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LIA24662
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Pins 1 end tJ
and liiglneering U Purchasing
LEAD INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION
Personnel
ISS MADISON AV (NUC NfW YONK IT. N. Y.
Hornier 2J * 19^1
SUBJECTS LEAD PIGtg3fT9 TECHNICAL LglTEK BO. lj
To Meabers of the Lead Industries Association:
A copy of our nev 'Lead Plants Technical Letter Ho. 15 - Red Lead Based Paint Systems" is enclosed.
This Letter contains recemended paint formulations and paint systems for a vide variety of exposure condltlooa and is basically a ccapllatlon of the data that appeared In earlier Letters In this aerlsa.
Approximately 10,000 copies are being distributed to lndlrlduals In the following group*:
Construction Engineers Corrosion Engineers Highvay Engineers national Paint Vanish A Lscefier Association neahers Paint Production Clubs Shipyards Ptallroads Water and Sevage Engineers
Additional copies of "Lead Plgaent* Technical Letter Ho. 15" are available in quantity at our printing cost of approximately 30 cents per copy.
Sincerely yours,
CpC-Y
Secretary
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LIA2A663
'jUI Mff j>a|)M,|i T U 'imm .n ]ii npmiM.^ iy oww!w^ iii|n>
RED LEAD BASED PAINT SYSTEMS
Foreword
r 2
Manufacturers o( Lead Pigments
2
General Properties and Suggested l..`ses of Recommended Paints
3
Surface Preparation
S
Painting S)-stems for: Highway Structural Sted Railroad Structures and Roiling Stock Hydraulic Structures Industrial and Marine Environment* Seawater Immersioil Rusted, Weathered or New Galvanined Steel
12 IS 16 It tl
19
Paint Formulations
20
Correlation Between Sew and Old Paint
Numbering Systems
..
31
o
UAD PIOMtNTS TICHNICAl COMMITTU ICAO INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION 291 Modito* Av mmt * Now York IT, N. Y.
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LIA2466A
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FOREWORD
This Lead Pigments Tcchn cal Letter contains recommended paint fotrauhtioos and paint systems for a wide variety of exposures. These recommendations include various speoikstion paiau at well at paintt that have been developed by the Lead Pigments Technical Committee of the Lead lnduitriet Association. All of the paintt and paint tytletnt Included in the Letter have been extensively field letted by the committee.
In the opinion of the Lead Pigments Technical Committee proper surface preparation of the steel prior to the applictlion of the primer coat it of extreme importance. For this rcatoa aa eaten* site section on this subject it included and it it hoped that this i ll aid the industrial user in pt* ting the losjeit pouiNc service life out of hit paint
A new paint numbering system that will Indicate immediately the type of vehicle, hat been adopted and will be used in (hit and subsequent publications by the lead Figments Technical Committee. For the details and a conelatioo between new and old LI.A. paint numbers, please refer to page 31,
This Letter is basically a compilation of the data that appeared in all previous Letters us itaaa series and earlier ones can now be discarded.
Inquiries o< these recommended paints or paint systems or on specific painting problem* ate welcome and should be addressed to (he Lead Industries Association or to the designated indi viduals in the member companies listed below:
THI tUNKU Htu COMPANY
660 Market Street, Son Francises 4, CL 1134--16th Street, Oakland 7, CsL
31S1 Tolas Avanwa, lot Angeles 22, CsL 2700-16th Avanua, S.W, Saottle 4, Wash.
Per rechairs! WoMifM arh JaSa W. C#JdweX PecMe OMsiea 3700--I4<h Avemre, XW, Saattla 4, Week.
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THI EAGII-PICHE* COMPANY
American Building. Gncinnott I, Ohla
Pa# hdMad MfmwtUm write Poaf Whirierd, KlwanS Dap, P.O. Sac IN, i#aM Me.
Chicago 2, Cincinnati 1, Cleveland IX Oallat 26, Kansas City A (Me.), Now Yoeh 17, Philadelphia 4, Pittsburgh 2X Nave Orleans IX Alfonla
HAMMONO UAO PROOUCTS, INC
S22I Hahmsn Avenue, Hammond, tnd.
420 lexington Avanua, Naw Tork 17, N.Y. 40 Inst Main Street, Carnegie, Pa.
Per technlral lefereiartaa write f. M. Setsme at Haiaaiead, led.
i
NATIONAi UAO COMPANY
111 1roodway. New York X N.Y.
Par technical iafermitrlen wtke A P. Sotaa at ebeee addrata.
Atlanta, luffais 2, Chlcoga S, Oneinnoti X CWveland 11, Dados X Philadelphia 2X Pittsburgh IX St. louls I, Son fronelsco Id, Boston X Charleston 2J (W. Vo.), Seottla X lot Angelas 22
WESTERN IEA0 PRODUCTS COMPANY
P.O. B* 1211, City of Industry, CoL
A Par techaleaf ieParmafian write Thaeiot X flair at a6ave oddfata.
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LIA2 4665
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GENERAL PROPERTIES AND FORMULATION INDEX OF RECOMMENDED PAINTS
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34
34
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101
30
17.1
S3
103 31
134 33
103 31
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31
111 34
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34 it "1 M
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Writl *a4 *ihAi*( printing *4 Rrv* tvrsl (tool wrfoco*. *Kop prktong. frridp** nd tfeUto proctor**.
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34
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AAVHO4C0, Trpg 1, Clou 3
1 1 AA.SM0 AOfc
Trp* M
WKt# Wod hand pomh for Ir* m*d/mt tocond M4 oo p top roof for Pto torol pool Mrfoccv fcndgoi end tiulor Pvdvrw,
34 1 AA4 H 0 -M67, Trp II Fofcogo Croon
FoEogg prggg top or folk (OOf for Pvttor at tfool w ^c k *v bridgm 4 umilar Hvctgr**.
: 33
147
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32
303
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314
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35 ;
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1 JULJMC.-M71. Typo IV
i 4 fcdorol TT-T-IAo, lo^pmoM to (boxaicorir COMomir.Otod Trpo Ml
4c Hilt, gif C0Ad*''0<"g COftdwIfV
}fgnm*w<gn to-*gn,
QvO'd rK
iron fencing, bofrl-ng p^oM
tHlp Irtorton, onpng r>Oto
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toArood (Oft, tHrog* tonl tfttorfort, ir.dew tokb, k conditioning cw^vHi,
teonuniiwoo t^wgrt, k o h forking, hlp
X3 35
135 35
11
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j Formula If A
brldjrt **r i!df*Q'*r, <fo<Vt, ivrfoco*
' MIL7I7545
in d'lvtg brim, ivili^co* InlormrtoftfV
Immoftgd in i* wotor.
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LIA24666
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LIA24667
RECOMMENDED SURFACE PREPARATION OF STEEL
Proptr turfacc preparation can no< be vur.Kd loo uronjly. 71k toccctt or failure of a painl ijstcm very often depend, upon the ajeijuacj of uch prep-
iratkm. ti U hoped therefore that thc\c rrcommeruUtiooi will axl the inJuilrial ur in jctiiny the kmgca pouiblc acrvtce life out of hit paint.
Why Surface Preparation?
THL reason fiv surface preparation it to re
move exmuminants and improve adhesion trf a priming pain:. Adhesion n the hooding of the primary paint to the surface to which the punt n ap* p)icd Paiot win fail iq direct proportion to its lack of adhesion.
Mill cale, nut. din, grit, oil, grease, chemicals, and other surface contaminants make good paint pet* formance imp>wjNc by presenting betting of the me laI Rust, when it is painted met, continue* to form and eventually destroys the adhesion of the paint film. Likewise mill scale is likely to be under mined by fust.
Milt Seal*
Most structural steel is hot formed. It is covered with a mitturc oT iron oxides called mill scale, which is of variable thickness continuity and ad* hcviofl. Mil! scale ts brittle and t\ mainly magnetic iron oxide. Fe,0,. Due to flexing ot the ddlcrctwc in coefficient of expansion between the mill scale and the base mc^aL the milt scale cracks when changes in temperature take place. If moisture en ters a crack in mill scale, rusting of the Hi<* metal begins. As the rust creeps under the mill scale, ad hesion is destroyed.
Loose or semi-loose mill scale in time becomes completely detached from the b.jse metal. Rupture and scaling of the paint coat follow* Tightly ad hering area* of mill scale, through ck'ctttvhcmical action may provide sufficient localised corrosion to podocc pits, which may in time penetrate the have metal.
Groat* and Oil
Grease and oil are detrimental to adhesion be tween the priming point ami the metal surface. Small objects may have the grove and oil removed by a number of vapor degreasing commercial tech
niques. On Urge objects, due to their si/c and shape, the grease >..J od arc removed by washing or wiping with a suitable solvent
Wald*
WclJ deport* such as weld flux slag, wekl flux fumes, weld heat oxides, and weld metal spatter, are surface contaminants. t ketfK arc weld scams in particular and. to a somewhat ksvr extent, the acetylene weld >cams must be cleaned Krfore paint*ng
The weld flux slag remaining adjacent to the weld scam is strongly alkaline. Under humid cood.iiom it vapKuhes the paint x c .`ik Ic . forming fatty acid uwp\ which reduce adhesion of the paint him and, either through actual pores in the Mm or by <*rrx>tic action, water is drawn through the film to promote further corrosion.
The wcU flux fumes after condensation arc <?e posited noticeably in a band 2 to It m on either side of the wvld seam. Spray painting fails to disturb the condensate, which in conjunction with weld flux slag may cause corrosion to spread a considerable disiafvc from the weld seam. Brush applivd paint dilutes the weld flux fume condensate and lessens the intensity and area of action.
The weld heat oxides arc concentrated on the weld scam in a band about 2 in wide on eitVf side of the seam. These oxides form irregular od rough deposits and create unequal paint film th kncss. The thin spots in the painl thereby promote early film failure and sene as corrosion center*.
Ibe weld metal spatter deposits range frinn micro scopic particle* to particles 1 in in dimeter. The larger the spatter the more firmly the spatter is welded to the surface Paint film o*er these spider* fail prematurely due to inadequate film thickness on (he top of (he metal sp.ittcr or to tlv inability of paint to enter the junction between the spatter and the metal.
Sime pnint film failure, m general, radin'c* from
5
L IA 2466 8
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pinhead iu< vpoii often *>Kviifd with Bui. dig and ipatlcri, Ihcic drpiHiti mutt be itimived by g.'tding or Mailing or bKh brlorr painting if an
ajcrju^lr, uniform 61m thkknru b dcaited. When viranrd, I hr weld Kimi may be etpectrd to give almoal ai pxul tervite at I hr adjacent metal turface
What to Consider in Selecting a Method of Surface Preparation
.1
TIj : tpsesiics cf iclrct;ng a n*:hcd uf Mifau
istics, a useu by railroads, public utilities, highway
]
preparation depends upon s number of factors other
departments, and others,
than the economic cond^Mim involved, Among these
*Ihe hnvxd od vehicle, however, is slow drying
arc: and it is efteo necessary to use a lavtcr drying od*
J. Condition of the aurfica to be painted,
min sehxle cornbuiaUHt su*h as formula LI A
2. Type of service to which the mcUl and paint
No. 2<KJ tTT-P-Wa, Type Ilf. Such a paint b
wili hr subjected,
limited in its weftme ability by the presence of syn
3. Practicality of uvng a particular method be
thetic rom*. Therefore, surfaces receiving paints of
cause of environment, and
this type must be more carefully cleaned of corrosion
4. The type of paint which is to be applied
products and contaminant* J maximum performance
The requirements foe surface prcpaxatKn art mote
ts expected.
!
soxre as the wetting abd :> <4 the pain; dccrca^e-v
(ioing still further, painting requirements may
One ration why the afttx'orrinive red leaJ pment
necessitate the use \.M the sen rapid drying synthetic
in linseed oil paint, formula 1..IA. No
uhe vehicle tipc pa.nts. such a* I i*anu!a I I \ No JMK),
same as Fed Spec. IT P ``tu. Type I. or SSPC Paint I) has achieved an eminent frputatioo for prutectioa
<TI P >ba, type III) I I A 305 or Form u La LI A. No >o: <Mli-P-r\<45) <Bu Ships Paint Formula
*4 vtcel IV Its
sctl.nj* JurxKU'lK || has
No tlM. these pa*nts are useful and excellent when
deimn-ctrutcJ eiwdiert an'^i'ifisvion pcilormarxc
ApfCcd over carcfuJH prepared surfaces.
then used over steel hcrc MtuU amounts of rust
Ihc f.v .'A.tg
the Uiommcn.tcd methods for
and tightls adherent mill scale are prevent A surface
the surface preparation of steel to which red lead
condition such av thrs is *f!cn the best that no
paint is to he appi<d. al'ng with a table tndtca'ing
practica' y he ohUtnc-J to the f*cU. Equally good
the type of vtnxturd vUc'. ifsc cpo\urr. drying time,
mull' are hang oh . <rsd by similar hicii red lead
L.I.A recommended rcJ k*a! paint and spccifca'ioa
3
ia oil systems, whn.h hjvc pwd wctlng character
for the rev>m-nended ckanmg methods.
Surface Preparation Methods
Factors to be cocvdcrrd in selection of any metal protevlise paints arc surface preparation arJ the condition of the surface at the time of application, the character of the bust metal and the environ mental exposure.
Only those surface preparation methods which are pertinent to structural steel cleaning and which aiv nn*vt generally used are considered in this Tech nics 1 cttcr. The nupsT mcthsHls of surface prepa ration sf steel m-> Ik classed under three categoric*.
I. Mechanical surface preparation 1. Hand cleaning 2. Power tool cleaning 3. Sand or *b*-t blasting 4. Flame ck inmg
II Chemical surface preparation |. Wcathermg
2. Chemical ckanmg a. Allah cleaning b Pxllmg C. Steam cleaning
3. Phosphate surface treatment
til. Solvent cleaning and degreasing
The following arc pencral descriptions of the more common surface preparation methods. Under each heading will be founJ % reference to the detailed specification for that methm?, adopted by Steel Sr;uc* turcs Painting Council. 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittaburgh 13. Pa.
6
MECHANICAL SURFACE PREPARATION
Hand Cleaning (S5PC-SP 2)
Hand cleaning is best adapted to spot del ting for maintenance rrp.-uniing anj it no* rcconnradcd for u%c over large areas where more efTod** method* are available. It hits only the high spots of a surface. The operation it mint commonly accomplished with stiff, springy wue brushes, abrasive paper or cloth, Strapen, knives, chiseh, or chipping hammers.
The hand cleaning operation vanes with the type of mill scale and depth of corrosion. Wire brushing is one of the oldest method* of mechanical surface preparation and generally partially removes only loosely adhering mill wale, rust, old paint films, and dried or caked sod. It divs not remove adhering mill scaleIf stratifk-1 ru%t b present, it should hrst he removed by chipping anJ scraping before hand brushing A surface which n fiat and free v4 otatrwtiom and inegufahttes may be hand brushed at a rate of two square feet per minute.
Chipping hammers remove most of the m*3 scale, but if the action is lev* MgonHjt over thin metal, it may deform or even pierce the metal. Clipping may dnvc mil! wale <*r corrosion products into a soft metal surface Chipping is usually followed by either wire bnivhing or soaping Of both to remove loose mil] scale u; paint Mm* I'nkss care is eier* ciwd, some imbcvLJed mill vele may ' main which may cauve loca!i/rd carls paint failure
Hand scraping alone with a sharp-edged scraper it prvhjhly one W the least cfc\!:vc mcLh<x!i cvf sur face cleaning of metal as it removes only serai-ad hering rull scale s^J old paint films.
If oil or grcaw are present, *<*vcnt clewing with frequent changes of the solvent thoulJ precede hand cleaning; otherwise oil or grease will he spread over the descaled baw metal. Should explosive vapor* be present, a |cial oon-sparking wire or tool must be employed.
Power Tool Cleaning (SSPC-SP 3)
Hand cleaning mcthixh uc duplicated by power tools ilc-igned fm brushing. sanding. grinding. acaling, impact cleaning of chippinf, 7he general se quence of operational techniques is the urn at un der hand cleanc'j Power tool cleaning i more effective and mine economical than hand cleaninji for larger surfaces.
A latge variety of ihaprt *nl sires of brushes, (rindert and samlets arc availj hie and arc mostly of the Mary type. The electrically operated rotaty brushes are effective at operational speeds of .1lX) to JUKI r p m. under load, while the rotational speed of the pneumatic driven brushes it regulated by the air pressure and the volume if the mi Power brushes
may cut through thin mill teak but the wear oa the brush it excessive. The power brush mutt be kept moving to pretent burnishing which produeci a poor surface for painting.
Orindett and taoderi arc effective in the preparelam id a turfaec when the abrative frit tire it care, fully telev ted for the Job at band.
While (ftwet operated reeling and chipping hammen are fatter than the hand operated fyp'. they are tlcw at compared to other available methods. For very thick turfaec acnimutationx, they hive merit. The tool mutt be kept tharp. The Oj<ralor mutt be catrful not to remote round metai, drive mill tcalc into toft metal, or leave metal bum 00 the turfaec. The latter two cooditiont contribute to early paint failure.
Oil and grefic thouId be removed by to)vent cleaning before power tool cleaning to prevent spreading.
In either band cleaning or power tool cleaning a primer coat of red icaj paint thoulJ be applied before any rutting becomet vitiMe. A paint ryttem of two imi.il coati of red lead primer followed by tumble linith coati will give excellent service.
Sand or Shot Blotting (SSPC-SP 5)
Sind or thee Waiting proceduret are employed where all the mill tcalc. rust, rust-tcale, foreign ntatter (except heavy deposits of grease or oil), or paint ate to be removed and the base or "white" metal c ips-sed (or paint app'iealnm. Iheh p-oeevvet are based upon the abrasive action oa the surface if various ti/rd particlet of sand, thee, grit or other abfa-ivcs being discharged, either wet or dry, at high pressure Metal or noo-rr.eU..ic synthetic shot or grit is usually employed whe-.r recovery of the abrading agent is pos-'blc. while sjud it used pripsarity for operation, in which the abrading agent it expendable.
Sicxessfui Wasting techniques require careful eootidcratioo of pressures, ti/e of nozzle, distance of norelc from the surface, kind of material to be remo>cd, type if abrasive, lost of abrative. health hazard, cost if abtasiie. and type of surface pteparation required.
The -grit should be of sufficiently tmaU ti/e to remove effectively the surface contaminants without etcestive working of the meial turface or the formitKwt if frilcr-likc surface depressions, ridges or metal hai-v. The paint may not provide adequate film thickncst oscr tlic ridges or tipi of the metal hairs, and thus they become focal points of premature paint film failure. Excessive surface wotking if the metal may deselisp unequal stresses in some surface areas and tliese become cathcsdic to adjacent areas. This will accelerate corrosion as the paint film commences to fail.
7
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LIA2A670
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Dry sandblasting although widely used, should
by sandblasting. Once the base metal is exposed, it
he done with due health precautions, not only to
should be immediately coated with a red lead primer.
protect the operator from fine abrasive dust but t>l<o to protect other workmen in the immediate environ
Usually, in clear weather, sir hours or less will serve as a safe time interval between completion of sand
ment. Machinery in the vicinity of sandblasting
blasting and application of a red lead primer.
operations should be shielded.
Meld reports indicate (his method of surface prepa
Wet or hydraulic sand or shot blasting eliminates abrasive duvl hazards, but if water soluble inhibitors
ration followed by two coats of a red lead primer
point and a suitable top coat wiU provide from 8 to
such as chromate or phosphate types are used, they
10 yean of adequate protection.
present different health hazards which must be met
,i
with proper precautions. The time lag between completion of blasting and
Chemical Cleaning
priming is dependent upon the tjpe of I svting the humidity of the surroundings or the j/xsence of
Alkali Charting
soluble inhibitors in the wet Wasting fluid. Any
Alkali cleaning Is more efficient and less uozard-
Wasted surface should be further chemically treated
ous than solvent cleaning. Alkali deanert ir-dude
or primed with red lead paint before any visiWe
soak tank cleaning pressure spray cleaning elec
rusting occurs. On surfaces prepared by sand or shot Wasting
trolytic cleaning scrubbing and brushing for struc tural sled assemblies.
two ptimer coats of red lead paint followed by a
Alkali cleaning removes oil, gre se and soluble
suitable finish coat should give 10 to 12 years of
rust stimulators. Alk.-li cleaning wo not remove
service.
heavy or carbonized oils or rust inhibilivc oils. The surface o left alkaline and before painting it must be
Flam* Cleaning (SSPC-SP 4)
rinsed in a dilute acid water solution to present saponification of a primer Schiele.
flame cleaning may he used on many fabricated
shapes where the structural sections are of proper stivk thiclrvcsv. are readily accessible, not subject
Pkkling (SSPC-SP 8)
to warping. anJ where dehydration of the surface
Pickling is an effective method of surface prepa
is mandatory, (lane cleaned surfaces must he
ration for painting MiU seals and corrosion prod
paintcJ hefme condensation commences; hence, they
ucts are completely remised by pickling degreased
should he painted while still warm and dry. Recom
iron or steel in dilute aciJ solution.
mended practice requires painting within two hours.
The main disadvantage of this method lies in the
Marne cleaning is used to remove unbonded mill
necessity for following the pickling with a neutral
scale and old mill scale which has not been pre
izing and water rinsing operation to remove all free
viously painted. Rarely does flame cleaning remove
acid and reaction products, and then a rinsing in
all the mill scale. It must be followed by wire brush
Cither dilute phosphoric acid or chromic acid solu
ing anJ dusting before priming Marne cleaning
tion or mixtures of these to create an inhibited metal
should not !< ua-d oo slock less than *,* in. thick.
surface. This must be followeJ by a thorough drying
of the metal surface prior to painting
The undesirable attack of the base metal by the
CHEMICAL SURFACE PREPARATION
pickling acid is minimized and regulated by (he use
of suitable inhibitors which may he dissolved in the
Wothring (SSPC-SP 9)
pickling bath. These inhihtori create vnd regulate a preferential selective attack on the F Q scale and
PosviNy tie oldest surface cleaning operation is alnsosphciic weathering, a process whereby the removal of the mill scale is primarily dependent upon the corrosion of the metal and the subsequent
corrosion products. The surface s!>ould r 4 be etched excessively, but slight etching of the su face aids in the mechanical adhesion of the paint fl -
This type of surface preparation is U. tited mainly
loosening of the null scale by creeping of the rust
to cither small size objects or structural shapes that
between the mill scale and the base metal. In sir
are easily handled.
months to a year most of the loosened mill scale will
Red lead printer painting of the pickled surface
have fallen off. Any remaining products of corrosion
should be done before the thin him left by the chemi
and partially loosened mill scale must be removed cal treatment shows any visible signs of corrosion.
by sandblasting, wire brushing, scraping, or chip
After this type of surface preparation, two coats
ping before the surface is primed. Areas of tightly
of rej lead pinner paint followed by a suitable top
adhering mill scale can only be completely removed
coat thoulJ give adequate service for 10 to 12 years.
i
SlMm Ctoning
Where the size, shape or location males it impos sible to advent wipe the vuiface, slcani cleaning it becoming quite genera) in field turfece preparation Steam cleaning remove* dirt, grime, greare and loote oxidized paint, but docs not remove rust or mil) icale.
The most efficient steam cleaning includes the ad dition of detergent* to the steam-water mixture. If the detergent-steam water mixture Is sufficiently alka line, it will also remove grease.
The surface after (team cleaning is usually alka line and must be adequately rinsed to prevent saponi fication of the paint vehicle.
Phosphate Swrfaco Treatment (SSPC-fT 7)
Phosphate treatment leases the surface in a satis factory condition for maximum paint life, but it does not remove mill scale. Therefore, for the most ef ficient trealuicnt the surface should be pickled or Hasted prior to phosphate treatment. ImoluNc metal phosphates resulting from the phosphate treat ment extend the life of the paint film by improving adhesion, retarding underfilm corrosioa. reducing electrochemical action and the decomposition of the paint vehicle by corrosion products The mela! phosphate surface is strong and flexible enough to withstand thermal shock.
The phosphate treatment has been applied by
spray process, immersion, brushing, or portable spray equipment.
The MIL-C-10578 specification may be consulted for details. The Ij . S Corps of engineers Manual for Painting (19S3) refers to cold phosphite or chemi cal metal conditioners.
When properly applied, phosphate surface treat ment has been successfully used on ship plates, river dam gales, locks, etc. The paint application and serv ice arc the same as for pickled iroa or sted.
SOLVENT CLEANINO AND DEGREASINO (SSPC-SP 1)
Structural steel may be solvent cleaned by wiping, dipping, or spraying, depending upon the size of the members. Wiping is w idely used. It removes the oO and grease readily and rapidly and requires a mini mum of floor space.
In the use of solvent cleaning by wiping the sol vent must be changed frequently to prevent spread ing of the oil and grease, and due precaution, de pending upoo the solvent employed, must be ob served to guard against fire hazards and toxicity of the solvent. Solvent cleaning does not remove rust or mill scale.
Military Specification, MlL-P-l16a, gives cleaning methods for s.ccl and mentions the type of pe troleum solvent to use. federal Specification P-S-661 or AS IM Specification D4S4-S2 cover the use of "Stoddard Solvent." Federal ipecideations are avail able for n- Ht of the important sotventi.
9
L IA24672
*6, --fa-Ae"JL
Surface Preparation of Stool Recommended for Rod Load Paints
fQvfcJt ffvmmoryj
tt Tm Nm t# fa/tr
for TM Typo W fly*roc
Strvctvrol $ #*!
AftnotpKorfc
SrnKtorol Stool *1 Stors^s To*W
C^omkoMr Contaminated ANtotpVifi* W Marino bwVtwuM
r nW-*O--rlti *MI
MmotpWrfc
StrvcVeol $***1
Atmospheric
| AW fit#
TSee ffco I
fo/fowfof
j
AW Hm
lorommoWW
Sorfoco
Dryfnf 7/mo
AW toad
Praporatio* la
Xoov/rW for
Prfmor ft; , AorommoodW
fioo ooTo/ ! (too ootoj 1
to# TSoro SfM May
Ah* So AofoJrWi
34 Hr.
jtl-A. No. 100 HoW CWoninf
1VC4M
I* ! favor Tool
OootdnB
j SSPC-Sf 3
| SoWd Ooooinf
| to ProcoAa OAtor GocnLnf
SSPC4P1
>4 Hr. 1 Hr. 34 Hr.
UA N*. JOJ ! W CW<H
| SSK4M 1m
! ruk.
J SSK4M
UA No. 300 ' Hod CWj i| SSPCVS or
fkUitg SSPC-SP 1
1
UA. No. 103 HaW Oooninf SiPC-SP 3 or
, Pn Tool Cooninf
| UK. srj
$01*0*0 Ooomnf to ProcoAo Ofbor CloonMf SSPC-SM
StfWCtvtaJ StOOl
Ano*pKrk
4 Hr.
UA No. 300 Commercial IW CWMf
SSPC-AP4
l* Pc ICa|
| SSPC4PI
Sfivttwtol Stool.
Atmotpherk.
ip+<^r taWAnf Temporary 14 mo*J
Naw
I Hr.
Sjrc 1]
| Sohv* Ctmli*
j UK4M
' rv4
WW* |ro*hinf
SSPC-SP3
Hy^rovLt Strvrctvros, : Partial or Centmooet
g. C*d CoM,
bnmervoo t*
Sivc* Cota,
7to*k Wotor
Tii*n Gatov
Itpoud StlXtvTol Stool t PvmpMj
Stottora
Hy4*OvC< StrwVMCv
9. Crotf Gatov SlvJto Gatov Jointer Gatov
Lspctod Strvctvrol Stool Of NpiA| Station*
*ortkl or Coretinvovt Immorsioo ho
Pre*h Wo*r
4 Hr.
1 Hr.
UA No. 400 f Was* CWoAin
I SSPCSP5
I oW i Coodnf 1 Fro-frootmoof i Mll<`533SA I
LtJk. No. 500 ' Host Cloaning 1 SSPC-SPI 1 oW Ceottnf Piotr*otmont MJK-I537SA
!
-------------
!
NOH AN LI 4, pot*
wiB W* f*od pa^e* 26 t* M.
SSK tpeoUeHo*, to* W b'oroed fro* S*eo S*rwtvro*
Cov<N. 4400 M* A***. P.**.** U,
MU h o
-ej bo obtained I'O* e-r OeneroJ SonHM AMsofrft^i re*<W ****.
..
10
lif r^|
`T*
Li*2*673
I t *~i i <i>B<iiMwr'i'fiiTml'fc-n
N
*
o
Surface Preparation of Steel Recommended for Red Lead Paints
(Ovldf X*ftrtiK Summary)
M Yn H*t 9 N Po/nT;
for Tkit Typo o/ I ipoeero/
loArood WWsf (wL
Atmoepbork
$Npt (TopWev 1Merlon. l>* Teppingl. Iridgw 0e< TtAowoeoi,
Oe*fc
Modno. MerpMffO k
tee Wotor
SMpt TcpWee. knea loot Top^'. 04 Storage Te^b
Marino, iMenooteM lonervee im tee Wo*or, OitoiteBy CeMorMeod AtooifKem
$Wp Itftaii, Soar*
leeertiee M $00 WeOf
AW tbo Oryiftf Hoo XotokW lot
11 hr.
4 Hr.
1 Hr.
4 Hr.
Tboo tfeo PororwmoWW
W loW PWmer It;
(tee eefel
AW fbo I
fo/Jow/rtf Severe
Proporofloo la PeeommoWW:
(tee eefe(
of TJtoto Sfept Mof
Alto So AogvJrWt
LU N* tOJ | HoW CWonlng a Ki , UPC4P*
tm I feeer Tool 1 CWonlnf 1 SSPC-SP 3
tlbint Cleaning
to frocWo Ofbor Oeening SSPCSf 1
LlA No. Ml
1 iloel Oeo'vnf
j tttCSM 1~
Mkf j *SPC4P4 i
LIA No. SCO
1 |2o* Coookf SSPC4PS or
AcUr^ SSPC4PI
LLA. No. POO S*Otf CWoOrAf StKtM
UK4f|
GoW>i4 VM Ow Coo*
AtMOepko*K
Weo'Kered or tmtod Anooepbgrk Go*o*UW Sh o L Ono Coo*
'
4 Hr. Hr.
UA No. >04
Selrtef Oeoele^ SSPCSPI oW
HoteWe PieOreotmoN SSPC-PTO
LI A. No. >04
SoJvoM OoOAkf SSKSP1 oW
Wire Srvekkf ttPCSf 1
He* GohonltW Steel, Top Cm* to bo Apptod
Ahooepberk
4 Hr.
LlA No. >04
Solvent Cteonlnf SSPCSPI oW
PbotpbqtQ fre-treofmoot SSPC-PT 2
We4*0'W or Iveted OofvoniiW Stool. Top Coo* to bo A^pfied
AJtOepberic
4 Hr.
LlA No. 004
Solvent CWonkf SSPC-SP1 onA
Wirt brushing SSPCSP 2
fc>OTt> AI 11 A
fe<*vte*t+*i rM We >e*4 * peget *0 N W.
tiPC >ped*cHe*e <* We eW*el4 l>ce Wei V*Mtv<ei
C*e*(H, 4400 fW A*mm, HttsWeegW it, St.
Mil pec!fUe(Wn +wf We eW*->r*< <>< f Ge*e>el Se'vfcee A4*ei*>iret^ *egle W eMWe.
ii
-frL*.
L
u
LIA24674
Ai
PAINTING HIGHWAY STRUCTURAL STEEL
Thii tection oilers highway engineer* *n<j uihcr* *pcafWalH*n for complete \y\tcttn lo be u^cd in painting highway Mruciurjl Meet. The material con tained hcicm o bawd on our wn field test program* and on an e*1en*ivc tudy id current practice of Mate
highway department! and such authoritative tourer* ai the American Association of State Highway Of ficial*. Experience hat thown that the practice* and pamit recommended will produce highly aatiJactory rttultt.
Surface Preparation
THE importance of turface preparation for proper performance of any meUi protective paint can
needed for fast dr)inf (poorer w.-tting) paints and for severe exposure conditions.
not he ovcf'cmphavi/.cd. The method of surface For maximum service with paints containing is ti
preparation selected will depend upoQ many factor*,
theUc vehicles. blasting to white metal is preferred.
the mo<e important being:
However, this is usually economically impractical,
1. Condition of the *urface to he painted,
and commercial sandblasting is most often employed.
2. Type of exposure to which the painted tfiuc-
Where it K impractical to sandblast, power tool or
ture will he subjected,
hand wire brushing is often employes! Uadcr such
3. Practicality \4 using a particular method as
conditionv hiph oil cement primer, are pr.-ferred
limited by environment, and
because of LSeir superior wetting propertie*.
4 T)k tvpc of point wh*ch is to he applied.
A discussion of the recommended surface prep
In general, more careful surface preparation is aration will be found on page S.
Shop Coats or Primers
FORMULA I.I.A. NO. 100 (Sr* rtr SO)
Thii paint is similar lo f ormula L I A. No. 10J with replacement of nine i>1 the raw linseed oil by bodied ml afs.1 j.Uilion.,1 thinner In provide similar sriscssoty. This formulation I'llcrs wetting charac teristics almost as gsvsj a formula L.I_A. No. 101. pros ides better less ling and develops lower gloss, thus ofleiin; an improsed surface for moating.
FORMULA UJL NO. 103 (Sr* Pafr SIf
This paint has eicellent welting and petfoimancc characteristics It is particularly suitable for use where surface preparation is restricted to power tool Of hand wire blushing.
FORMULA LXA. NO. 300
(s** r.pr S3)
ILhcre painting schedules require faster drying than are atlotdcd by the foregoing formulations, paints formulated with alLsd resin are generally used, formula L I A. No. 2U0 is a paint of this type and will not wet the surface as well as Formulas LI A. No ion or loj. Greater care mu.1 be employed ia the preparahon of the surface and sandblasting is desirable.
FORMULA LI.A. MO. 303 (Sr* Frige S3)
A pure red lead paint which offers fast drying characteristics and outstanding performance and tile Formula L.l A. No. 2iX). tee; tires careful surface preparation. Sandblasting is de-Table.
Touch Up
A shop coat may become damaged during trans it or erection of structural steel. The damaged areas at well as field rivets, bolts, welds, etc should be
thoioughly cleaned and touched up to provide a con tinuous primer coat. For touch up purposes, the same paint used for the .hop eo.it should be applied
12
LIA2 4675
fti.im* nhi
o
First Flold Coot
The formulations, L.l.A. Nos. 100, 10.1, 200 and 202 art intended generally for shop roat application or lor uv in priming structures in the held that were erected with unpointed Heel.
There same primen, tinted with lamp black Ir oil for contrail, arc generally ured to: the first f,d J coat when multiple coat systems art specified.
It is often found desirable to ure Formula L.I V No. 200 at a held coat over primers Formulas L.I.A. Nos. 100, 103 and 202. There art three reasons or this.
1. It has a contrasting color, 2. It h i fast-drying paint permitting earlier
finishing, and 3. It Is more economical
If in a multiple coat syst. m, a light finish coat it specified, a white lead base paint it generally used for the first and/or tcc-.ud field coat. Formulas L.I.A. Nos. 140 and '.41 are typical for this ap plication.
The following paints are intended for use as lint field coats uver primer Formulas L.I.A. Nos. 100, 103, 200 and 202 in three coat systems and for the third coat In four coat systems where a light color is desired. They may be used timed.
FORMULA UJL NO. 140 (Sr* fwgr 22>
FORMULA LLA. NO. 141 (Srr Pmg* 22)
o
Top Coat*
Any of the foregoing recommendations for primer or field coats provide excellent foundations for any good top or finish coal.
The following is a typical foliage green top or finish coat of pleasing color and good durability:
FORMULA U.A. NO. 142 (Srr Fafr 22)
The following has a white bare of good durability and can K tinted to the desired color.
FORMULA LLA. NO 140 (Srr Pafr 22)
Where coW is not considered important, black (A.ASHO. Designation Mt>8) oe aluminum (A.ASH.O. Designation MM) top coals may be substituted for the white or tinted paints.
Complete 3 ond 4 coot point tysfems for highway struc tural steel will be found In the table on the following pope.
HP*." r u*m
lIlPtSWffMMi 'UJbW
LIA24676
fci iJiahi
-4Jb
RECOMMENDED PAINT SYSTEMS FOR HIGHWAY STRUCTURAL STEEL
$vrf*.o Propcrati**
THREE-COAT SYSTEM
Bond or Powor Tool
Bond or Powor Tool
ftoitdblotf
I SoodWorf
UOO-- x i im rtiM l*>i m
'
FOUR -COAT SYSTEM
tvr1o< Friporotlon
Ho*d or towar Tool
| Hood or Powor Tool
Soodble*!
Sortdbloflt
hluHT
----- --
--------------------------
UX
UX
UX
No. 101
No. 100 j No. 200*
- -- - ---
.............. -4-- -- - - -
.
UX
----N- o-.-2--0-}-*-----
UX
UX
UX
UX
No. 103
No. 100
No. 200*
No. 200*
(tinted)
(fertod)
(fwrt+d)
or
tMWld CtOf
or or
UX
ux
UX
No. 202*
No. mo *
No. 200`
(tifttod)
Third Coot
ux No. 140
or UX No. Ut
UX No. 140 1 or
UX No. 141
UX
No. 140 I or
UX No. 141
UX No. 140
or
UX No. 141
ftwrt Coat
UX No. 140
or
UX No. 14}
UX
No. 140 or
j UX | No. 14}
UX No. 140
or
! UX No. 14}
UX No. 140
or UX No. 14}
14 r9
r u . a III
1
w
LIA24677
te.
PRIMERS FOR RAILROAD STRUCTURES
AND ROLLING STOCK
This section includes primer painis formulated to meet all commonly encountered surface condition! and environments of the railroad induitry. Tbe recommended formulation! include economical and high-quality primer painu for railroad bridges and
other structures along the right-of-way and also two low-cost formulations designed specifically to meet tbe need for an improved anticorrosive primer for steel rolling stock.
RAILROAD STRUCTURES
For Stool Containing Mill Scale and Residual Rust (Slow Dry)
The following formulations are used successfully on ferrous surfaces containing tightly adherent mill scale and small amounts of rust. This type of sur face is prevalent where preparation is liir-ted to hand or power wire brushing, scraping, dame cleaning or
FORMULA UA. NO. 100 (Sr* Paff 20)
This is a high quality primer available for shop and field priming of sice* where surface preparation is limited to the methods mentioned above.
combinations of these methods. (See Page 5.) Tbe free linseed oil content of these paint vehicles ns* sures the degree of wetting ability needed for good anchorage to a heterogeneous surface.
FORMULA UA. NO. 10} (Sr* Faf* 21)
This is a quality reduced red lead content primer suitable for use on these difficult surfaces.
For Steel Containing Mill Scale and Residual Rust (Accelerated Dry)
The following two hit'll quality primer formula tions are intended for priming, intermediate and maintenance coats on structural steel when work schedules demand accelerated drying. Although these vehicles contain enough free oil to attain rea sonably good wetting of lhe metal surface, their wet-
FORMULA UA. NO. MO (Sr, Faf* 23)
This is a high quality specification primer that l>as received wide acceptance for shop and field prime coats for structural steel.
ting characteristics ate limited by the presence of synthetic resins. For optimum performance they should be applied to surfaces freed of loose mill scale and corrosion products. The steel must be degreased and carefully cleaned, see page 5.
FORMULA UA. NO. 301 (S,, Faf* 23)
This is an csccllcnt and widely used red lead-iron oxide paint with good hiding power and chalk re sistance.
For Steel Completely Free of Mill Scale and Must (Fast Dry)
The following two fast drying formulations ve suggested for application over steel thoroughly free from rust, mill scale and other foreign matter by pickling or sandblasting, see page 5. These tyn-
FORMU1A U.A. NO. 300 (Sr* Fagr 24)
This is a heavy duty, full red lead primer intended for use on sandblasted structures and factory fabri cated equipment such as railroad cars, window sash, signal equipment, etc.
thctic vehicle primers offer outstanding protection la industrial environments where the atmosphere It contaminated with chemical fumes.
FORMULA LI.A. NO. 30} (Sr* Faf* 25)
This is a medium weight red lead paint for use on surfaces which are esposed to rural, induorial and marine atmospheres of high humidity.
15
LIA24678
RAILROAD ROLLING STOCK
Steel can require belter low-cost primers having run inhihnive properties lo protect them against ccxrnsion. The following low-cost primen provide
good protection for steel rolling stock. Each of there primen dry for handling in 4 to 6 houn and dry for recoating in about 18 bourn.
FORMULA LI.A. NO. *01 (Srr r,r 30)
FORMULA LI.A. NO. 903 fSre tmft 30)
PAINTING HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES
This section contains suggested common inhibitiie paint systems for nee! surfaces exposed to moist and chemically contaminated atmospheric environ ments as well as surfaces immersed intermittently or continuously in fresh stater. It describes systems specifically designed for application to dams and adjacent equipment, ships navigating in fresh waters.
water storage lank interiors and heavy industrial equipment.
Soeral complete protective systems arc described, including both anticorrosive and finish coats. Proper surface preparation procedures for each type of sys tem arc also included.
Systems for Atmospheric Exposure
The following painting schedules art suggested for interior and eatcrior ferrous surfaces adjaccn' to the water but exposed to normal atmospheric ex posure. Among structures classified in this category arc bridges, trusses, light standards and railings.
The surface should be free from loose miB scale and rust by sandblasting or wire brushing and scrap ing. Oil and grease should be removed by solvent cleaning. See section. Recommended Surface Prepa ration of Steel, page S.
PAINT FORMULAS* TO M APPUtO For first and second coats, the dry film thickness should be 1 -J mils. For third and fourth coats, the dry film thickness should be 1.0 mils.
1st Coot LI A. No. 100
UA No. 200
2nd Coot
UA No. 100 (tinted)
UA No. 200 (tinted)
3rd C*t
U-A. Ho. 401 (tirriod)
UA No. 401 (tiofod)
Complete formulas will be found as foOowt: L.I.A. No. 100 --Page 20 L.I.A. No. 200 --Page 2J L.I A. No. 401 -- Page 27
16
4th Coot U.A No 401
UA No. 401
***' *-*w**mfin.,
ny,,*
LIA24679
tA-
0
Systems for Partial or Continuous Immersion In Fresh Water
The following putt systems ire especially suitable tor fcrtoui surfaces which are in whole or in part subjected to moisture condensation or immersion in troh water. Antons the structures tor which these systems are suggested are crest gates, sluice gates, tainter pi s and exposed structural steel at pumping
stations. Before paint application, the surface should be
blast cleaned, see pap 7, anj treated with a chemical metal conditioner such as Formula L.I.A. No. 901, sec pap 29, applied to a dry film thickness cd 0.3 to 0.3 mils.
PAINT FORMULAS* TO ( APPUID For thud and lourth coats of L.l.A, No. 301 (tinted), the dry film thickness should be 1.0 mils. For all other coats, the dry film thickness should be 1.3 mib.
1st C*of IU No. 400
UA No. 5001
2nd Coot
UA No. 400 (tinted)
3rd Coot UA No. 400
UA No. 500 (tinted)
UA No. SOI (tinted*
Complete formulas will he found as follows: L I A. No. 400 -- Pap 27 L.l.A. No. 401 -- Pap 27 L.IA. No. 500 --Pap 2* L.I.A. No. 501 -- Pap 28
t This must be preceded by metal conditioning wash coat primer such as L.IA. No 901, see page 29.
4Hi Coot
L.IA No. 400 (tinted) or
UA No. 401
UA No. 501
17
LIA24680
------ ............................................................................................ --....................................... -
- -------------- ------------------------------------ a-, - .
. ,,.
PRIMER FOR INDUSTRIAL AND MARINE ENVIRONMENTS
The following fail drying formulation is recommended to industrial uura at a primer for paint systems to protect Heel turfacct expoted in chemi-
cally containinale I atmospheres and marine enviroomend toch at no.'wge tanks, chip superstructures, bridges and dock installation!.
Surface Preparation
As with other fast drying pnmers, application on
steel free of rust, grease and oti-''
matter
is essentia! for best performance. See page S.
This primer has been thoroughly test evaluated with ctcellent results and has been adopted as a standard primer by major industrial companies.
FORMULA LLA. NO. MS (S~ Page 26)
PRIMER FOR SEAWATER IMMERSION
fOIMULA LUL NO. *00 (Sr+ Page 29)
The anticorrosive primer recommended here. L.I A. No. 9<>0. was developed after a thortxigh screening by the I rad Pigments Technical Comm-ttee and full scale "service tests" conducted by the U. S. Navy. These tests, carried cut on the hulls of three U. S. destroyers, were completed early in 1959. On the basis of these lest results, red leadcoumaronc primer (L.I.A. No. 900) appears to base performed comparably to the more eapensne * UN (MIL-P-IV453) coating which is the Nxsy standard foe ship bottom service for antifouling systems other than vinyt
On one of the three ship bottoms, it was found that this red lead primer alTords protection that is equal or very slightly better than Navy standard an ticorrosive #I4N. In a second case, this red lead prmer was judged to be slightly inferior (ascrage merit score of 98.3 vs. 95 5). In the third case, there was no significant ditlerence discernible in performance between thi; red lead primer and # 14N.
A variety of annfouling coatings are in current use for ship bottoms and similar service. Cold plastic coating No. 105 (MIL-F-I945I) and hot plastic No. 15 IIPN (Mil.-P-19452) were used in Navy tests. Others Include Maritime Commission coal tarrosin antifouling coating S2-MC-403 and Bureau of Ships Formula n'o. 121, a vinyl anlilouling coat ing (MI1.-P-15931), Less is known about the com patibility of the system, L.I.A. No. 900/Bu Shiot 121, and should not be used without prior tests.
Fundamentally, the coating system described here consists of a red lead anticorrosive primer and a finish coating of either hot or cold plastic. Foe best performance of the coating, surfaces mutt be thor oughly cleaned and dry at the time of application!.
While a metal conditioning coating prior to pruning is not mandatory, the performance of the coating aysttrn is improved when the bare metal ii so treated. Sinslblasting to the bare nx-tal before painting is recommended.
The Formula No. 117 pretreatment (Military Specification MIL-C-1J328, available upon request to the Commanding Officer, Naval Aviation Supply Depot, 5801 Tabor Avenue, Philadelphia, Pi, at tention Code CDS) was applied in a thickness of 0.3 to 0.5 mils in the tests on throe Id. S. destroyer hulls. As the name implies, the surface prcpaistory coating is intended to condition the metal surface and insure a firm bsmd between it and subsc yuent coats of paint.
Where no metal conditioner is used, the red lead primer is applied directly over the cleaned, dry metal surface. In either case, two or three com of the primer should be applied to reach a minimum dry film thickness of 3 mils. Records in the Bureau of Ships indicate the primcri were "applied in three coats." Normal application is by spray rather than brush. In applying the primer, a minimum drying period of six hours should be allowed between coats and six hours before the antifouling paint
O
It
I
T
LIA2 4 68 1
J&as*
lii
PRIMER FOR RUSTED, WEATHERED OR NEW GALVANIZED STEEL
After a full tix yean of ciiensive held invevtigalions, tbc performance of the folio* mg red lead-
zinc dust-!ron oaide primer for galvanized Hed proved out taoduf.
lOtMUtA ULA. NO. 304 f.W Pmtt Sh)
Thu primer is ideally auited for maintenance paint ing of galvanized surfaces particularly where the coodiltoa of the surface area to be paroled may vary from nmy to weathered to new. It now male* poo lible the ute of a tingle primer that will effectively protect galvanized aurfacet against further dctcrxxiIKIO regardless of tbcir coodiUM. Formula LI A.
No. 304 i, effective aa a primer in ooe or more coats cither eipoted to the weather or covered with a suit' able 6nidi coat. No matter what the surface--rusted, weathered or treated new--this primer surpasses in performance the lead-free primers generally rec ommended for gal vantend surfaces.
Surface Preparation
To imure pood adbcaioo tad to obtain ibe most satisfactory protection with primer L.J.A. No 304 oa runed galvaruxed surface*, the corroded Areas should be wire brushed to remove rust teak followed by washing with clean mi'vra! spirits On new galvanized steel, the suffice should be allowed to weather for 3 to 6 months, or if time dev* not per mit, the surface should be chemical!) prcirtaicd.
A nuniber of commonly used pretreatment proce dures fuse been tested. However, phosphate type treatments arc recommended as they effectively etch the unc surface anJ great!) improve the adhcuoa of the paint film Piopnctan proJocts of this t)pc are jrneraUy asaiUMc. Treatments with copper sulphate, acetic acid, or hydrochloric acid are in ertcctis-e.
19
LIA24682
v y f""*7 n i'w w w w i . t m w 'Wwi n w
L.I.A. RECOMMENDED PAINT FORMULATIONS
Ahfcowffr ffco FwmylofUog <o*foiool 1* rfcb Tfr*kt
Iwn Woo --obH*froI fry Nf
Usi N^h ****
ConnfM rfrrovffr p k o HI ovolvorioo, no fworoon# of m*N It
*f I*wp4l*4, U**n o#o vff*^ r aka
oinMlOf tvalMi^M iMr
d<k
NOMINT.
VfHtCUfe
rCftMUiA LXA. NO. 100*
N CxO
IW Im< <7V OmW AlwwW SMTlf
ft ft Ml 0 *4.4
100 0
Id tiiwd 04
HU tM ao4*4
oi
'Z J v*cevry. low oc*4)
Woftt* Tkiiuwr o *4 OHo v
22xo 15 0100 UOm.
fry >><
VAk W fry
wi/GoL n
CITING TU1: 5*4 to Tndl On Ur family
1000
rr% M ir% o m. 24 %. oo. M 4 Ur o m. 04 Ur mo .
n.n 1940 4
7.4
3710 13.1 1F32 74001
cww. <
nm-i. inx t *< aj l v m o
mt j . trr, .
g"--J 7417 OH
3J7J
10 22
7t 14 1X00
NOMINT:
FORMULA LU. HO. 101
r-- <w
M U4 'WN Oo4*J
SJrCMVt *OA Cl4
IJs f*A
JU-jniAM Siio>l
750
345 01
vtmoi:
1000
tow UmN OI FeU Hn < M>4 Umo>4 04
Z 2 ftKMirr. l w4)
Fufoltvf Spr* %*d Orion
oai no 440
toot
r.9~*M ir t*u 40%
V^.k U ky **. 13%
w i/q m.
IK k.
FV 31
DITtNO TIMfc For Ho*40t For ftocoodof
ofroo* 24 frown ofrowr 04 frown
fioo 7f70
40
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L.I.A. PAINT NUMBERING SYSTEM REVISED
Q With tho Ittvorxe of thit Technical lottor, tho lood lndo*triot Atoociution hot odopttd a now pormononf point numbering
tyitom thot will Indicate immediately tho typo of eehlcle vtod In fho point (onwglotion ot followti
fypo of Vehicle
fotmvfofion Numhorl
Oil Oil-totln fortified Atkyd
ftionotk Vinyl
MilCOtlonOOWO
UX No, 100 to W UA No. TOO to TOO
UX No. 300 to 399 UA No. A00 to 099
UA No. 300 to 599 UA No. 900 to 999
A correlation botwoon tho now end old number* of thoto UA polntt rocontmondod for voriout wool by the Uod figment* Tochnicof Committee will bo found on tho following chorti
CORRELATION BETWEEN NEW AND OLD L.I.A. PAINT NUMBERING SYSTEMS
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