Document LgLRXRzL5jVEybnmv5oM72EOX

454 CHAPTER 18 1956 Guide Table 2. Average Monthly and Yearly Degree-Days for Cities in the United States and Canada*' bi 0 (Concluded) State or Prov ince Station Yea as No. or Sea sons > e < & w CO e o o 2 oW P as *-<9 aa ft PS < S aps. < < s a j <H g s i* . Texas.. Palestine...___ C Port Arthur......... A Port Arthur......... C Sah Antonio___.A Taylor.................... 01/02-40/41 Utah.. Modena.................... 00/01-45/46 Salt Lake City. .A Salt Lake City. .C vt........ Burlington...........A Northfield............... 98/99-42/43 Va........ Cape Henry.........C Lynchburg........... A Norfolk................. A Norfolk........... . .C Richmond..:--A Richmond.............C Wytheville... 1.... 02/03-40/41 Wash.. North Head L.H. Reservation........ Seattle................... C Seattle-Tacoma .A Spokane-- Tacoma................. C Tatoosh Island. .C Walla Walla..........C Yakima................. A W. Va.. Elkins.....................A Parkersburg.___ C Wis... . . Green Bay......A La Crosse............:A Madison."............. .A Madison.................C Milwaukee. ___ A Milwaukee...........;C Wausau..................... 15/16-40/41 Wyo... Cheyenne.............A Lander................... A Yellowstone Park. 04/05-40/41 40 46 45 39 26 37 0 0 0 45 260 440 531 368 265 71 0 0 1980 0 0 0 20 218 349 406 274 211 39 0 0 1517 0 0 0 8 170 315 381 258 181 27 0 0 1340 0 0 0 25 201 374 462 293 190 34 0 0 1579 0 0 2 56 234 462 494 375 214 64 8 0 1909 6 11 156 499 832 1142 1190 944 816 567 338 97 6598 0 0 88 381 .771 1039 1194 885 741 453 233 81 5866 0 0 61 330 714 995 1119 857 701 414 208 64 5463 19 47 172 521 858 1308 1460 1313 1107 681 307 72 7865 62 112 283 602 947 1389 1524 1384 1176 754 405 166 8804 0 0 0 120 366 648 698 636 512 267 60 0 3307 0 0 49 236 531 809 846 722 584 289 82 5 4153 0 0 9 152 408 688 729 644 500 265 59 0 3454 0 0 5 118 354 636 679 602 464 220 41 0 3119 0 0 33 210 498 791 828 708 550 271 66 0 3955 0 0 31 181 456 750 787 675 529 254 57 0 3720 7 13 82 352 662 916 945 836 677 410 168 35 5103 239 205 234 341 486 636 704 585 *598 492 406 285 5211 49 45 134 329 540 679 753 602 558 396 246 107 4438 75 70 192 412 633 781 862 675 636 477 307 155 5275 17 28 205 508 879 1113 1243 988 834 561 330 146 6852 66 295 62 288 177 315 375 406 579 528 719 648 797 713 636 610 595 629 435 525 282 437 143 330 4866 6724 0 0 93 308 675 890 1023 748 564 338 171 38 4848 0 7 150 446 807 1066 1181 862 660 408 205 53 5845 9 0 32 11 13 31 122 412 726 995 1017 910 797 477 224 0 56 272 600 896 949 826 672 347 119 53 5773 13 4750 58 20 183 152 515 447 945 1392 1516 1336 1132 921 1380 1528 1280 1035 696 552 347 250 107 74 8259 7650 31 150 459 891 1302 1423 1207 1008 579 272 82 7417 10 20 30 137 419 864 1287 1417 1207 1011 573 266 79 7300 32 134 428 831 1218 1336 1142 983 621 351 109 7205 11 26 33 7 24 112 397 705 1184 1302 1117 961 606 335 100 6944 58 39 23 216 241 244 568 982 1427 1594 1381 1147 577 897 1125 1225 1044 1029 632 1050 1383 1494 1179 1045 680 717 687 315 462 396 100 173 163 8494 7562 8303 125 173 424 759 1079 1386 1464 1252 1165 841 603 334 9605 Alta... B.C...Man... N.B... Nfld... Calgary..................... Edmonton............. Lethbridge.............. Medicine Hat......... Prince George........ Prince Rupert.;... Vancouver............... Victoria.................... Brandon................... Churchill................. Winnipeg................. Fredericton............ Moncton.................. Saint John.............. Corner Brook......... Goose Bay.............. St. John's................ NWT.. Aklavik.................... Fort Norman........ N.S.... Hiilifftt...................... Sydney.................... Yarmouth............... Ont-- Fort William.'-- Hamilton................. Kapuskasing.......... Kingston.................. London..................... Ottawa...................... Toronto........ ........... P.E.I . Charlottetown.... Que... Arvida. .................. Montreal.................. Quebec City.......... Sherbrooke.............. Sasks . Prince Albert........ Regina...................... Saskatoon................ Swift Current........ Y.T... Dawson.................. 1921-50 1921-50 1921-50 1921-50 1921-50 1921-50 1921-45 1921-50 1921-50 1926-50 1921-50 1921-50 1939-50 1921-50 1933-50 1937-50 1941-51 1926-50 1921-50 1921-50 1921-50 1921-50 1921-50 1921-50 1921-50 1921-50 1921-50 1921-50 1931-50 1921-50 1921-50 1921-50 1921-50 1921-50 1921-50 1921-50 1921-50 30 30 30 30 30 30 25 30 30 25 30 30 12 30 18 14 10 19 25 25 30 30 30 30 21 30 30 30 30 30 30 20 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 110 90 170 180 410 440 710 1110 1430 1530 1350 1200 750 1220 1660 1780 1520 1290 770 760 460 410 60 100 350 620 1030 1330 1450 1290 1120 690 400 20 50 300 600 1070 1440 1590 1380 1130 620 320 180 220 440 730 1100 1450 1560 1290 1070 730 470 270 240 340 510 680 860 910 810 790 650 500 60 60 200 410 620 790 850 710 650 460 290 160 150 230 410 600 730 800 660 620 470 350 60 100 350 730 1290 1810 2010 1730 1440 820 420 310 370 650 UlO 1750 2300 2520 2270 2150 1590 1100 40 70 300 690 1250 1770 2000 1710 1440 810 400 50 70 250 600 940 1410 1570 1410 1180 780 420 40 80 240 580 890 1340 1510 1340 1180 830 460 110 110 250 530 830 1250 1400 1270 noo 780 500 90 140 320 640 890 1230 1410 1360 1240 900 640 130 160 320 660 920 1230 1430 1320 1270 970 650 130 220 440 840 1220 1740 2020 1710 1530 1110 770 170 280 160 460 320 580 820 1100 1270 1230 1160 910 680 800 1400 2040 2500 2580 2310 2280 1690 1050 170 350 700 1220 1940 2460 2550 2190 2040 1390 73Q 50 60 70 80 180 220 470 510 740 1120 1260 1180 1050 780 1130 1310 1280 1160 760 850 480 570 no 120 230 480 720 1040 1180 noo 1010 756 510 60 10 120 10 350 120 690 1140 1590 1780 1550 1360 430 760 1130 1270 1160 1000 890 620 550 320 110 170 410 780 1270 1780 2060 1770 1570 1030 600 30 20 30 40 40 60 160 500 150 490 210 590 820 1250 1420 1290 1110 840 1200 1320 1210 1040 960 1480 1640 1480 1230 710 650 730 380 330 340 20 30 140 460 770 1130 1260 1160 1020 640 320 40 60 200 610 820 1230 1430 1340 1180 840 510 60 no 330 690 1100 1670 1880 1660 1410 880 480 10 20 20 70 70 60 50 170 40 70 70 140 no no 90 320 180 530 890 1370 1540 1370 1150 700 250 610 990 1470 1640 1460 1260 810 240 590 920 1400 1560 1410 1190 750 410 780 1350 1870 2060 1750 1500 850 370 750 1290 1740 1940 1680 1420 790 3S0 760 1320 1790 1990 1710 1440 800 340 680 1170 1550 1710 1490 1260 730 660 1170 1890 2410 2510 2160 1830 1100 300 400 370 440 420 420 400 570 270 9620 220 10320 210 8650 130 8650 260 9500 350 6910 130 5230 230 5410 170 10930 690 16810 150 10630 150 8830 210 8700 250 83S0 350 9210 380 9440 410 12140 380 8780 480 17870 280 16020 210 7570 270 8220 270 7520 240 10350 60 6890 240 11790 100 7810 90 7380 80 8830 70 7020 220 8380 170 10440 50 8130 100 9070 90 8610 210 11430 190 10770 180 10960 190 9660 250 15040 Estimating Fuel Consumption for Space Heating 455 being prepared and must be found by surveying plans, by observation, or by measurement of the building. Values of U for use in this equation are the unit fuel consumptions per degree-day, obtained as a result of the collection of operating information and listed in Tables 4, 5 and 6. Atten tion is directed to the nature of these units in the next following sections. Unit Fuel Consumptions per Degree-Day The quantity of fuel used per degree-day in a given heating plant can be reduced to a unit basis in terms of quantity of fuel or steam per degree-day per thousand Btu hourly heat loss at design conditions. A less frequently used basis is quantity of fuel per (degree-day) (square foot of floor area). In fact any convenient unit can be used to relate the consumption to the degree-day and to the building. The choice of these units requires explanation, and some discrimination and judgment. If the volume basis is used, the net heated space is prefer able to the gross building cubage, since gross cubage includes outer walls and certain portions of attic and basement space which are usually un heated. In the absence of data on net heated volume, a figure of 80 per- Table 3. Correction Factors for Outside Design Temperatures* -ibOutside Design Temp F............................................ -20 0 +10 20 Correction Factor............................ 0.778 0.875 1.000 1.167 1.400 a * The multipliers in Table 3, which are high for mild climates and low for cold regions, are not in error as might appear. The unit figures in Tables 4, 5, and 6 are per square foot of radiator or thousand Btu heat loss per degree-day. For equivalent buildings and heating seasons, those in warm climates have lower de sign neat losses and smaller radiator quantities than those in cold cities. Consequently, the unit figure in quantity of fuel per (square foot of radiator) (degree-day), is larger for warm localities than for colder regions. Since the northern cities have more radiator surface per given building and a higher seasonal degree-day total than cities in the south, the total fuel per season will be larger for the northern city. cent of the gross volume may be used to obtain the estimated net heated volume. The volume basis has been rather widely used primarily because it is simple to apply. In industrial buildings it is usually easier to ob tain the correct volume of a given building than to measure and evaluate the heating capacity of its heating system, or calculate its maximum hourly Btu loss. The comparison of buildings on a straight volume basis does not allow for variation in exposure, type of construction, ratio of exposed area to cubical contents, and type of occupancy. It is inaccurate for esti mating purposes unless the buildings are of very similar nature. The calculated heat loss or the heating capacity of the installed radiation may be used as the unit. The use of the heating capacity of the installed radiation is of questionable value when referring to heat transfer surfaces used in warm air furnace or central air conditioning systems. Where steam or hot water radiation is already installed, care should be exercised in using the installed radiation as the basis for estimating, since actual installed radiation may differ considerably from the exact radiation requirements. In view of all these considerations, it is believed that the unit based on thousands of Btu of hourly calculated heat loss for the design hour is probably the most desirable. Estimating Gas Consumption Values of the Unit Fuel Consumption Constant ([/) for gas are given in Table 4 for various gas heating values, and different types and sizes of