, another I'karoit: contrauor. The Arundel Corporation clcticd to handle the wet work itself, and brought to the job its own drill boats, rugs, dredges, sweep scows, dump scows and oilier necessary equipment. The collet Jains were started during the summer of .1932 and were finished in 1933 4 hey were built with rock seemed from disposal areas and with da v dredged Irom i lie river hot tom. When they were unwatered, some leakage Wits found, mostly a! die bottoms, hul this was largely over come hv trenching along t he lower outside face of die dykes and filling in with straw and clay. Considering 111.if rhe workmen had rn contend with deep wafer and a current, these Conditions challenged the skill ami resourcefulness or die contractors ami their ex gens, but (hey finally mcrcame tire handicap. Dry excavation work was star led in December 1932 on Sect ion B. The method pursued may be described briefly as bill owes: After die coffer dam is mi watered hv the pump scow, sometimes ami at some places loose materia! is found as a result of previ ous submarine shots, and this is remo\ ed by stripping before exca ration work is started. Then holes are drilled abour seven fee t deep on ft ve in'- five loot Centers, and when a suf ficient. number of them are loaded usually from li't) to b(K) all charges are connected In parallel scries and die shot is fired elect rivallv from a power circuit. A view from the upper desk of the S. S, Indiana, headquarters of George Mills & Company. At the time this photograph was made the boat was stationed next to the lower cron-dyke In Section C On May $, 19*32, b:ds were received In' the U, S. Corps of buginccrs for the further improvement of this channel at a point starring about nine miles below Detroit and extend ing inti) Lake line. The accompany ing sketch shows she location of the area, see sections A ro F inclusive, a distance of 32.5^ leer. The rack involved excavating 2?CS)\400 cubic yards of earth and rock to make the channel 450 feet wide at the bottom and so insure a minimum depth of twenrv-six ket in the waterway. The Arundel Corporation of Haitimore, Maryland, was the siKccssrul bidder, and L. S. Johnson, super intendent, and J. N. Shlessinger, engineer of that organization, were pi need in general charge. It was decided that rhe material in three sections could best he excavated "in rhe wet*' lw rhe submarine method, and that cofferdams should be built*, for "drv" excavation in the other three*. The dam-construct ion work was sublet to Dunbar & Sullivan Dredging Company and die task of Pi)qrt Twelve Looking south from the S. S. Arizona. Notts the sweepscow at work in the channel. This picture aha shows in the distance smoke arising from the sister ship, Indiana, below the lower cross-dyke in Section D Th% DU PONT Magazine The broken marenal is removes,! by I wo drug lines working almost side by side, bur \siIh the one near ihe center at the cm slightly in advance of the other. The function of die leading machine, which has a threeand urn- halfyard bucket and cleans a sn ip J *jU ket wide, is to cast i he materia! toward the side. T hen the larger unit known as "Tin," with a six yard bucket and 17^ foot houin, picks up and casts the rock imtside die cm. Of Ctuirse, some of it is dropped on t he d vkes. l hese are mu permitted to exceed a height of ten feet above the surface of the river, so small dray lines and bulldozers are Used to level I hem of I. Very little secondary blasting is needed, except in a few rases whcie the rock ledges outcrop. Sometimes, after a shut, die men find on die broken rock pile pieces of slahby stone too I a rye lor die dray lines to handle. In such cases diev break them down with jackhammer drills, (umsidering watt her condii ions mu! the dillicultv of building coderdams in deep wafer, this work has progressed very satisfactorily, As this is written Section B is finished; excel lent headway is being made on IT, and when it is completed by the Mills organization, it is expcvled that Section K will be ready. While some of ihe "wed' work was started in MB2, h did nor ante ill v yet under wav until curly i lie following vear. I he method is the usual one employed by drill boat crews; that is, holes spaced on centers Une of ttif? Aranda! Corporation t 0rrii boats at wwf*t its j ih in> A, # hr.-/ a uft/ two in `jpotiUiifti, i. N. S. onrf Dosfroyvr, Cacfc is equipped with two drill fromos moonEod sn trucks that move on rads aha? one i*tf* o/ fft# imot *S An undet-wuh-r blast throws up a geyser of water, and shatters the rack below. Then a dredge boat moves up with its 8-cuhie yard bucket and stoops ou the btoken material, depositing ir on a dump stow. Port af one it ihawn in thit picture Here's a sweep-scow at work on Section C. The dredgers have cleaned up after a sWl, but the sweepers want la know whether there Ole any high spots remaining. f{ to, it's their Jab fo remove them by the mast expeditious method A close-up of one of the Arundel drill boats. The charger is haded with dynamite and the tie*! task b to tower it into the drill hole. Note in thh picture the portable drill frame which can be moved along the side of the boat at will ranging from eight by eight led to ten by ten fed, are drilled to a depth of from thirty--four to tlum-six leer below mean w ater level. Next, the dynamite is loaded, the boat pulls a wav to a sale distance, and the charges are fired in ranges. Then a dipper dredge of eight cubic yards' capacity moves up to gather the broken material which is loaded on scows am! tow Oil In mgs to the dumping grounds. Sweep scows next work o\er the excavated area to ddei mine il there are "high spots," and i! anv are found, thev arc Thitli'cn removed. Sec non A is practically a-1 drilled arul Haded, while < . is Iniished, and b is drilled and for ihe most part excavated. The dvnamne used hv the umtractors is shipped (ii Asnhersrhurg, ()n(;iiHi, wliiTe it is transferred to scows and earned across the river to Powder J louse Islam!. Dane, service boats deliver di- Pont explosives to rhe various work locutions. Some interesting innovations are wort hv ol inennon in connection with this undertaking. F or example. U?e DU PONT M-njtf/jn* Special decorative schemes may now be Carried Owl in floor without the expense al woventn-mder comets. The Bitjefaw lakweove Braadtaam line offers an almost endless choice of color combinations and designs, available in any size or shape Now Moors Go Modern The Bigelow Lokweave Broadloom line of carpets offers custom-made decorative effects at stock prices By W, B, LAIGHTON, JR. w .x. 4 maniilac niter suecoeds in developing a product that hits 4 gen uine wain or need, r hat's good news, both for the consumer aml the producer. The Bigelow Sanford (.arpet Luinpam\ Inc., New York City, has de veloped such 4 product. Appa tenth a live,a many people, owners of husi ness establishments as well as home makers, awaited the opportunity r.o hu\ ,i vissronwvpe carpel that would he stored in color, design, size and shape, to i heir part tcu I ar requirements, vet prxed ;j i stuck levels The Bigc!ow I .ok weave Bnudlnojiy intro duced last year, oftcr.s all those feu Hires And its immcbiaie success indicates that it suppled a real market demand. The re A a store Behind the Lokwcave 1 Jett and Iic j w it was worked onr. Let's look into it In order 10 realize the revolutionar\ diameter of Bigelow Lukweavc Broadlooin. it is necessary to know the limitations of lie: 1 radi t um;i I types. LTmiI the development of 1 lie "parent-hack" principle, all carpers were sewn together where a ghesi space required the seaming of two nr more strips. And as every one knows, these seams were conspicuous. They akso fended to wear our quicker than the rest of the carpet, because the sewmp pnxUtted a ridge of selvage undenieat.li which raised the seam above the body carpel. 1 rue, broad loom carpers woven seamless up in eighteen feet had been cm the imukel. for sew era I rears and sm li c. ,n pe-'s did a wav with seaming in inane ntsodlations. But broad widths Cost more per square yard and t he cun tug waste made irregular-shaped rooms expen sive to fit. Lokweave answcrcd all these diib cullies lw providing a fabric with a natural selvage a fabric that uinhl Ik cut with a minimum ol waste in any direction without danger of'rav eling a fabric: that could he seamed Ljoe fOi/rfoyn \\ ithont sewing. The Lokwe;i\e seam is ro rhe nkhsr\ le sew 11 scam whai the re woven suii repair is io rhe oldfashioned putt h. 11 is trim, flat, a I most invisible, and strong. hverv seam has two sides and even the smoother side is a compromise a joint Irving inn in he a joisn. Workers in fabrics have always striven i.o make 1 heir seams as unnouceuhlc as possible, knowing that they have no function 01 her than to hold differ cm ems of goods together. ` Disguise the seuiid' has been the watchword. Bur ihts has (seen diiftculi, esjsectalh witfi heavy fabrics like carpels. Due to die nature of die traditional t:y jx:s of carpet, ii has been necessary to sew or bind any euf made vvirhtti rhe limits of r.he two natural loom-made selvages. If this were not done, the labric would ravel and 1 lie mbs near the cut. would tend ro come our. Whai was needed 10 produce a prop eriv cut table piece ol goods was a hinder for die backing that would hold the warp and weft together, cui nr uncut, like the preparation on oiltfodi or the "dope" applied in the kiln nation of airplane wings Inevitably the "parent hack" prin ciple was developed. Tills principle consisted ol "doping" ilie hack of ihe carpet with a binding preparaiion so that rhe tnils were locked into the fabric, formitig a natural selvage wherever a cut was made- (riven i Ins improvement it was a simple matter to bind two pieces together perfectly liar by sticking a rape to the hkk of rhe carper .dong rhe scam. Bigelow wait bed the development of sue. I * cm pels carefully and experi mented widely. Com inced that .1 jxr fcctlv saiisbu tore t arpet of tIds ix\x: had not vet hee-n produced, its research engineers CominueJ (heir invest igatious. The problem consisted largeh m making rhe demands of the fabric meet 1 hose ol the binding material, and vice versa. The du Pom l.oiiipatiy, having had previousexperience along diese lines, was called in ro help, and finally the correct balance hie DU PONT Aldyannp. between carpel and liquid was lound. Bigelow decided to use a fabric 1 he tufts of which came through to the hack su that the "dupe" would hind them to the warp ami welt threads. Du Pont, for its part, produced a superior type of p\ roxvliu to impreg nate the hack and also worked with Bigelow in producing a new, stronger tape for "making" the seams. The present Lokwease scant is three nines as strong as the old sewn seam and the strength is permanent, since there is nothing in tlie sealing compound to deteriorate. Bigelow Lok weave Broad loom is made only in the nine foot width. Weaving in one size only allows tnamdaeturing economies ami any imaginable size of rug ran he made up from it. At presenr it is made only in plain colors. There are lour sturdy grades, including one hard twist or frieze pile, and these cover most tar per needs. Seams are practically invisible, soiled or burned spots can he cm out atid replaced with new carpet, and designs in anv colors may he inlaid easily. 1 ,ok weave has o|n:ned up com plete! v new fields ol floor decoration and made possible unt bought of econ omies hv |x.ainttting replacement of anv part, bur years, decorators have needed a material in which custom designs could be produced cheaply, h'urmcrlv, a special design required laborious set ling on a loom and the cost made sue it designs prohibitive except where large weavings were re q wired, as tn the case of hotels, theaters and < it fu r public places, Pri- This picture shows how special deslgct arc. made in Lokwcov* Broadloom carpets. A pyroxylin ieofpr and tape backing, developed by the dti Pont Company, hold the sections ta'sether and eliminate uimghf/y seams vate designs were out of the quest ion for the average home owner. With Lok weave, anv simple design without much detail can he cm and made up quick I v and eheaplv. (.on temporary design, with its tendency towards simplicity and "block) " effects, can make good use of this feature. 1 .ok weave is also a "natural" for working out functional designs in the floor. It can be used 10 make directional line's, to f 1 a me furntJ tire groups, ro make borders It has been used in stores to guide traffic and to make decorative framing around pil lars, counters, and the like. Buyers of large quantities of carpet for public places have been quick to see the economies that can he effected with tins new type floor covering. Small hut nnsightlv spots, such as those nude by cigarette burns, can now be removed and replaced at a trifling cost hv aemallv renewing the fabric at the damaged place. Traffic lanes mov lie laid with Lokw'euve carpet of a different color from the main carpel so 1 hat the snips receiving the most wear can he replaced from time ro rime without sacrificing anv unworn sections. Such a plan was car ried out hv the Hike Kunder Depart ment store in Dayton, Ohio, where iwo floors were laid in t wo colors of .Lokweave. Traffic aisles and the spaces in from oi 1 he elevaiors were done in a color different from the hodv color, insuring future economy as well as a pleasing and permanent dcYoramceJkvr. Man)' Lok weave :ohs have been laid recently in hotel lobbies, corri dors, dining-rooms and bars. Particu larly in spurs like bars and cocktail lounges, where the decorator strives lor modern, unusual cilia ts, I .okwca vc provides she desired note of sophist it. .1 non. Another leaturc of Lok weave from the designing angle is its el fluency as an advertising medium. Several con cerns have bought mgs and carpels made up with i heir insignia for show rooms and office fovers. The Bigelow Santord Isrm it sell fins Jemonst rated this I eat tire cl led A dy in several new showrooms It has opened this year, working the blue and gold Bigelow Weavers' label and the .Lively Wool sheep into 1 he cor|h e^ as ;i decor.ttixe iiiotd. 1 hr Bnuk-t *.uhIfae Hotel in W in m t rcccm 1 v bough 1 1 ,ok weave rugs, each hearing the hotel s nisi emu, lor .ill dev,1 tors, 'The ad ven icing value ol 1 lie labrn was also unlived a short time ago hv General Motors. A special showing Chevrolet cars was sched uled at the IX'froic Masonic 1 l tuple, and .1 dozen Lok weave rugs, eac h twelve feet :w fw emv tw o led. with the Chevrolet insignia mf.ud at the corners, were ordered for the to cm. The rugs were ordered on a Tiiesda; and slopped the following I rid.o . I*, .ft; !- : ; : 4 ! Px$c fifteen The Lokweart? principle enables basinets establishment! to wsih their name or trade-mark into the floor coveting- The Bigelow-Snntord Carpet Company that dhpiayt its insisnia in their Chicago offices, shown here I he. DU PONT THE DU PONT MAGAZINE PuhinhiJ and mvyrichtrJ In I-!. I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS .s. CO., In c . V it Ml V ,Tl\X DF.f.A W AJf , r , >- A. S'tth :. r*pfuw, $1,0(1 sh yt/jr i-. k. MANCMl:STJ:k...................................... hint, 1 sil'Winrs iimv rsjviiif, with Cfn-J:t, *0 iuriiJf^ jn-11iiw<sf<i,eh k -i CJi-cpt tli'M'i; . s,j:i;i.*i;L i ;>pyn$hl, Hrirri.Jypr-. '-v!|fn pm.iilc, be tnrfinhfit u-- imjufvr Voc. XXIX Mau I!, !`.m Nu. s Speed As a means ro an end, and an an aid in jcscH, mankind in every age has placed a liii;!i value oi; sj seed. 1 he (rFi'ck runner win t car no. I fhe news of Marathon to Athens is si 111 reiuem hered. There are "maraihues'' lod.iv. Horse racing is sd;l as popular as in r h c Ja vs when chariots svv i j-1 -c<J .mumd the inn k.x in anuemr Home, And a currently popular screen car coon pn.Hires clie Lilded race between r he tortoise and the ha re an age-old i heme presented in a modem selling, S|xed, in spurr, business nr iinlus rrc. is a lively topic in these davs when lonipciinon is so keen iliac a new record established today is likely lu he surpassed tomorrow. Hie race between transportation s\stems steamship companies, bus and truck lines, railroads with t he i r new si reamline l rains, air-transport com panics is keyed ro the speed theme. In the held of aviation alone we learn that bias tern Air lanes now lie a y J hour faster schedule than before between Miami and New York, char mote than tight hours have been clipped oil 1 WAN cnasr -to-i.o.i.sr route; that New York is one and mie-halt hours closer to Chic.tipi and two and one ball horns nearer Si. Louis ua A men can Air Lines. 11 seems only a iinte while ago chat a coast-to mast flight in iw enr v four hiurs was thought lo be impossible, hut Major James Doolittle, ti w h i ret.all, streaked through tile nil'III from Burbank, California, to Brook lyn, New York, in a transport plane, completing his retord flight in just eleven hours and fiinonine minutes. Amelia Larharr Pu main's first solo flight between Hawaii arul the North Amencan continent 240K miles in eighteen hours and sixteen minutes elccmhcd tlie world earl)- tins year, and as this i> wntan Sir M a holm (i.imphdl is just waiting for smooth sands at Daytona. Beach, lo bash Ins reties igned '' Bluebird" over a mea sured course' ar u rale of miles an hour. He hopes lo beat bis own 272 mile an hour record. Less spectacular, but. in lane with fhe topic, are some du Pone products char function fast in industry: high velocity explosives, <jun k drying fin ishes .sucli as "Duco`` and 'Duliix"; rubber accelerators and iirmv others that take their plates in this work a da v world to keep pace with procuress. Vat Dyes Are Looking Up T . demand for rai d\*es during file past vear showed a definite increase, especially for use in coo:on goods, at cording to the Dyestuffs Division of rhe: du Pont Company, Hiss increase has carried over into 193% we are fold, with prospects rbar the first six months of this \car will show a continuation uf the tmuaril rrend. 1 lie greater demand is attributed, in parr, to improvement in the economic situation, and to rhe laci that managers of progressive department, stores are realizing inure and inure the value of selling fast Cidor merchandise the kind that assures customer satisfaction and entails fewer of 11 lose cosily adjust munis for goods returned because ul their fugitive colors. Vac dvexuUfs oiler die ultimate in fas mess to wash i nig to fading from exposures to natural and artificial light, and to perspiration. That is wipe thev are so well recommended for draperies, wash dress goods, barfi towels and mats, shirts, cotton slip Covers awnings, work clothes and I he like. A hares' understanding of fhe fast ness properties of \ar dves hr retail merdiasirs and consumers will be sure to irk reuse iheir use for fabrics and garments that: are subjected in service to severe exposures. Ptiqi) Sixteen Blasting Ice Jams L i- jams constitute a serious menace to life anti property, lb damming up dse warer in rivers and streams, thev cause hoods filar Ictree hundreds to the i hair homes and obb.ge m.mv mamif.H r uriug ext a hi ish meins to shin down. Rail and highway as well as water transport;! t ion is crippled, bridges are washed a wav and great stretches of countryside are damaged. Bur engineers ha\e found a wav lo Fiiimiiii/.e or avert ilns desii nu ion. Dvnamite, one <l man's most useful and versaiile servants, timers a cpiick and incxjH.tnsive wav ul breaking iu: janiK that may cause trouble. In blasting them, the customary method is to use from live io ten pounds of lorly |k j i` cent or sixi v per icni ilvnaiiitu: for each charge. One canriilge is piimcd wirfi an decnic bias! mg caj! ami tied in a fan id k: with nr hers. I ini ex are hnred in i lie me at iinervals ul Iroin twentv live fo filn leer. A bundle of v art ridges is rhen dropped through each hole and allowed to hang free in I he water. The charge is tied to a stkk ol wood Lot! across ibe hole us pre \cnr. its being carried away by the cm rent oj t lie stream, As many loads as necessary for a bias? arc wired in series and all ate shot ek:s finally at one time. In loading, tin. explosive does not tome iu coiu.ui: with the ice itself. I? is the disturbance which tlie explosion creates in the water that, aitually breaks up the jam. If properly handled, explosives can be connia! upon to do t he work vvich cut ire sansbict inn; the essem ial t hitig is to get ihe dynamite on the job before the ice [am has done any damage. Del a v iinv he disastrous. The Cover wind and a wanner vane! The piuure symbolizes ffie month when shifiy winds keep the figured indicator swinging. 11n owner, a hwcT id Spun, liked the design and douju less en ji tvs wa fill ? ng t he endless chase. The reproduction is from a photograph by William Rif rase. !he DU PONT /VitKM/me What's New Brief notes about developments, products,, booklets, and the like ft The GmsscHJ C'hrinienl Company, Inc:., hasunnouiH ed am m proved wood pre-sen alive (.hmnuted Zinc (hlo rtile which was developed alter a rliorough investigation <rf all the safe * real in^ agents used com mere ialhr and oilier materials suit aide lor pre serving wood. I he compound has been subjected lo companithc tests and the results are set forth in a recent.!v-issued bulletin, copses of which may be obtained bv w riling to the company tit its main ollice, 629 Lucid! Avenue, Clexdand, Ohio. :h e The Fabrics Division of the du Pont t.ompanv is disu tinning a bulletin called ihjKirnmtit Store Xcu.1 contain ing brief items .tbnui designs, Mvies and colors of merchandise char have had a successful sales background. A reeem issue refers to women's hand bags, tablecloth patterns, rug cush tons, crib sheeting, bathtubs ha* babies, and a pvmxvlin united fabric simulating a popular leather gram used lev 1 mum fat Hirers of slippers, bwarcheso! f lie materials and photo graphs ,1 re used for 11 lust ration. These bulletins will be ilia tied, on request, to merchandising exei m ices. *S Hie trade mime " HyUrene" has been selected be tlie June t hetnicals Division of 1 he du Pont C ompany to idem if y its I me of softening materials prepared from hydrogenated oils or alcohols, A- A- *- "A Story iA' Mun-MiKk* Rubber*' is i he title of an illustrated book let, |itst published by the Rubber ( hemteals Division oJ the du Pom ( ompany, which presents t he first really popular desert pi ton of 4'DttJVenc." Prepared to satisfy the widespread public interest shown in this syn thetic development, flu: booklet eso plains in non technical language how ' 'DnPrene" is made and processed. enumerates its spa hi! properties, and lists mam- of the nidus trial applica tions flt.it It.ive alrcadr been found for it. Incidental!v, there is a new use for ''DuPrcne'* iff cnimeci ion wit h a patei 1 fed valve w Inch may heul imer est to operators of auto service sta1 tons. l oojx*na Hex Tipvalvc, merely lies the hose connection ami presto, air, water, oil or gasoline, as the mse may he, flows through the tubing. To shut it, jnsi straighten the hose. The Hex Tip \ tifve Sales ( ompam , Den ver, ( oloruJo, distributor, reports that "DuPrene" lias been loum! barer tfun rubber in making the hose lor valves of this x\ pe. + S 4- Rceent pubtivnlioris ol flic R - H. Chemicals Department ol the du Pont Company include the latest issue of `\ h'/.a'" Vcr:;is Sa i, .1 penodnal for the refrigeration ami air ^otiuif lotting industry: I ! :<' to /e i.v/v V.-orf tv.g i a :t> "' /'. .1. ( ." / )*,A, a hook lel giving directions for flic seed treating of grains ansi vegetables, a bulletin report mg the results id a survey on business gams u inducted among dry cleaners and laundries using "' I ri- Clenc." and the U/f./rfrriy /Vdr i 0/ id l liem 1 eaIs produced In this department, .< +. is "Nov Color l Jiirnnuiv for Y<mr Home," a 9-1 page book let |u>t issued hvt lie Painr and \ .inibh Di\ him ot the du Pont ( ompativ. presents ui a scries ol* full Color d lust rat ions Tree suggested color schemes ior each of several diflcrciu an. hi iceaural t vpes ol houses. Co I or eflcets fur t he various rooms also are shown. In addition, die booklet contains a rotogravure insert' illustrating how to do numer ous painting jobs, ami what finish to use on cat h. /dee Seventeen 11 Floorkola'* is rhe name of a new du Punt product now heme marketed through dealers In the !' 1 rushes Division, h > a L Lair, touch, Jnexpensi \ e finish for hardwood doors and ib applied with a long handled "spreader" that eliminates the tire some work id gen mg down on one's hands and knees to do die job with a brush. Instead, one simple pours a little ol the varnish on :he door and spreads it over the mu !l u .c in a p-rv. Thiorkot.i" is Tiered ior sale in conjunction with tins device. Rubber Mankind $ Friend ,u k I miskets tor priming rollers and blankets or for oil and gasoline hose U 1.,1 fries ihe Held os usefulness and saletv of rubber Hi new heigh is bv protect mg rubber pans themselves front 1 heir own weaknesses. When applied uver rubber insulated woe, ' 'DuPrcne" provide resistance t1 r Pit; devastating uia f ut e/iac Jc \ vk >ocd U\ 0 11* au discharge It makes K1 ha m cloth more impermeable so hvdnjga: and helium and more resistant to sunlight. In a hospital sheeting ii goes a pn k Iik t i IHO is not ,CJei ti d H the most severevlisinfia ring 1 liemuaK or wvnlounon. \\ bile ` 1 )t-Pivne xast lx: usCxl for pra^ii-xalh' .mv pro.!. u k t now nude of rubber, iw held is compliment.uv rather than ^oinpai live to rubber, h is usee, tin I hose |-uir[HWes for whuli lufutai tuhber is ia.ulequate or ui'j.auiaide U e can feel verv grarejul in rubber and 11> svjit !ict u rcfaUini ' DuPrcne" lor filar manv ^ont nbut ixms to our welfare anil comfort, ami we shall expect continued technual progress to ojxui up- bin her applications of useful service. In fait, m out* fee I mg for than we can, wnbour t unciam, ap-ph* Dr. Samuel Johnson s acltimion of grat mule 44a hvelv ant h t patlOTi 01 huurc favor." Ih(- DU PONT /lidCij.-i.'li-; The Whittier Graduates You may attain the same distinction with a sharp knife, a piece of wood and an idea. Go foah and carve your way to feme By HENRY P. DAVIS IL. general!', sut cm the pun.h ot i Ik ; o mnnx si. .re .me. shit red wit h flic miii, I R>!:i his cracker box throne Jic dispensed 1i ec ad\ h.:c, solicited ur otherwise, to t he cr?uin roide. Whether the guestum pen,lined to ? he font f fi d i mention or fallen arches, matrimony ur im metai'e s\ sidiis. Ire was a tree handed, open Penned oin vers.it iomdisr who spukc with assur ancc, d nor with rtut horit v. He was the iiimmuimv phiIti-s*jpHicT and his dissertations were puncsuat cd hv del K.ire sJia 'rings which c nr led hefure his knife blade (ruin the cedar stick and fell in a pile at Ins leer. We knew him ax The Uhl Whittier. To his conn iiucked vonng and old, in listen to his words of wisdom or to pass the time of day. Hut we sat at his side, and with wondering eves watched the shapeless block of Soft wood he caressed with fits knife, take the magic form of an animal* a wild duek in flight, or dec chip into some intricate, \et meaningless design pioiiipted by his own iiiiiigination. He was nture t han just The Old Whit tier. He was ari insrifurion, a sage counselor whose Immdr philosophy bore the st;inip of irurlp an artist tv ho has left behind him a heritage of craftsmanship. And i'h h v , even in the rush and husrk oi tins progressive d.n , Ins tribe, is nu. reaving. I'or thousands upon thousands, who o ik e m of led at the hohhv of whittling isi the belted that it was a pastime for the thrift less, hase come to the realisation that ir is an a venue of creative expres sion which anyone can follow. A sharp knde. a pacce of wood and an idea const it life the only equipment necessjrv to cujov this hexane si m.r tf r version. Vow rli.tt: people are havitig more hours of leisure, w hurling is coming into its own. AH over the cuuntrv, folks are whittling again. I he muro pidii.111 school boy, w lio nevei o\\ ned a pocket-knife, watches his dad con veri a march sink inio a wooden chain ,md immediately wants to Lest his skill in carvlog in 111is revival id interest in an age old hobby, whittling clubs arc being The Old Whittier enjoying hii favorite potlima while thinking over prahffunt of the day formed, whittling contests are being sponsored hv fraternal organisations and m a nv schools ha \ c included wood- citrvmg c>nirses in their schedules of manual training. Some months ago, The Bridgeport (ionnect icui } HI ks C Tib sponsored a K bit 11 mg t onresi among t he hovs of dial commtmirv. C ash prizes were the awards, and the response t.o t he piofect Jar exceeded ex pec I a lions. M ore than ambi(ions voting uni- sans entered rhe contest and maiiv of tire specimens of their work indicated real talent me ralixinanshir1and wood - carving. 7lie winner was lilteen rear ohl Anhui Diiuosi, a itmior in the Str.-ir Iot\l (ciiiK'i ik i:t . High School Appropriately enough, Arthur's win tung s|\.ctiiK.n was a handsome: elk sec in xr page). 7 he elk was carved from a small block ot w lute pine, che youngster using a bronze model as his guide. 1 lie base upon which t he animal si amis was whin led from a strap hoard of pine, and the elk's nght hire foot rests upon a small sunup ihac once adorned i he I mulch ut i he hat. k card t hen y tree. Noting Davton hud no previous experience m wood-carving, alt hough he had been tnteirsicd Ini some rime in build ing airplane models. He won tlie air plane model cunt c m sp; insured hv the Bronson Haw lev Post, American Legion, in October lYVh During bis seventh and eighth grade years in school he had two months' insiriu.non in woodwork classes, but iliis instruct ion did mu touc h upon t he subject of wood caning. Young Damon's interest in whit tling and wood curving is not mins ujh While fiis r.dents in this dircviitm max' he far above the average, they are horn of the same creative urge that prompts main Youngsters io ex press themselves in various kinds of banditi\il r. The I act. that there is no nec css i t \ foi elaborate eumptnenr makes wliit tling or wood carting all the more am active Hvervune i. an ufiord io own a good pocket knife, and even youngster is jusllv proud of a good knife lie Can cad all Ins own. While i lie w hif tlet 's epui pmenc is simple, he is particular about it. His Lubes must lie <>! ihe best goalitv, mi 11 icv wdl hold i he sharpest o! edges. Gc nci ,i If v, he uses ihrec knives. C )ne srnisi lie ol I lie large size, strong and sturdv, with a large blade P-ive t ni hfr ct) hu: DU PONT forc he heave ' Vhippinp d" The n there .should lx- a knife of medium sr/e, with several blades. 1t is with [his knife that most of fhe work is done. His amine equi pment ts completed vs ii h a small knife for cross-prain work iiimI all farcinI carving. W hile I In: design m;ir van au.or dine ln individual tastes, all ihicc lun\cs are qualm products, rclk\. 1 iny the com bination of flic imest material and i he hiphesr class w u'h inansh i p To* mam', a p> >ckct knitc is merefv a pot, km knife, bur co she w in tiler n is i he son! of Ins art, the medium of his expression, ami fur Mich, a piirpose onlv ihe lxst will sen e. But wdiai about this pun. kci knife ihe whtn la values so h iphWhere dries it antic from and xh;ii romarue is ai cached to ii ' I he Oh! Whin let phrased an answer 10 these quest ions otu'c when some one seolfed at his hobby. '* W hv, ntv friend," said lu*, "mu norm understand whittlin'. Abraham I .in < oln was a whin ler, and l rat her expect lie thouphi up the (idtvslnn-p Address while vhippin' ;nv,iv at a pi 11 e l>o,tid. And < alvm ( .*ndidpc loved to w hit He, ami so do a lot of other famous mm. Just think, w lien 1 m whittlin', I'm ciqovinp the sec vties of |x*opIc bairn alt over 1 he world bor instance, the sred ui ihis knife was smelted and rehned in Sweden, t he soim e of i he'finest it em ore in the world. The gamine Map this handle came from I lie British kohmics. The pearl on the handle of this .smaller knife once rested in tin: xalrv waters of the South Seas. I he brass a riel nickel in it are products of Arthur Stratford, Connecticut, winner of thi' (Uidtjrport (Iks Club Juniot Whittfiny Ccnts'U (or 1934 A morn. ,m industry So v See t here are lots of people dircaU mtcrested m me as I mi here whtl the'." flu; Old \\ hit Her was riplit. rhere aiv hus o! p<. opk eommervial I s' inter csied m what he is Join::. and mam thousands mure are personalis inter ested in his liuhbv. I lie Mon of the pocket knife re quires an article id its own. Bnedv, t here aie sSO ditiereui iipei j u u h s m die mamifae r ure of a sinyle, qiialin |HKkef-ktr.tc, all of winch require care, precision am! the hiphesr qua! ity id workmanship. bach pme of m.iferial is tested and rc tested, and she kmves produced hv the Rem nip ton Arms ( ompan v, Inc., must meet t lie most rip id requirement s of seien tiftc standards. The blades must lx I eft, thawing what can be made ham black % of wood like the one pictured Apre. ROM, ct few tammies of plfrCCtUe carving, The artist is C. W, Nch-cn f oi'ped . h ardeneu and temper-, J , pso iiu l P placed and sharpened. Ike springs rcieivc the lOvatcM of eare oi lie.o trearnip, ; iwM-mip and pobsh mp I he holsters, or new. and hmnys are id the JmeM matt nab and oms: sneer tIn. htphiss si an Jards. I he handles tuns; :it pci hath .is-si iliaH It in both design and qnjim X1 aster cn(lers, dev. ite j r* > tiiur w nrk bnvo as hue as m-nucx ,.,n luo . I he ret urn to whit f bnp as a alive Itohhv has brut,-dii a flood ot ir-qmries to ihelaukrv Di vision of i he Re may;, ton Arms kompunv. ah ui fhe same to'ie "ll lui can I do with .1 :\k set Truk' and h, >w' ' lo me; r this demarol a I'o.-wlet Lt'iidvJ 7;.. /)- u ;/h A h-d<f k;;." W;>S j-'iC >duCi.\l. Wl-.Hl'H 1>V f. J T.UV yernuu, 11 ue of the a mu trek K tiiiormcJ. .no'n^'f; ies u-i xsuisdcjrx inp, the hoo.xlet wa.^ iwoud entb-.isusncalh-, and w si kin a few months more than RO,c\K') copies fouml rrxir wax into i lie hands of in wrested pri sons. Profuselv jlhis:rased, the booK let y ives v:.et a 11 cd ii:Sf rucl: OU:s. I'utured io .U\:\vini's aru! phot, i irraohs, for the xslitnhr-p eu a Lira number ol nuiTiMru; okoects. 1 he materia! used, has a w 1 de raiipi., from match Micks, pea-Jostones .m,'. paddies to blocks from which hui fast ic designs nu\ he i ar\ ed. 1 l'ic kiiul of ei|uiptfu-m to tlnuise, kma-;% and wand, is described. I he hookk! mintripuinp 1 hroapjuuii. and w he-rher Pift Ntnet&tn The DU PONT Maqxrine Bleaching Textiles with Peroxide One of the most modern commercial methods for whitening cloth employs o principle in practice before the Pyramids were built Bv A. R. TUCKER 13.u k" in the days when rlic Pharaohs 1 hev are not stire enough. Therefore, were Inn IJmg grear pyramids am! aided bv mechanical equipment, we magnificent palaces a period histor perl orin the same task chemical!)'. ians like lo call *lthc dawn iA civil One of the most modem met hods i/at'ion" - the F.gyprimes bleached, of bleaching is accomplished he rhe rheir resides bv exposing iliein in rhe action of "live" oxygen liberated act ion of strnf i 14I1 moisture ami air irom peroxide solutions, This does along rhe hanks of rhe Nile. They she same thing as the b.gyprians did could scarcely tot exec that, thousands bv spreading rheir textiles in the sun of years later, large industrial plants along the banks of the Nile, for rhe m a then unknown country would activc oxygen released by the perox employ that same principle. ide is rhe same as that derived from Most of m remember rhe unpre air arid moisture hv she action of cedented hurst of popular interest sunlight an operation incessant in that billowed the opening oi King N autre, The chemical method, of Tutankhamen's tomb it Jew ye n s ago. c o w m*. c*> rwuhs infinite Articles ol all descriptions blossiacted forth in designs inspired he J'.gvptsaii Jeio ranvc monis, and a wave id "King Tut" srvles swept " ' ww : the country. The cra/e fo usSSSBB cused artentfon upon she amazingskill shown In die early 1 -.gyptiairs in dyeing :m^- their fabrics. And this led archaeologists to conclude that, however crude the met hods used then, t hese people new experienced sit the art u( bleathhue. 7ex tiles having such hnllianie- and uniiormtiv of odor, c\eit in the most defn.are sh ades, must have Keen bleached to j snowy white ness a> prepare them for rhe Jycs The principle now em ployed for the commercial bleaching of textiles is the same as that used in she early ten nines oi recorded history, but the technique, ul course, is vast j v different. Nature's methods are not only tno slow for us today; Paqa Twenty quit ker. A satisfactory white Can now be secured in hours, whereas months were formerly required. Bui a great deal ol development work lies between the practices of ancient limes and ! hose of t he present t. It will perhaps give us a bet ter under standing of modern procedure if we review- briellv its technical and his tor seal background. Contrary to the well known miss cry rhyme, Mary's little lamb does nut have a "lleece as white as snow," nor while it's stilt on the animal. Woof in its natural stale is discolored. AH textile fibers, in fact, possess Cet tain amounts of coloring ' nun rer that must be re moved li a pure white fabriv is teqmred, or if the cloih must he prepared so that jt will take rhe deli cate si ia lies and tints of dye evL-nIv.Th.it is the function of hleaefling. And since the coloring mut ters are largely of organic origin, they are peculiar! v susceptible to the attinn of various chemical agents that are used. Not all 1 In. chemical re act if ms whit h lake place in hIeachi 1 lg a re c 1 ea rjy under stood even Stiday. Hence,it is obvious that rhe Dutch, 1 hough their superior skill gained s hem a monopoly which lasted tins it the Mid dle of 1 he eighteenth ceti- Early bleaching method1, m depicted in this quaint illustration showing the grassing of tine* m Old England, inroived days of arduous hnnd-hbor and months of exposure to the sunlight l:ilMlliny(llirl I lAl'HiMl I :i > . 1N _ The DU PON 1 /Atic-ii.' t rut To sothfy present-day demands for text!hi, enzrmaus tfuaniitias must bo produced a( law <o*l. Modern chemical hfemhinj, winch combine* speed and economy with permanent results, is an essential factor in makim possible such mass production os this scene represents fm\', did not. know exaei ]y whvi heir methails worked. Musi oJ their bleaching business was ^unfilled to linen cloth, fur m those J.ivs cotton was i.nnsibcred white enough lor general purposes. Brown linen was .sent so 1 lollaml from all over J uropc, with large quantities sommj* Iroin l lie Bri t ish Isles. Abou ( six months were required lor the various stcepntgs in he, soaking* in buttermilk, and periods of exposure ru sunlight before sa) tsfaciot v results were ob tained Nevcn lie less, i he Hutch were auuaiiy using a eheimcal method. rite cenier nf t he: trade next sit sired to Ireland, where large areas of grassy meadows were set aside lor r he bleach mg nl linen m r lie stmlighu The Irish boiled the t loth in liquors made from the ashes of kelp and steeped it in sour milk, ah enuring tfie.se treat men is with periods of sun exposure. I he firsi major improvement over Tie.se tedious methods came about 1770, when a Scon h chemist, realiz ing thai ii was the acid in sour milk ami buttermilk shat made these dice live, substituted wates* ;u ululated with the then new sulphuric iw id. This red sued the si me required for 'smiling*' to alums i wens v four hours, ami an the total operating ciiuefrom about eight months to lour. An even more important change rook place in 17S7 when i. hlorine gas was mii'iidiicwl as .i bleaching agios h> James Watt. At first chlorine did tiol gain rmu.Ii headway because ot its hazards and the mLonvenieike in handling :i. but m 1bleaching powder, or chloride of lime, was lonmshited. This gave she bleacher an easily handled form of chlorine lor making up sohimnis that would bleach textiles quick 1 y. Sulphur dioxide subsequent!v was imrodtuei! for hlctuhing wool and, inwards t he dose id the 1 Uih ecuf urv, interest was show n in hydrogen peroxide, Hie bleach mg propers ic s of this substance are due to its capability of liberal mg in five oxygen m immeiliase contact with the materials to be bleached. 11 was ear tv found thus |x:mxsde could he used on ill I types of fibers and that it met all requirements for an ideal bleaching agent I he only factor handicapping its widespread use at flie outset was the lack oj economical methods lot making ir. At the beginning of she present a'nnirv, the possi In lit n.s of peroxide as a hk aching agent' were given care ful study m this anmtrx by The Rocsski <\ I lasslacherCliemieal (bunpa nv , in w the " R . \ 11." {* hern k a Is Department of tin. du Pont < ompam An extensive stirvev indie a red that the material, if prodisted economy t-abrics to be marketed in a pme white stair or in the tighter colon mart be bleached. The chemical method, titw stave of which is illustrated here, is universally employed today. Amom the bleaching agents used, parasitic k finding incteasino favor c.dlv, i.oulii isll an important punc m Tie textile indusiry. Accord mgl y, m,,nuJ act aw was star fed at the phmt Lit Penh Amho\, New Jersey. The curl v commercial devehMunent of peroxide for hkacUuii: took place iluellv in tile straw, silk and woolen fields. Moth of the last named being annual fibers, spa t a I w. re is necessary in their t ivat mem. life no Lira-ss of Iwdrogen peroxide was found fo make t: especial Iv wi I cable in I his work. I he activities id the RoeSsler ik Hasslacfier C hemn a 1 C.ompanv in making rhe maten.d avaliable m commas sa 1 qu m r' nex rid a t a reason able pnee .>nr nbuu d fo os more extensive ts>e D rhe textde ir-dimtv. Subsequent 1 y, the o>iiip;inv msro- dneed sodium |''croxis'e, solutiot;s of whiifi offer a S'mtce of hkaclniig i-x vgL-n Millw icut i v low m ^osr tu enable I he peroxide ?m t hod to l -i apj^liei.f ecimoinic.ilI v to 11 uton Ld- rics. Like its kindred compound, so dium peroxide I'l'iemuaHv changes tlie Ctdoi mg manei m textiles so that there i> no danger of ir^ reap-pear ana:, lls Use hkewise insiues a True. tx:ntiaiH:nt white m thnh that w t:> be markerevl ns t Isat stale, and ipves ixeclli-nr c bottoms nuirenat so uniform meal r that n will uke Tie most delicate vlvi' s'uides evoilv. J!*u* "IT k H ( bunn a Is Depart * mem now mar Lets 100 volume hvdro- gcnperoxidi. under Tie 11 ade-marked name ".Alhone and sodium per ox ide under i lie r ,ale-name ' 'Solo.-'- aw. I h-esc I'U'oduets are well known and are also utilized lor Ideas a mg materials, s l h h ax getaiin, wood, ml, but i otis, teat furs a no t Ik . like. i\*i,ve Jwejity i')nc Jhv, DU PONT A^Kiffazine: Fashion Dictates washable Fiandbags Those made of white ^PyralirT are truly fine in appearance and little effort is required to keep them immaculate . . . . By R. I. ELLIS Wrnr woiccn already planning i heir spring and siiinintr tilths en sembles, new .sc vies of accessories are siihft'ifs r)f uniclv mreresr. AJvaiice showings, ns usual, indicate that white wearier: apparel will he sea sunah!v smart and that white lumdha 14s made of t he du Pun! plastic you Is now best hr as trade marked name, "Pyralm," will continue to he importanf items of mei\ hand ise. Who'i these hays were In si inii'udie.cci, mato j<eoplr wondered how lunq thev would remain in voqur. Some said chev miqhi survive- one season. Others dec lared that wash able haudhat/s would al w a \ s have a market, a forecast ih;ti seems well Intruded in the liqht of hist vearbs experience. I hen, so iitauv women wanted "Pyrahn" ha54s that man uf;a tttrei s and dealers were hard pressed in meet 1 he den and- Phis year preparations are he n il 1 made to base hirqcr ssik .ks of the IPdS styles on hand ami (mm all indications they will he needed. "PyrafstP* handhays are noted for both their beaut) ami their prac tical utility, A ban of ibis kind sc I P>-jif-.-' Twenty Iwo dom, if ever, wears mil, and when one beeotnes soiled with dust, its on run a I snow-white surface can he restored easily am! t|U!t:kly with a little soap and warm water. The Iofferings will include an imereMiitp variety oi designs ami decorative diems. A few of them are illustrated here hv permission of rep resentanve handbag manufacturers whose names will he In mi slice! on re.jiiesi. liKjnineh addressed to Dvpi 2>, Du Pont Vistolotd Compatty, Inc., dy) I'ifrh Avenue, New York < try, will mehc prompt attention. The DU PONT Magazine Deepening the Detroit River t Uit. ' : I he Arundel < iorporat ton'* headel tuners is housed, mu m the usuaI cumraemr's i. amp ntt shore, bin on the Ah Ah /lr/;///./, a former Cheat Jokes passenger sSearner wliieh is anchored in the channel. And an other vessel, I he Ah Ah JaJ;.w.,\ serves as a headquarters and also as a power plant for Ciconic Mills C omp,my. Superintendent Johnson also intro duced a new tvpeol drill and a special c harpjm; <k vice nut used hewto Jote on (he Detroit River. The drills have averaged about sixteen Ice l |x:r elapsed hour in sendee, anil the chunter has si deed ihe problem of loading dirty ami rutted hides. l ake most const me t ion projects, 1 his one has bronchi to the working forces the usual joys and grids. Per lutp.s the most disappointing e\ f'erseiiec wnne when Seen on l) was unwatered. Hack in tlie 20's flits scv;ion was said to have been on tlie route of rum runners who smui'ykd liquors from (hm.nLp tna k mg J rom one to six lonitd nips every twent\ four hours So n was believed that when this section was dried up, some automobiles would be found, also plenty of whiskey, wine and beer, dumped by the rum runners when the Law was too hot on their trail. 1 lo\vevei\ when the river but tom Within ifur coiferdam was exposed, Hie either expectations of the work men were shattered. We arc told that r only a few bottles ol liquor and some t uses ot beer woe revokelul. AVhat a disillusionment! Ihe Livingstone i .li.imid, w hen Supplies of dynamite hr the (vntrcctws' me ore $forerf Or? Powder Home Island, shown here, and every rfery service boot* make deliveries to fftc blasting Crews lotnpleted, will have a cleat depth of rwciHv-cight feet, which will permit sliips of twentv four fool dial t to pass tImni/'h wish case. And that A cameraman wat or, hand when a bhj piwo of rack ws! brought vp from the bottom by opp of the big dredges. WMf ncl attempt to estimate l-W weigh I of this chunk of limestone, but a was a good toad fat the bucket at you can see manyu el safety is no: too large, tor t he water le vel of < lie rover is >nme times a hj.ii lower dun usual, and anerhi" foot must he a lowed lor the sqiia: or- settlenient <A a ship's stern when :n motion, NU.Cii has l'ecu written about the huge sire ol present dav lake Weigh l ers. flu Liuluv an-.Isp-eed w oil winch thet .nv loaded ai d unloaded, and tlieir bnv o]er.mng ,.o s in . I -nques tionahh , a h iph order of Clio teat v has been attained, Inn that res oft has largely lxen nude possible kv.nise deeper, wider waterways haw; Ixcn opened, notably in the bottle neck sections of the Detroit River. Phvss Callv consideietl, fhe blasinn.' and remowil of nearly 2,7AAn\>;*> cubic yards of material mostly r<k k ai tile l.i vinr.Motx- < h.uvicl i> a me. job. 11s uimplet-on wi.d lie an important to en f, for i hen new arpos'es l an f'unction ships ot deeper drat? and A larger v..u.i(1ti . aud it the po> posed bi I .a wiVik'c w.o ei'wa e material mew I leers of i * tea r Lakas sfeatneso imiv some d,i\ operate on i fie high sca> Nm. n.,- --Ml-.-! -L-IU- u , !-:>.. !. :*** j': ;x ro 0:.- i . s l :.-i . ,, . O-,- ^-a. f-', \ A, | t P-.,i i C. M I i - x l : v ?. ; Pace Twenty-- ITi,',- The S. 5. At'norm, total headquarters of fht? Aiutidut Corporation. Ihis %hrp has outlived rti usefulness as a passenger ftaamer, but still furnishes excellent living quarters fat the contractors' empfaves 7/ttr DU PONT Maya/me The President s Annual Report in ihv v oiit pn\'s own manuka. i uivs And also lher comparative shims -A die several consuming industries for r!ie v cars show n*. R l.SKA Hl.'H : "During the past: year die turn pane has Cum i nued it s c h e mica I ami engineering research work as major ac r i vines. Otic of die imcrc-sting trends in she activities ol she them teal manufacturer is the increasing application ol chemical and engineer mg knowledge co sales pro!duns. In s li\s way, addit tonal oni lets lor exist sr.g prod iu .u k and ptjiential outlets lor nee, products ate developed. "The appln.arion of rhe progress of the sciences to ilie nunutfacniring activities oi the company isntsl d emend, to a verv large decree, ilur un!v upon t he .success in t he selection of research subjects, hot upon the quality of ilie research personnel also. Omsranr: care is exercised in she select i oji of hot Is. "Bin. research as visualized In' the du Pont Company is some!king more than a ddenshe agency aimed only ri! insure a present position ir is ere.it?* s, ami upon I lie creations nf today depend nine 11 oi tomor row 's business. This forward - look i ng view point enables the modern chemical immuTioiirer to depend with assur a nee upon future markets fur his products. During the past year i he company's research acri\ icy has led to rhe Miccesshfl introduction of a numkr of new prodm Is." I he report comments briefly on the au i\ itics of the Special Gom rnitae of the l-nitcd States Senaie jut hoi j/ed lo invesi tga ie the macu lae! ure and sale of immif.oux oJ war Ij . states dearie the com pans" s postnon with relation ro rhe Cio\ern~ mends need fur mdirarv explosives j n i hese words . "A word ma.y be desirable as to the coin pa n v s present post non anil njtent with respect to I lie manuka t nrc of miliiary cxplustses The Comparative is n i m por t ain't* of this hn s i ii css, aiuotinii.ig over the. past ten years ro less than 2 per cent and in the past: rear in onlv 1 pei unit of file toral iriamif iii i tiring at. ii v i f i t.'s of rhe du Poni Company and involving the? K'rvii es of only a lew hundred out of a toral of' some thinv-eight thou sand employes, has already been pointed out. ()bv mud y, s his business night bn surrendered without anv real impairment of the company A J-resent ability to earn profits, and no expectation in entertained of any large hmirc profns Jrom this source. I'nles.s and until l one 1 usi v c: f y informed that i he historic national pnlicv nf ourcoimirv in these m,irters has been rexer.xedt it is the present iin'ent of i he company to lontiime endeavoring to do its part in supply tug the needs id j Ik * Government for mililarv explosives, M As a mailer nf fun her interest, there is inserted at the front ol this report a facsimile of an `Award for f )ist ingnished. Serviced whicli the dii Punt Company, like tn.inv other tnnimions manufuu urers, receded from the Uiiited Srates Government at the l lose of the World War, oxer rhe si multures of Mew ton D, Baker, Pecrerary of War, am! B. < rowel I, Assistant Secretary of Whir and Direc tor of Munis ions.'' Now Floors Go Modern (Cmil.hs-f.-J ! >/>: if j One of the primary problems in dm eloping kok weave was fhe creat ing anti product ion of a new color line. Aiter t onsulcmhie studv of stvle trends, tlie company established a line of t wentv-scven colors, mam of them entirely new. Compared with existing carpet colors, rhe new lutes a re brighter, clearer, more ini crest ing. Several daring new sin tubers, such as white, chanreuse and coral, prm ide a distiiii i!v modern at tno^phere for she person of decorative imagination. I liege's a sis le note in I ak weax c, p;irrfv due to ( he smart mcjdcni o dors and partly due to die custom-made A Jlrf7r*h'on for qiff 'Ttriny is o whiltivr's y>t of Unhei, shown here. Thr? decorative hox ako contains a copy <i! Mf. Tanyewtan's booklet, "Things to Do w'tls a Pocket knife'1 design feature, wliicli is making it a first choice in many places where "the last won!'' must he ex pressed in the i.leoiraiions. In stylish dress andshoe sliops^ al'H>ard dc luxe ocean liners, on the crack new streatsdim? trains, you will find Lokweave adding an atmosphere of'prestige, h will also he found in homes where people appreciate the freshness of new- colors anti contemporary designs; nut neccs sarilr file homes ol the weal tin, for I a >k weave, xxiih all its ad\ antuges, costs tio more Plan flu: coi resj^mditig glades of the* oh! slvk k'roailloom. Many apartincnr dwellers arc buying ii for economy, since I,okweave is flic ideal wall-to wall carpet lor the migrant cjty |X-rson, When moving II a v <otnes, Lokwcan c js nut a lost invest men! because it can be te eiii. and fitted i o the next apan mem re gaidfess of the shape of the rooms. The Whittier Graduates h'-.-iu t-s,- one is a "shaviugs-whiti Icr" or sen mtsly interested in tlie fascinating past ime id xv< tod -carvttig for pleasure, much of' imcrcsr is in be found wit Inn its oners. It w i 11 be forwarded to anyone hv t he< ait lery Dix i.sion, JUun Siigfnn Arms ( .ompatiy, Inc,, Bridge pun, C.onneUicui, provided a ihrec icm stamp accompanies the reejnest. Ves, the Ok! Whiuler has gradu ated. Ills hobby is now recognized as an an, a worthy medium of self expression. And he is passing along his knowledge to the Junior C rafts men of America. I'a'.'i: iw(:l,!v-f ntif FOR EVERY TEXTILE USE ur <' , . \< . .. ACELES GALLOPONTS CELANTHRENES* PONTAMINES ANTHRAQUINONES Dl AGENS PONSOLS PONTAGENS ` SULFANTHRENES LEUCOSOLS NAPHTH ANILS * PONTACYLS* SERISTANS PONTACHROMES BASIC COLORS PONTAMINE DIAZOS Reg. U. S. Pat. OH, E. I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS & CO., INC Organic Chemicals Department DYESTUFFS DIVISION Wilmington, Delaware fsmS SHADOW i IKiH'r, .speeding through space with J incredible rapidity, fills the world with its radiance and furnishes the power that turns the wheels of life. And yet this pure, unfettered Light may be abruptly halted in its flight. As il streams through open windows, it often falls upon dark walls and dirt-covered ceilings. Then it stumbles, loses its radi ance, and casts gloomy shadows that hamper production. When Light fails, plant owners fall prey to costly penalties. Poor vision de creases morale, increases accidents, lowers production. Today, mill owners need not suffer the penalties imposed by failing light, thanks to an outstanding contribution from du Pont. I)n Pont chemists have devel oped a whiter finish for mill interiors. It is DI LI X MILL WHITE. Il stays whiter . . . resists yellowing . . . sheds dust. It keeps the light from stumbling. This service to industry is only one of many in du Pont history. In their efforts to obtain more lasting, more eco nomical, more beautiful finishes, du Pont chemists have been responsible for many of the major developments in finishes in the past ten years. Dueo and Diilux for the automotive industry. Dulux Marine Finishes for boats. Diilux for refrigerators. Ami du Pont Paints and Varnishes and Urusli Dueo to beautify and protect the home. There is a du Pont Finish for every pur pose. F. J. dn Pont dc Nemours & Co., Inc., Finishes Division, Wilmington, Del. (Spot RE5. u.s, paI.OM. FINISHES for industry and home DUCO... PA INTS... VARNISHES... DULUX REC;. IJ. S. PAT. Ol'P. HIT.. U.S. PAT. Ol'P.