Document B5ovrN3B09pq3Z1ddy1w7BYQw

- 3 y 1 d W \ HEVTARK PLAHT PIffHSET COLOR RESEARCH REPORTS OCTOBER- 1935 N36974 PIGMENT COLOR RESEARCH REPORTS OCTOBER - 1935 I - CHROME GREENS Chrome Green G-389-B (ADR) ........................................... Page 1-3 II - CHROME! YELLOWS & ORANGES Improvements in Light Chrome Yellows (SCH) Excelsior Yellow K-8021 (JIM) .................................. Study of Y0-38-B (SCH, HGM) ........................................ Study of Molybdate Chrome Orange (SCH) ........... Ufolybdated Orange K-8003 (JDM) ................................ 4-5 6 7-9 10-11 12 III - IRON BLUES Chinese Blue B-63-I>, Moisture Content and Drying Studies (JK) ............................................... B-140-B (HCM, SCH) ............................................................... Toning Blue B-152-]> (JK) ................................................ 13-16 17-18 19 IV - LA.CQ.UER MAROONS Maroon Toners, RT-219-D and RT-297-B (AAB) .. 20-21 V - PIGMENT GREEN B Pigment Green B Lakes (AAB) ............................... Pigment Green B Lake for Paper, GL-407D(EJH) * Pulp GT-68-P (EJH) ...................... 22-24 25-27 28-29 VI - PIGMENT-OIL MIXTURES Pigment-Oil Mixtures (HBB. SCH) ............................. Flushed Colors (AJS) ......................................................... 30-38 39-42 VII - RUBBER COLORS Rubber Colors (AJS) ............................................................. Red Lake for Rubber, RL-407-B (ADR) ................... 43-44 45 VIII - MISC. ORGANIC PIGMENTS a) Para Red - Blue Shade (JVS) ................................ b) Lithols Calcium Lithol (AAB, FLP) ........................... Toner RT-379-P (BJH) _____ Barium Lithol Toner RT-364-D (EJH) .. c) Buols Light Calcium Duol Toner RT-265-B(EJH) Dark Calcium Duol Toner RT-284-D n d) Hansa Yellow YP-324-D (EJH) ................................ e) Lithosol Bordeaux BL, Manganese Toner K-7407 f) Bordo Maroons (AAB & JWL) Maroon Toner RT-354-D (ABR) ....................... * * (EJH) ...................... g) BT-122-D (EJH) ........................................................................ h) Mise. Lakes Mise. Lakes & Toners (AS) ................................ Barium Salt of Orange II (AAB, ELP) .. Non-Livering Cerulean BlueLake BL-151B i) BE-149-D (EJH) ..................................................................... 46-49 50-52 53-54 55-56 57-58 59-60 61-62 63-64 65-67 68-70 71-73 74-77 78 79-80 81-82 DUP050316358 s. IX - SAW MATERIAL TESTING (AFGP) ....................................................... X - SSMI-WORKS PRODUCTION (HA) ........................................................... 8$ 84-91 DU P050316359 gp 3r7 3^ / mamm c o l o r r e s e a r c h b b e o m*-- CHROME GREEN. O*389-D Submitted by; Approved by; ^ c&. '* File; 'Qfagwae^gleeas Date; October 1935* ssmtopu CTI OH Work on the G-589--D line was resumed, in the semi-works in an attempt to obtain an increase in strength. Competitive greens of this type are somewhat superior in this respect although the exact difference depends on the degree of extension. The variations made were some of the modifications tried during the last Semi-works study. In addition to the increase in strength, some attention is being given to flooding on the greens and to an apparent changeability in masstone which has appeared particularly in recent plant production* SUMMARY UTO CONCLUSIONS Ho satisfactory modification for obtaining greater strength has been found yet and the study is being continued along new lines. Omitting copper hydroxide added nothing to strength in two batches in which it was tried although on previous occasions the change appeared to be helpful. An increase in amount of bichromate used increased yellowness of tint rather than strength. A more olive and a slightly changeable masstone resulted. Replacement of the alum with hydrochloric acid sufficient to give the same pH reading on the treated yellow resulted in somewhat greater strength but also gave a more olive changeable masstone and poorer light stability. It was observed that the treatment with acid redissolves some lead (lead carbonate) and it is suspected that some gain in strength may be made, by elimination of the lead carbonate* A formula based on this idea is being tried. A 50$ reduction in amount of alum and copper hydroxide used in yellow treatment of the regular formula plus a 10$ reduction in tin crystals and sodium sulphide had no beneficial effect on strength. On one batch, the blue was added to the lead base and the yellow struck on this mixture. The product obtained was more olive than control but still as bright as standard. Flooding as judged by rubout may be slightly less* Changeability appeared on the Semi-works batches in which a high bichromate ratio was used but not on control runs, except in one abnormal batch which was pressed out as yellow. Some improvement DUP050316360 In tais difficulty Is being obtained la the plant, but final results are not yet available* *j - h I' DUP050316361 +id 4txeiar-H-sti ft 4* >4 03 Pffl +> += as fit 0) a3 r2H . at 4 <n d rd rd do id XI Sas* to * rd *rl Eh a ps to >O 4 rH d rd 3 >> rH * o d 3 o d3 rH a rd* <ff3i rd rd >> O 41 a at rdd dro 43 w rd t> o CO to i c$ d o u + a *> <0 to St +3 4S3< * 4 ai o > t> > J p tj O * tSo XmI *4 fPfl 43 W 43 00 0 dd +Id3 to , + CQ a <0 rd r-i d cd 1--f {0 as rd rd J5 03 to fdt at a a) K2 (3 c*J d3 <g PJ o> (D d 0 o> rH rd rd HH O fit O X O d rd 3 > rd * O d3 rd O hP + n a> d a 03 *c* a> d t au rd O> i r0 dj rd fit Q Si tot +fL| 43 p + fit 4 fit - ">*} W i ft ft rd330Pp 3 a> p (3 Hjo x> tn + 3d <8 a> htoha +h r-J.O fit to CO x4l faaits><3 w M) HO h d a iod jHa * > a 0*.0p P p ft &QdD d d (5 r-i S3 raja o &oe Si +jtdO d id rd i-l fit a id is IS 5 id S> 3 ! 0 Pt la X* *o -t 4G"3% H 1 id Si a Pi * at _ Pi d 0 as O On * V) Id V* - on # 43 a 0 o as P 0 4! S* r<dd arl ddPX3i 8 p p 0 43 < 6 & id ts a * ffl a as 03 * q d rd <o iQ O 01 KB S 1 Pd aa P*3 lO S3 O CO PP * la S3 O <H Is Ort 4 is Ol3 Nm"d dffl 2 CaTs> i+d3 to ti t* d ft p 43 43 fit d0 j0 0 5h 3 a^. 43 d jO o eto* a- T# a 4 s rrt A> a a ttoo o IS + ci HI 53 < + A* o Ao St <d<d 3OA5*S2 1- A!~) ft xi a Mo 1 63 o as & to 18 IS IS .. ..f.. '. . ^--igi!lii!i .J^7!:SVIsr` VW'i: iwpfr- m DUP050316362 &;<(.. ii~> mumps DU P050316363  2;. 4' & '? /' "v-: / ' ... -V- '4V ; - ", SWi8y &W allowing the untreated ; $*91 low to ! stand 0wfnf^ti^;j6lso study striking at .110 y using the"'as <: tba h&li&e. . . . * ' .* " . untreated sluafry to stand oyernight before eoa- pleting the sulfate-carbonate treatment gave a clean, and trace strong er product * ' #6rlfeing at ll0oy resulted in a dirty masstone weak and red tint, slightly worse in lightfastness than Y-180-B. 481-18. ' Study increase of titanyl sulfate in the 481-15 for- ' Y-309-B). I:hdrease in the. titanyl sulfate gave a redder and stronger pig ment with'il^ro'^Ciaent in lightfastness. 4$l-lrt. Continue 17 series - cut the chromate 'in order to ob tain a greener. Y-309-B type yellow; also study adding sulfate to first .wash water of the Y.-1S0'*B type. gutting the chromate in Y-S09-B type resulted in a trace lighter masstone without affecting the strength. The addition of sodium sulfate to the first tackmter of the Y-180-B type yellow gave a slightly cleaner color, but this was accom panied by a very slight decrease in strength. 481-20, Study variation in development temperature; est&daion of the sulfate treatment on Y-180-B type yellow. Increasing the temperature after the soda ash gave a trace redder and weaker product. Omitting the sulfate treatment resulted in a much dirtier pigment. 481-21. Study use of titanyl sulfate in a primrose yellow; study increasing the amount of titanyl sulfate used; also add the bi carbonate before the sulfate. ITone of these variations indicated titanyl sulfate could be used to obtain satisfactory primrose pigments. 481-22. Study decreasing the amount of titanyl sulfate; study using a combination of titanyl sulfate and sodiumsulfate. Ho promising lead for making a jrimrose yellow, using titanyl sulfate for alum, was obtained from studying the above-mentioned variations. C, the cleanest of the series was poor in 1ightfastness. 481-25. Study use of titanyl sulfate in Y-202-B and Y-318-B procedure. Ho satisfactory substitution of titanyl sulfate for alum was obtained in the Y-203-B and Y-318-B procedures. DUP050316364 S tT'r : <|-4XiftLJSI_QR iiihmltte* by Approved byt *#$/ Mims Dates October ' ** '' 'y?JlP*$r - :. -*' 3^pw bil $i< ::.^SiHLi: A laboratory formula for an Excelsior Yellow improved ink properties over E*?903 has recently been develi- ^ ItiJClgiTwt' ' JMMifcte.aii Uworks has tried the new formulation with satisfactory It has been found that me substitution of sulfate for alum in the treatment of an excelsior pillow p marked improvement In the ink properties of the color# espi as evidence* in-the resistance to lithographic breakdown an* three batches were made in the oemi-worka mol scale* The first two were run as a check on the laboratory formulation. One of them waa w.a* re* i* clean in mas stone wit slightly re* and strong drawdown* and strong 1tint against T~309* standard* Light stability was superior* me other cheek batch very similar being a trace closer to standard, fee third batch a cheek also except for the addition of sodium sulfate at flood volume for increase in yield* fhere was an appreciable increase In tel* the color* however, being a little emm and dirty against *D standard* Bak mill tests have been made on the first two bat##!*-'-^-v' against Y-309-D standard, a batch of TMP9Q3-D and the laboratory standard *4ttl* Ihe semi-works material was comparable to the laboratory sample and definitely superlm to the other samples in the test* S&r was no lithographic breakdown or bleed in the ease of the new yellows and liveriag was very vary sli#it* It is planned to try this formula in the plant as soon as the titanyl sulfate, now on order, is available* '/if iT * jI DUP050316365 SUBMITTH) BY; 1PPS0TO BY: amtcOTOTicai ,,-j A study of the Y0-38-B process! b*fe,>eu- eOatimied from the .n-53g past month. Two plant trials ware mM&.'Mt m ip. laboratory prooeaft- : without obtaining the desired in^profei^it. further laboratory wt3k- appears necessary. ' -A Eh study of Y0-38-D duri;:the lMt#i mtath consisted mostly : J: of a study of miscellaneous varMi#&k -Meters such as agitation, strike temperature, use of acetic alkali in. the strike --n:" " tion ete. were studied. Although Qfqfawtima in brightness war tainsd, it is difficult to draw $mw'definite oonelusions. A st in the plant using the best laboratory- process gave dark, dull ial. MT&MRimmAJL PITAXIS $B&, 486-22. Study time of development? time of strike? inor of acid in base. Bone of these variations gave asKy improvement. 486-23. Study variation in. base temperature; more alkalis strike?" 'lamination of stirring peasielt of the base. Increasing the bicarbonate gat* depth, but has no marked in fluence on the brightness, The use of sodium hydroxide tends to pro duce a lighter mass tone; gave strong and yellow undertone. Elimina ting the period of stirring had a appreciable effect. Th# entire series was very dull and dS&rtgf. 486-24. ^teck series-83 ; replace series (#486-23) that, wm contdl minated with acid fumes, ^ Results were similar to those obtained in series- 4'88-Sar*`''ey- dently the series was not affeoted by the acid fumes,. v,, 486-85. Continue the study of using sodium hydroxide in the bichrornate;study striking at 00#. The use of caustic soda with the biohrornate did mot give any marked improvement. Striking at 200 F instead of ISC9'# resulted in a v.s. lighter masstone; but had no noticeable influence on the brightness of the pigment 486-26. Continuation of 24S (caustic sods* in biehroraate)? study variations of temperature of base; use of sodium sulfate in base. *BW made by a process in which the base is stirred at SOO0!* gave the brightest product of the series. Bo marked improvement was obtained by the use of sodium sulfate in the ba&e? however, this ""1^1 be checked. I DUP050316366 a. >-37. Continue the study of using sodium sulfate i base; also study alow addition of the bicarbonate to the lea Ho improvement was obtained from the use of sodium sulfs the base, Adding the bicarbonate in 30 minutes and mittingg of stirring resulted in a slight improvement in bright,' 486-38. Continuation of 486-280 (acetic acid in blchro1 study lower bichromate with and without sulfate ia base. Lowering the bichromate (with and without sodium sulfatebase) had no marked effect o.n the products obtained. 486-g. Check the use of high and low bichromate; also using sodium hydroxide with the bichromate when a lower amount' ' .4...... chromate is used. fff^Jf***, In this experiment, , made with sodium hydroxide and low * *' chromate ms the brightest of the series. '? strike maf '"2_p_0_0:';`B Study an increase and SIS0!*. acetic acid in the. lead li<fu#p|||,l \ t * - J ft In this experiment using acetic acid both in the lead liia#m#;iT.)t and bichromate gave a v.s. improvement in brightness. Striking at:?ppts- gave a somewhat brighter pigment than striking at 2O0JF, 486-31. Study effect-of various of development a givem.' > A strike in 30 minutes; heat to boil, boil until converted. ' B strike in 10 minutes; heat to boil, boil 30 minutes. C strike at boil, boil 3 minutes v. a D* * S * Results; B was v*s. lighter than A, and als0 v.s. duller. Striking at a boil, resulted in a lighter product. B, developed for 30 minutes was brighter than S. 486-32?. Study effect of omitting the noetic acid in the bi chromate solution. plan A like 318 but strike at &<3:j boil S minutes B * A, but boil 3 minutes 0 * B, but omit acetic acid in bichromate. B 3IB but dn&teaset the.'dii earbo nate. Results; C was the brightest product of the series, and was closer to Y0-38-D than 313. Increasing the bicarbonate on the S1D` type resulted in a light masston accompanied by .flatness, f,hf 50 minute development gave a v.v.s. brighter product than developing for only five minutes. : 486-33. Study further the 31B. ! Tory poor checks were obtained. Two made with the extra acetic acid in the lead liquor were redder, weaker and brighter than the two, using the normal amount of acetic in the lead XiggAOV. 486-34. Study adding about 25^ of the bichromate to the lead before adding the bicarbonate; this gave a very light otone and yellow undertone. Study fast and slow agitationl Rapid agitation gave a darker and weaker orange vs. very slew agitation. DUP050316367 465-55. Check results of slow vs. 2 iM agitation; also study striking at 210]?. In this ex^rjoaent slow agitation gave a darker product than ... rapid agitation/- Striking at 210? gave a bright product, however, werS bright vs. YO-38-I) standard. >*' liffr*/ 1* '-jiij' ' i >4*~ <** - mr - #1 DUP050316368 44W*'** **'9 8DOCEXTBD BY:. J.C. APPEOYEB BY: ................. 3 DATE i OCTOBER IMS* jammsm.,, A project has been dram. up for the study of mlxi crystals of lead molybdate, lead chromete, and lead sulphate with object of obtaining a product equal to 0*58023, the Imperial Bern Orange The work to date has oonsisted chiefly of a few orientation strikes* J, ^ smBHaaBL, Before attempting to determine optimum conditions f*a? . the preparation of molybdate oranges* which are mixed crystals (tetn*-' a geaal}-' of lead sulphate, lead chromate* and lead molybdate. It was thought desirable to cheek some of the information obtained from I##.*,!* f"' on the preparation of these produets. It was found that temperature of ! ' strike, volume, time of strike, and treatment after the strike, while L they influence the tinctorial properties are not the factors deteralnii.,.! the formation of mixed crystals. The amount of acid in the strike J solution an the acid balance seem the most important t&otbrEdetermining;. mixed crystal formation. The product once formed seems #S$|t more than the rhombic chrome yellows since it appears t be feasible to hi^h precipitant balance and a high proportion of chromat# in the strike""', solution without obtaining a large change in tinctorial properties. On the other hand changes in temperature, volume of strike, etc. seem t Influence the shade, brilliance, and strength to a greater extent than in the case of the rhombic and mono clinic yellows# Motebook #458. Study variations based on 1*0.1# A formula in order to Site in a lead for matching O3808S* i A very poor cheek of the r*C*I*A~3& pigment was obtained* Decreasing the bichromate gave a product slightly lighter than o-StTlS, the IC*X X~S8 Orange* Increasing the strike temperature favors a lighter mass tone and yellower undertone* of strike, and us _ Study variation in strike wol sodium chloride# temperature Reducing the volume to two liters resulted, in a some* what duller product versus those obtained from using a volume of ipff litres# It was found that the use of salt in the strike solution "tends to favor dirtiness and dullness of masstone* striking at ?0F instead of 4*? prod-u- ced- a lig- h- t- er and--f-la-t-ter pigment* | 4 strike, a slight Study striking from a carbonate base, acid e in volume* DUP050316369 I Kft^ ji In this experiment a bright produot was'obt striking an acid solution into a carbonate base* Deereasing the volume to four litres gave a flirty pigment* Study the effect of using different f Sodims Carboneife in the lead b' ase* In this experiment it was observed that ino amount of Soda Ash used in the lead base decreased the depth brightness of the. orange; this decrease is depth la accompanied increase in strength* Chitting the vat volume fm t%m Utew to litres resulted in a dull-dirty color* the precipitant ai Study the use of Turkey Red 611, t* and increasing the bichroiaat^'';/;1'1.;^;:^^ The addition of turkey red oil gave a airty Increasing the bichromate resulted in a duller product, from experiment it appears that the acid balance is a determining fee'1 the mixed crystal formation, I - "V- 8<5 DUP050316370 33~- 3 SOBIIIFTIB BTt Ji&mQYm BIT: lel4iad#tiioto &.//< 3 Tirnt mmm-mmmi BAX'S: OQTmm 1935. :i; Jfr" As. at was made taring the mmth to cheek Chrome Scarlet A335S. fThhis color Iis a Sdeepn orange made la somewi same manner as a light yellow mgeeft for the addition of sodium molybdate which immppaarts a reddish shade to the material* After a ... researeh laboratory In order Semestie eompetitive products now m formula was taken haeh a color comparable to market* k as faithfully as praetieable the l.G.Z* process for the countered In adjusting the _ color being vs*light, flat, extension against the I0*X* in the eheck run, the product blue In masstone with a very. si each ease was satisfactory* :.! - v. batches were run dupHoallil iPV Stig c! onditions specified in ^ eb iireme* difficulty was f the first batch, the result! an a masstone and weak in fo difficulty was experienced v*s* light and clean and v*w..# weak tint. Bight stability in Work on mis iiewlar formulation was disc as tfee shade was deeper then it desired* fhe object at pres to develop a color app ,, ....,,1 -the shade of Imperial* a ***** Shis competitive prosdouuct (64Mfifr) Is light and yellow in mas and strong, yellow, and clean Igaimst the A*SS pigment* It superior to the other comparable colors on the market at Compared to Kentucky*s "King" orange it is light, bright, masstone and strong, red, and clean in extension with slightly stability to light* ^ |5- in For Experimental Bet alls see $.S 448, pp* StofM ' ' Qi . vw -i ? ! 1 N i* DUP050316371 f i&i# c o mb ns&Bffi mmm - * '* & S,4S^ 6a 3?BS \ PISS: 193S* K *SJ m Phrk Has been continued m this )*Mtll from X The laboratory phase, connecting moisture eonteatt of B*d with redness of masstone ia lacquer saft^Bolux, has been carried to completion*' Pine portions of a float batch of Bg f#.s cake haw driea la the semi-works wader various conditions# im, A series of laboratory runs>,) para __ last month, vary. ing_ the moisture content of semm] lies of and another series filling ia gaps ia the lover part from sw-vggjg. were completed. The tendency to rdness,,in laequer wMIt moisture eoateat and to redness in* Dulux with deera;*"`~ were confirmed* In the ease of lacquer it was found a range of moisture contents in the neighborhood of T, dep?th and blackness are obbttaaiinneedd. The loss consider?aabblly more rapid on the high moisture content ^fcHhnaPfa wjrmfrMtofXt, t-h- e' l--ow si-d--e* Material testing a trace ret to vv$ Standard in Dulux has been obtained with moisture eoirteiiife#' _ _ 8*d to &**, although one sample containing 9*6# moisture warn read v*s* Material testing v#s. deep and black tostandard in lacquer has been obtained with moisture *8$6* the *83& value of moisture content is regard!! eien but sufficient sample was not available to b `* ?*6# is probably a safer limit to take for the ackness in lacquer* Five portions of B*63*iD press cake ftptt ve been dried in the semi-works* Procter'asst dry bulb and at relative humidities r stare determinations were made on both lump and The moisture results on the grind uniformly higher than on the lump samples, probe effect of be Iter grinding and sampling of ths sitting the m the range The lacquer results cheek those obtained in the laboratory e of the products being satisfactory in laequer* DUP050316372 p*sii tIhtanis'JaFpparently necessary to accomplish the trying at humid4t$# The Dulux results oheefc the treat obtained laboratory, material dried at 28-1/2 and 8a relative htatid satisfactory* See notebook; #368 pp. 93-97 and notebook #.488Besmlts may he sammarized as follows* method mt &rtMUKt....... . Period of ..... ioieftsre. ftetninqaft. ...... Sulux fee* JBr-ltt&t------- A 28 hrs* 1 s- e 1 hr* 19*6 c 2 hrs* 1#* G 4 hrs* 11*8 0 6 hrs* 11.2 Experiment 365-B7-4* ,*bai of 1 Period of JsfgSasii * -* v.v.s.green *v.s*gleafc red. A . 3-1/2 hrs* 7*6 v.v.s.red A 7 hrs* 8*2 v*s*redtv* s.dirty deep & blade 'A 24 hrs. 6.6 v*s.redts*dirty a.deep & black moisture sample roi*iid lay fire* Of T: meat* A - Bj heated in Besearoh Lab* steam oven at about 1 * sampled from barrel & immediately earned* J t*r 0 C - B, heated in dea.i^tor^in #3 Lab* oven at 14 f* DUP050316373 Sei#srarks Batches/ Batch Bel* ^11, ,,,. 7,4# Grind Bnlux $est misAme^m. std* 8,^ v,vs.red,dirty 7888 m*m 8*7 trace red 754 m s,s 10,0 v.v.s,green 7mi 41*^. 1G6 10,6 s,green dense,s, 7538 51=6 1* 11,8 s*gre deep, v.e.br< 3Mjjj|> of depth la lacquers Deepest, , , , ?a*, t mx . vws*' of greenness in Dulux; Greenest, ?3S8t 7341, 7840, 7389, 7 a v,v*s.low gloss in Bulux* Arranging the rubout results in the m the moi sture content of grinds reveals no signiffiesii'i vmmmm* BvdMm* e#alts -vs standard* i s f341 '1^*788 - s,deep & black r w e * ** Masstone Beading V#3.Sk* svk V* s,wk. vs,idfc* .s*vk, . wk* vk* ** v*s*ti4 s*H VMMNNft SH*7S$f vs 7880 * v.s,deep & black, mm vs ?m> - m0 Vs 7S41 v*v*s*red 7S&H vs 7380 - v*v.s*deep & black KWr vs 7888 v,s.deep & blaek DUP050316374 fill i f, i Stengi;h Readings m*mm m mm v.s.str* mm v p mm trace str mm v p mm. v.s.wk* mm v* s.str* nwr vs 7338 vs,str* Tint Readings 7339 ** ffc*89 vs 7340 v*s.green vs 7341 vTs#ga*ssat SW*.7SS7 vs 73S8 v.vs.green \ i i i \ ih i f i . '*, ' '* *-E{!}.:. :' T> ^ ' \ "Aft. *&*'+i v-* : ,l' .' 5* 1 / - ' ' . '?' ,,*-,' : <**' *: DU P050316375 BUmiTWD BY: AITROVI BY: PIG-HSHT COLOR KIHEARSH BB*Q8!T JpdST- BzmiSt S, C. a/s vsiMt mmrmm : mTQBm- 19*5 I if* ; ; .,*%{.-? ' f- iFmopgcTioir .JM- Tli study of B-140-B was continued from the past month, A comparative study of the two day and one day processes for B-14CKP has been mad and an improved one day process has been developed* ;y-;.*- ssamou*.pmmmsm In the preparation of B-146-B it is customary to flood and draw one water after formation of the whit precipitate. Oxidation ' ,v without drawing one water results in a product with a wen* green tint,. ' A number of strikes have been made to obtain a process (giving a ah- ,:<t perior product) in which the washing of the white precipitate could : h'ty1* be eliminated without affecting the strength and tint, ,: It was found possible to obtain the desired redness of tint by decreasing the amount of acid used. Increased strength was b- tained by forming the white precipitate in dilute solution. These ' :|f changes alone give a pigment which filters very slowly but by iaor*-! t:*: ing the copperas a satisfactory filtering rate is obtained. The pro duct obtained by this one day process is equal tinctorially to that obtained by vat-washing the white precipitate with one water. How ever, it was observed that the mounts appear to become green and weak somewhat more rapidly on standing than in the case of the two day process. '-.ft While a one day process has been developed which gives satis factory material by rubout, it is still necessary to prove that this material Is satisfactory in and lacquer. In the case of lacquer, previous work indici&feed moisture was the important,factor and no further experiments seem necessary. 2s^ri^ieaital work an the effect of moisture in `Balux*' grinds and in feints indicates that moisture causes the pigment to become green and' 'dirty,;. Since green and red shades can be afcgad to tffertftiat mieriuQU it would appear that the chief effect of moisture ia to.give a -dirty,-,ap pearance. The experience of the control ittor&tofy is. that red Mass- tone products are green in "Bulux**. 'If, howler, .the..Maetones m identical the controlling faetor may be th^-M&. It is i^0gta&ed" prepare red and green tint material of equal aasaton and make ^Bulux* grinds to study this phenomenon. ;. gigmigmx..mvxm notebook 468. 468-37. ' Continue study of B-140-B using 3,3 as. basic procedure (using 18.4# of ammonium sulphate instead of 15.5#}'; increase the bichromate; also let whit precipitate stand overnight before drawing water. An increase in bichromate .in this'experiment resulted in a very slightly stronger color, (gave a blacker m&sstone and redder tint than the control). Allowing the white precipitate to stand overnight before drawing the water gave a strong green tint. % n ' . DU P050316376 Study tbs affects of a alight increase in c@pprilfij, ` also increase the aeid used in the oxidation process; study atrffiidaai#. at 70T. ' ' A redder tint was obtained by increasing slightly the 'f v*' peras< An increase in acid in the oxidation proees's gave a green tint. Striking at ?0F favored a black maaatone; this waa accost* ponied by poor pressing properties. 4fg-5f Study increasing volume; also increasing the o. agent; also-" emit the aoid used in the copperas* increasing the volume resulted in a blacker masatone. A increase in bichromate gave a weak product. Omitting the aeid strike tends to decrease the strength of the pigment. The entire-!;' series made at 70F filtered very slowly and poorly. <fg=|g- Continue the study of increasing the volume of th#' ^ "Sf yellow pru'sslate of soda and copperas solutions; also study heaifhlr 140F after the strike; strike all four runs at 9@F. , .C In this experiment the use of high copperas and large votH^- /* gave a product strong and red in tint vs. standard B-140-P. '^' Heating to 140F after the strike 'resulted in a red A marked improvement was observed in the filtering projwrii^^^^ ^ of this series made at 90F vs. 39 aeries made at 70 F ' 468-41. Study one and two day processes. InTMthis experiment, Ashing the white precipitate favored er products with blacker masstone than the unwashed ferrous base Allowing the white precipitate to stand flooded overnight resulted'jgi"-* -* strong, clean red tint, The series filtered rapidly and formed O&xtw.i' hard solid press cakes. tl % 468-4S Continue the one and two day process study of se^es: 41 fhs entire series waa close tinctorially. B, made at 10S# had a very & ight brownish cast * It was very clearly cheeked: during the process of drying of the mounts several of ihe-t'd^fi: came green; this was much less noticeable in C and B (both 'Ipibe* #r<r night in the white precipitate phase of the process). DUP050316377 PiGMEBT COLOR RESEARCH REPORT TOTOSG BLUE. B153*B SUBMITTED BY: J-> APPROVED BY: CA^y^t' { M.TB: OOTOBBH Itlgy^y V Fits: lo nrmoBirgfag. l second production run of t&is color,, con of tlire batches, was carried through in the plant without SUMMARY MB SOMCXUHTOlfl The standard formula* KV?13t was followed satisfactory material* The formula may ba considered as hawing' satisfactorily standardized* The redness of tint noted in ` experimental details may be due to a drift in standard* ims s t a l d e t a il s See notebook #888, pp. 1S$*198 Rubout Results* Batch No* Masstone 48308 45Sfif 4S471 slight, red dark sdark __________Ifeeijgth *sweak v*soweak T*s.weak & red wos.weak 0.K* , Voe.strong .Tlat red red red DUP050316378 -J wmm.. mmmt t b y ? ssmorm b y ? Seme attention was given to the problem RTE19D as free from wbloomingH tendencies in lacquer & Methods were tried in aa attaint to extract7 from a plant batch of RT-297-B, present from contamination* atawar&BT GmGLUSKMS Since RSwgff** has shown remarkable freedom blooming on aged lacquer panels, it was believed that ame the RT~29?~D formula might hT applicable to RT-219-B and in a satisfactory product with respect to biocm and color 6 Acidification of the finished R1V219- slurry negligible effect upon oolor* Developing t 809S was also withal effect on color but at 70 <5 the color went distinctly darker* Hb bloom has developed on the panels in may of the above eases after two itha* Jfr tery good washing was compared with incomplete wa of the pigment but no bloom has appeared in either case after two Observation (after tw months) of the lacquer panels on the recent plant sad semlworks batches of RTgl9* has shorn slight blooming tendencies in almost every case while standard RTwSfT*# was entirely free* The main difficulty with this problem has boon lakk of a satisfactory accelerated test for blooming* SUeh meth^da-ike ; ' aging ef the panels at elevated temperatures have been without suSM&dsi* This phase of the problem will receive concentrated attention durfiig the next month* A plant batch of RT*297~D, 4SM8, became oontasttfeaatied* accidentally, with M*H*P.T* which causes a pronounced yellow bleed cm over striping a lacquer panel with white* Diazotiaatioh With acid and nitrite* and subsequent filtration removed some but pot all of the H*H*P*T* A simple agitation with dthyl acetate and filtratioh was effective in removing apparently all of the MH*P,T* but tMs method would probably be impractical in the plant because of the attendant fire hazard* Lacquer tests have shown that amounts up to be mixed with current manufacture without affecting the oversbfeipe bleed* However, in view of the critical attitude of Parlin with regard to the blooming and bronzing of RT-297-B and because of the unknown behavior of in these respects, it would be considered Wise to go not beyond Sjl JST DUP050316379 8- working off this material. The Operating Department will be so advised* Wqtebook No. 418* 3ie.a 418-80 studied the effeet of acidification ' of RT-219- slurry wbh and wiihout heat development* Simple aeidifieation had vary little effeet on color* Beating to the boil made the color considerably darker, so fer as bloom mas concerned, none developed after a period of two months in a|dy of the above cases* washing of the . studied effect on ' blooming" of incomplete effeet of developing to 50hC and VS^C. incomplete washing gave a dark color* Deveiopjptt to -Mf&'gAus practically without effect. At ?SC the color ? became tanker. $ biotas was observe# after two menthsc saii-wwfcs batchiS` #f biotsslhg:* wear tests on "blooming" of plant and also a study of accelerated tests for After about five weeks, most of the recent plant and semi-works batches Of Rf-219-D showed"looming" tendencies, whereas RT-89V-D standard was t#tm. ttm Storage of panels at room temperature, covered and un covered, at 90S* mr and 10S for a period of about two months did hot develop bloito even in the case of lot 4014 RT-219-D which had pre viously esdiibited bldom after about four months ageing at room temperature* Series 419.-24 was an attempt to remove M.N.R.T* sent as eont P -v*-i lot 45145 of RT-299-D, by a disizotieation Diazotisation with acid and sodium nitrite and uent filtration removed same of the M.N.P.T but not completely by lacquer overstripe biased test l yellow bleed) Baaflea.. tried the effeet of removing M.N.P.T. the above hrWlWSliajy sti`rrin' g with star solvent (ethyl acetate) mm filtering* this method apparently removed all of the M.N.P.T. as as other material responsible for the red bleed. Lacquer grinds that amounts of lot 43145 up to 20$ could be added to current e of RT-89V-B without showing up in the bleed* DUP050316380 3SZ.3&- SUBMITTED BY: &swm> BY: e^^s^c. 3-3*?/ na: BASS: OQV&m 1S5, WMafflqL- The Pigment Green B Lake problorn, was eeth*msfi during this month along the lines of the 488*90 method which involves a rosin soap treatment of the green slurry before addition to the hydrate* The 482*90 method was described in last mh$h*s report as being an improvement over the method which started with the 6L*40?*B (dry rosin aize*green mixture} type* with respeet to dt^Seability* me 482*90 method, it will be recalled* eonMdts in treating a slurry of GT*68*P with rosin soap before addition to alumina hydrate and subsequently coagulating the colloidal susps4ioh Of ftesm with salt* The main purpose of thi# mcnih1- work on this problem was to obtain the maxima strength possible w*. the Green B used in these lakes as judged by lithe varnish rubo&is* Very it was recognized that the best starting point in the preparation of these lakes was the original untreated {.*** not *KfjjRf!;< Mgd'dM# pulverised} press cake* It was later found that better nplif the green tats obtained by treating at the boll. SlwrOYeiiiests were obtained in cleanness of tint and IheSifitaliy f$- MW- fispefslen* by treating the green slurry at the boil with sjmgiL &mp tTeferb adding t hydrate and then salting* The resulting like, Mila#* tablets of Implement Grew B, alumina hydrate air llpmtfiihfc rasimate* reduced to It was shown that fh method- Amim$x-er. a point which resulted in a ItShme MSmSiSm.HaoSul&atl*i sodium resinate content of the lake* Without' aff#etthg the-etrOngth of the lake by rub out* ! It was also demonstrated 't*p-: lake could be increaisseed s..at,,isfactoril.y, tvm . ...........d..W_...p...S...i.^..Pip,,P1 e4jr in strength (compared on basis of equal aateusfe f , * > . ./ ' .- A consistency series was nm m method lake) using six different plant batches of green total ig^lss^eii^' insult# demonstrated that the method was stable and thhft wt etrenglfhs of the board flushed toner pulps were approximated tb the dry lakes* . - . Substitution of 20:11 hydrate base gate e$t*a.i strength but lower printing tone finish than the lake from ^sSS.base*. A 80:19 base was practically without effeot* The use of blade t%0'instead of hydrate showed up the filtration considerably but gave similar strength to the hydrate product* DUP050316381 A rubber gptM f ssoe of these lakes showed that t$ey did not equal latex dispersion of the toner pulps. Some work will he done in an effort to improve the dispersion of these dry lakes in rubber* Attention will be paid during the newt month to the possibility of preparing a dry water dispersible lake for paper coating use* of treatment of ____ 482-90 (17$ 90S on hydrate)* studied the effeet of different temperaturifl slurry with rosin soap in method treatment at the boil gave the best results-with respect to cleanness of tint* ffStgg 482-110 {boiling trial reduced the amount of rosin in method grew with rosin sea#)* It was found that the rosin could be reduced from 3 g to 1 g {per 2,5 g FOB) without affecting the strength eMM&ifc of the lake, fhe sodium resinate denteat of the lakes was thqptftta fsedmeed from 14$ to 4$* Omitting the rosin resulted in bluer and lirtJSr tints* Those results were based on lithe varnish rubeuta* la rubber lakes were not equal in strength to latex dispersion of the te&f$- pulp aM the untreated (rosin) lake was distinctly poorer in &idj ,increas4ing ^the greSesrnJLtet.o..n,, studies of the effect' of It was shown that the green toner content of the lake could be increased from 17$ to 70$, with corresponding hydrate from 8$ to 84$ ana in sodium realhabe from 15$ to Jp^ affecting the strength of the lake on the basis of ruhoute* lerics 483-15 . showed that the boiling A- green slurry without rosin soap gave almost equal results toIlfJim- seap treated lakes. However, it is probeble that the rosin would be a more reliable method of dispersing Pigment Green S and would tend to give mere consistent results with different batches ^ jg&MJWteML showed that reduction in volpbr and cooling of the rosin soapsMjpwfislurry mixture before adding to the hy^sate were practically without effect* i, series 4ftfe|a was a consistency series n method ^2-13D {45$)XateeT using six Sifferent batches, of She results demonstrated the stability of the method 483-lSB and that this method gave almost (within 10$) equal strength to board flushed green toner pulps (on equal green toner basis) DUP050316382 lift; agates.. iHalft tried the substitution of SO:XI and 30:19 hydrate baser : IS base la 488*13; also blaao fixe* chloride and sale iam chlorlder were used lastead of sodium chloride* the vmmtUm lakes were all substantially equal in strong13b. by rubouts* thh 30:11 base gave lower printing tone finish* :* 31 f 0':` . ..>; ) DUP050316383 r,.. r-'- p mb s gsLOE IMPORT pisMtHf sgnar r mk s po r p a p b r , g l -407-p SDWXTtSD BY: < JPIROT8B BY: ^ PI3: MS: OCTOBER- 1 siismu*11 Two batches ware made in the Semi-Works, the first a weak shad ing batch for mixing with Lot 4248 (250# Paper Lab. shipment) to set up a satisfactory standard, and the second batch checking th4 use ot our manufacture of sodium resinat solution to replace the rosin sist in the above batch. The shading batch was thus available for use as a control. The use of sodium resinate solution has given fairly satisfactory results in the laboratory, ssmmjLjmmvw The first batch ms made n the standard @L-407-2 formulation except that a ratio of 33-l/3$ Pigment Green B toner to 66-2/3$ Rosin sis was used instead of the standard 50-50 ratio. The resultant lake, was of course considerably weakeafthan the OL-407-B standard* This lake is to be used in shading Lot 4248 (250# shipment Paper Lab. shipment) so that 50# of the dry lake is equivalent to 100# Pigment Green B standard, 27$ pulp (lot 41873) on paper test. As Ibi tested on a 45-100 ratio and this weaker batch (SW-7378) tested on a #2-100 ratio, the amount of weak material to be used is easily qi^lculated (100# Lot 4248 - 41-2/3# SW-7378 baaed on these tests), Sbwever, samples of the separate components of this prospective aifi; hpw been sent to the Paper laboratory for their -evaluation and recbmaendations before the mix is attempted. The second batch was made to check the first except tiipt a. solu tion of sodium resinate from I Wood Rosin was used to rb rosin size in the formulation. The reason for o'. batch in this experimental batch was to have a cheek ' #ia made from the same lot of G-T-68-P (batch 437## use# in The results secured on this batch were fairly s4tis lie: equal to the control in strength and tint taa fgi om "in equal toner basis. Dispersion, however, is net quite go as in the case of. the control batch. The difference in.toner ai is on these tm) batches (control batch 4#`.3$ inner,' sodium resin batch 32$ toner) was probably due to a chang in the rosin size on standing ^absorption of water, etc.) as the is on the resinate batch (32$ toner) checked the theoretical f Labed analysis (33-1/3$ toner) fairly closely, while the analysis &n Wm control batch (40.5$ toner) was considerably higher. As previous batches made with fresh resin size showed a 53$ toner content when based on a 50$ theoretical formu lation, the obvious possibility I that the rosin size has absorbed water and thus lowered Its purity. The yield on the hatch using sodium resinate was a considerable improvement over the control batch, a lump yield of 44 lbs. being se cured. The estimated yield was 42 lbs. and the control batch, lump yield -sms 36 pounds. The reasons for the low yield in the case of the DUP050316384 2 control are the possibly low ary content of the resin size aad' loss in the Charlotte mill (no water is used t wash). The refs hatch slurry being considerably thinner than the control be the water used in making the sodium resisaie, the 103s in the negligible. This extra water in the ease of tki resinate batchprobable reason for the slightly poorer dispersion as compared the control batch. Drying time in each case was' considerably longer than utf these batches. 185. houra in the l*r-eas dryer at 140F was refu; dry the control batch, and 259 hours in tie same dryer to dry nate batch. The tendency of the material to glaze and. dry hard surface is the reason for this Ion tigs drying. A drum dryer |s probably the most efficient means of drying this material on a i$%pv scaleH~ Results on these batches tabulated in Table I. n ::/5" i < - f DUP050316385 \ j i DUP050316386 SUBMIT! BTs .>-Z Mpmevm mt jft ^Su !Mmu3i|i>iyT!ig^5gS..wTSKmjaSSjSmWiiitmmlfiflggmSfew i.>sasj$aiSr5wb^eaS3i ! B Uga? ST-68P simt UiSBt Plant production of GT-68-P continues under Bevel supervision* Pinal reports are available on two batches plant the latter part of last month, and on two hatches r month, hut on which final results were not available. giM&BT & WGEBBIOre The two hatches reported this month were made to 41873 formulation (soda ash in the cateium soap). An at increase the dry content by reducing the number f cakes from 40 to 38 was only partially successful. The dry content was probably about 1/2% (24-1/2% to 25%) in the number of cakes should have given an improvement ; considerable difficulty was encountered in forcing into 38 cakes and in one case a wash plate was cracked* improvement shown does not seem to warrant continuation of pressing in view of the difficulties involved. Ave these two batches was satisfactory, averaging 93-1/2% o which is an improvement over last month's production bu 2-1/3% under the average secured in previous months. Beth rubber and paper tests on these batches werf and they are being held in standard stock for paper for Beember x. The two batches reported last month that were the Paper laboratory were reported satisfactory. The f: (45093) which was bat eh 45955 re-pressed in the plant for paper. The second lot (15415) which consisted of ba1 leaf-filtered to increase the dry content was approved laboratory and is held in standard stock for Production is tabulated in Table I, shipments in "'If. ! J':; X DUP050316387 DUP050316388 mwm,,.z .mjEoaum... SDBMXnSD BTi X&unJ**t mmt h j wtt FILS; bat s : oomai 193s* - ' 1 -I continued* 3everal "assisting agents" have been found which can##. 7*' / the pienh to transfer from the water phase to the oil* phase ,> # sufficient mechanical shearing force is strolled* a gaBBT:'. ' ' , sad an assisting agent, there la no transfer of an ftM3 fine from thf water phase to the oil phase* Iron hies press eake mimes' intimately ;; : with vegetable oils to form emulsions while it dees 3#$ mix with mineral oils end plasticisers such u dlhmtflphthalate# B66B, fluked info blown osster oil with the aid of sir oxide showed imprwea properties (tinctorial* textwe* flow* length* etc#) war a dry ontrsd. ink* However, similar Improvements were-" mot obtained when B-6S*B was "fSmshft#* inf #1 regular varnish in the seme manner so that me definite conclusions cam he made at the present # 1* the pigment is transformed t tm emulsified in the 11 or If 8* the pigment slurry becomes emulsli Svapovatien of water from a waterntil^igmsmt formation of on ink is set* from the above def operation* For want of a better name# it Sa prepared in this manner an "evaporated ink." that a flushed ink Is generally superior he an distinction between the two processes Is espha differences* Vm example* iron bine act by wa phase in oil as the dispersion medium* It is evaporation of the water with a final transfer oil might result in a greater degree of cement *** remain* ...S' DU P050316389 than if there was a direct transference of pigment from the to the ail ihose* l a Lithoi Bed starry m press cake, the intimately mixed with eater* Zf m oil Is added to a thick with rigor* agitation, the thiols starry scattoned stirring, providing sufficient ell has heer added, pellets of ink are ftaNMAlm are easily filtered and water* the actual separation of water la more apparent if" . to the press coak thereupon water Is readily observed the mixtars is worked with a batata m m an talc mill* prodsed ta this ism mey oentata small memeta of water is probably net present ta the fora of an emulsion of water*: It is the writer's opinion that a water*im*oil emulsion is al grease-IJUta and tends to team a srepe paper*llfce offeet when am ink mill np to the point share ail of the dispersed plated when a mash thinner ink is produced. fhis thin ink .tain water held mechanically m In loose ehemieal oemhtaatioh ah a diapers phase* Isperlmemtal evidence that Iron hit does not "flash" without an ............................................................................................ .................. In marked contrast to the shore example of fl of Lithel Bed, is the behavior of iron htaes when mixed with a oil* It is the writer's belief that thare is no transfer or fL_TM__ (as defined above) ta this tastanee end the following experimental observations are offered to substantiate this belief! there have hem sendee ted ever twenty separate xpertaomta where various i.r..o...n.....b..l.u...e..s.....h..a..v..e.....n passed through the eollold ffil X$ to 11735 of a 4 different oily vehieies by several ftHriSfeMf ft* In none of those eases has the mill ever up by the formation of an talk* Pigments which form * similar clroumatenses ere ftT-364*; BT-gaKD; Bf*12S*Bs B**: Bf<*gg*Bj Q?*3S4~B, etc* i 1* in none of these oases has there bee say marked increase ta the rat of filtration of the oll*treated ire bln* Oil-treated lithol Bed filters untroatod Mtaol Bed* h mom rapidly than II* iron blue i a&ueous pulp) is mixed with a vegetable oil such as aster oil or linseed oil, an intimate oil-ta^water emulsion is formed oven imougl several hundred per (tent of oil %# mixed in with the iron blue. Wider tae seme eirenmstaneea, Lithol Bed flushes to produce an ink plus clear water. % DUP050316390 IU* Iron bltee press cake does sots mix with d$ ll& mineral oils suoh as Nujol. Sea experiments 451-13-1 (I) -0 ami. If* Pellets f Ink are not tensed bo mutter bow & pulp la stirred with lg# ef blown castor ell. V* ihea iron time la shaken with water ami blown test tube, the pigment does not go lute the oil layer collects at tie oil-water interface* Lithol Red trams into ttee oil layer. Am See experiment 4S3-7* See alee mental station Report BSR-92-S0 by Q.F. Rteffteaa# ' VI* iron telue-yegetable oil-water emulsions earn tee ink mill {Rot or eeld) repeatedly, either as such or of fifty different treating agents, without any flu X& eaote ease, of oourae, the water eould tee ewapore with eventual format!on of an evaporated ink* The treating agents used were <juite Metallic oxides, inorganio salts, dehydrating agents, soaps, wetting agents, crgenie ethers, hydrocarbons, to oils,. aleohel* and sulphoaia aside were tried without ) til* Certain assisting agents caused direst flushing of. .iron hiss e either with aepalmla m a glass board or on the rimanta 483-S, 4(19-10 and 403-11), A the fbllowiitg assisting agents caused of the iron blue into blown easier ell aseompamled by sepaf substantially all of the water* B Of 1 time exit* fU ealoinm on 8* magjhesiint oxide barium hydroxide zina hydroxide * the fallowing assisting agents of most of the water but a small amount of the water emulsified in me ink until it was evaporated* a separation to remain |ea| oxide (PbO) %* chromate {X-8St# stands# teloimlmm ooergonate. Soya leaelithin & i"lpta` mMel IOS White lmead ' In tion, the writer believes that the abe|$t DU P050316391 experimental evidence shows that when an iron blue is mixed with a regtable oil, an intimate oil-in-water emulsion is termed with the iron blue pigment particles probably at the oil-water interfaces* lharthermore, that it is not possible to cause the iron blue to transfer into the oil phase without the addition of a special assisting agent* ThSs successful flushing operation is not dependent upon the hydrogen ion concentration of the mixture nor is it dependent upon the Inversion of the emulsion from the oil-In-wetter type to the water-in-oil type# since lead sulphate causes such an inversion without the separation of water* Supposed "flushing" of Iron blue by means of 7*8# of oil-soluble Be.^Qle.,au,lBtea.teift-------------------------------------------------;------------,--------------------- This reagent (DX-896)(D-1741) ha been reported (Experimental Station Report ESR-93-8G by G*F* Hoffman, Sept. 26, 192?) to cause the flushing of B-66-B "but only with the aid of careful manip ulation." Efforts to duplicate this result in this laboratory have failed as an oil-in-water emulsion is formed by ordinary mixing or by running over the ink mill# After evaporation of most of the water a the ink mill, the emulsion inverts to a urate r-ia-oil crepe-like emulsion* At no time is there an actual separation of water. Hoffman's iron blue "flushed inks" contained 5-8$ water and were BO# weak compared t a ground blue which he attributes "to the much greater water content of the transferred pigment," The most notable improvement of the transferred blue, according to Hoffman, was the elimination of bronziaess* This property is known to depend to a certain extent on the amount of Water present in the ink* Proposed theory of mechanic _for ,flushiag_of^ir on_blues*,, , A study of the mechanism of flushing has resulted in several tentative conclusions, Where incorporation of a plpaeat-water mixture with oil results in a pigment-oil system and the separation of water, it appears that stable or equilibrium conditions are reached whan the pigment has collected in the oil. With other pigments, equilibrium condi tioas are reached when the pigment is at the water- oil interfaces* Lithol Bed appears to be an example of the first type and Iron Blue an example of the second type* A third type would be a pigment which at equilibrium would be present in the water phase* There is no evidence that mechanical work 0$, a mechanical force of essay type will displace this equilibrium* Attempts to flush iron blues alone on a glass board, in the colloid mill, on an Ink mill, or in a mixer have all given negative results* To displace an equilibrium it is necessary to alter some part of the pigment-oil-water sywtea* Since we may not wish to alter the ptg&eat, it is necessary to alter either the water if the pigment collects in the water, or the interface if She pigaant collects in the oil-water interface. In the case of iron blue in a pigment-water-oil system it is therefore necessary to add a substance which collects at the water-oil interface* Simple collection at am Interface indicates that the interface is altered* \ If the interface is altered sufficiently the blue may no longer collect v in the interface but may now, with certain vehicles, collect in me oil* Substances which cause this transfer, presumably by collecting at the interface, of the iron blue from interface to oil are rine \s k' DUP050316392 r oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium carbonate, 1 been stated that a maroon pigment and also 1 transfer from interface to oil through the (See sept. 193$ Beprt, AJa and Exp* Statist fheaefacta indicate that certain insoluble os* materials may by eoUeetlng at a water-oil in terfaee that a pigment which ordinarily eelideta have that tendency but at equilibrium will be JttwiwiitfHk, -46*0 flushed into blown castor zinc oxide resulted in an ink that showed an dispersion, texture, flow, length and softdc; A mere r less comparable Improvement in a castor : B-14S-D at the wevaporated ink* typo is reported However, these improvements were net obtained wh* . late #1 regular varnish with the aid of * - 6$ sine definite conclusions await further flushing expe zinc oxide apparently causes an increased tendency inks to liver* According to reports from Berlin, inoes various percentages of blown caster oil in 1-6SW9 pulp colloid milling rosults in no improvement in the ease lacquer formulas* gjrdMBrtfcBI ...wmiMb -miigffl.ltMftfc.... Additional amples of RT-SS4-B fit "ulnx" resins and blown castor oil have been sent evaluation in "Bulux* and uroa-formaldehyde resin tawmimm ' nSIl a tm. the surfaee of the copied section of the input under various conditions have been mewsatod* and the Hotel All percentages are recorded cm the basis sat weight f pigment as ld@S$* Bsparimenta^&-B. Orientation experiment on the fleshing of iron lime* *h following agents were unsuccessful in causing blue prose cake to flush into the oil indicated when the mixture wag. vigorously rubbed with a spatula* DUP050316393 te- #*: I- A* B-63-D transparent varnish* '1 1* sodium bicarbonate 8* aoetoae S. turpentine 4* dloxg* 8* aeeti aeid 4* eastor 7. tllai 8* dihu 9* eedim 10* 1* *> Blown easts oil (3*190) 1* toleinst aeetate 8* ssim aoetate S* sodiaa fluoride 4* * ' * * ** 4* ziao stearate 7* * a 8* * previously dissolved in H-120 9** * ' * 4 10* dlbutylphthalate 11* sodiumbicarbonate IB* sodium* carbonate 14 ziao linolaate 14* titanium dioxide 18* oil soluble petroleum sulfonate soap (M-SSBSjj 18* anhydrous sodium sulphate 1?* petroleum soap #8 (BK-40S) (*189?) #4 (OMM) 19* TwiteHoll Oil m (3~140S) 90* aluminum stearate (B-474) 91* * Mlsolate (Hilt 32* ziao * (D-lpS) 94* colloidal aluminum linoleats (*31lftt 98* Dry Areskien* CB-iSfS} 94* mt APoefcap " ... 97* Alphasol T Si* Si. 99* * la the ease of tits following agents it was doubtful w&otaor or not flaming toole place mitfc spatula rubbing* O* a-4* 4 3*180* * 1* 'i|ae oxide 4 sodium biearbomato 9* mrn^mmm ealoimm o&Aoride 3* 2iaa sulphide , 4* white* *v,* >. DUP050316394 ?* / The following agents definitely caused water to separate and the iron blue to transfer fro the water phase to the oil phase when rigorously rubbed with a spatula* B. B-63-B 4 H-180* -w ;rf +" f " . v'' 1* zinc oxide * dlbutylphthalate. 8* sine oxide 3* calcium oxide 4* magnesium oxide* . =' The following agents were unsuccessful in causing flushing on the ink mill* S* B-63-B 9 1-180* 1* sodium bicarbonate, 8, 4, and 6$ 8* ML sodium bicarbonate 4 8# sodium carbonate 3* ML acetone ,4* ML oil-soluble petroleum sulphonate soap {ESt-Sf#} * F# B-66-B f 1-180 1* 3$ oil-soluble petroleum sulphonate soap (DX-596) 8* alumina hydrate 3* antimony trioxide 4* stannous oxide @* stannic oxide 6 aluminum oxide 7* aluminum sulphate 3* anhydrous calcium chloride 9* sine sulphide lO* potash alum 11* barium carbonate 18* basic magnesium carbonate 13* sine stearate 14* zinc linoleate 10* lead sulphate The following agents were successful in causing flushing on the ink mill* 8* B-66-D 9 H-180 1* 4 - 16$ zinc oxide 8* calcium oxide S* magnesium oxide 4* barium hydroxide 5* sine hydroxide 6* lead oxide (Fb0){ Incomplete separation of water)* 7 lead chromate (Y-359-D standard) (Incomplete separation of water). 8* calcium carbonate (incomplete separation of water)* 9. soya lecithin* "Oolloidal ** (B-1B61) (Incomplete separation of water) 10* white lead (Incomplete separation of water)* DUP050316395 v s'1:'5 :1r 11* Alphasol OS (B-8888M separation of" ____________________ Preparation of simples of flushed into *1Miu** resins and late S-120 ami ground late M mill* . These inks were seat to Philadelphia for evaluation A# 585 g > press e&ke (3&*S5% dry color) (let reslurried to 8$ slurry ISO g H-180 Stirred in %y steams of |reas agitator* ^stirre^ until pellets of various sines formed* passes en hot ink Mil to glee Isl ink* B* Same as A only stirring was stopped at a snail uniform st 0* Sane as A only ISO g of "Bulux* resin (no was added in place of H-180 sad the fear passes were otrer a sold B* Sene as a only in plasee of iso g of g*lM, there was maggr* 000 g of JtC-803 "Bulux" resin ( edntains thinner), th* pellets formed eoalesoed to masses of paasste which contained emulsified water even after four passes over the hot ink mill* 1* Dry control ink* ISO g RT-3d4B dry control * ISO g BMUMr given four p r cold ink 23&X3L# 7 Bry control* Bxoeriiaaai* 4SS-10. Flushing of cake (lot #48039) lii5oTPlS wi aid of alsts oxide* press A* Bry control ink (HI) Four passes over not |*fc mill* 8* 588 g B-dd-B press' oaks M dry color) *> &.,3Hae oxide e 104 g H-180* Four passes over hot ink *ul to give ......... ,, .Ixneriaent.^d^Mll* Fleshing of #*##*& pttshed- pres* cake*- (Lot #4883FHleff^reBESTfearaiA with aid eT'* ' extit* A* Pry control ink* m g B-dd-B try centre! '* 80' g oil* Four passes over cold ink sill* B* 1*8 g B-dd-B dry control * 1*8 g sine extol#. * 80 g oil. Four passes ever cold sill* O* 94 g B-dd-D press * 20 g oil. Ten passes ev ' ' (!&#s^f dry eelor) t 1*2 g zinc oxide * 9d g B~dS*B press cake '{19*2 g dry color) * 0*8 g zinc oxide * SO g ail. Hre fessee over hot ink atm* I* 10 g 8-dd-B presacake (20 g dry color) 4 1*0 g zine liaoleate 4 20 g oil* 'Twelve passes over hot ink mill* DUP050316396 aeasur the manufacturers of the mill* reported that the elearemoe an aad stater to be 0*000 taehes* the r*pa* with ao load to be aad the motor to be a s/4 horae-power motor* ia 8*888 laches and the width la 0*98$ iaehea m that the ar eeaieal surface of the rotor Is 9*89 sfr# Inches. With a 9$ slurry @f B~660 as ia Oase 8, pa appliestiea 74S-K, (85 parts color, 19 parts dlbutylphthalat castor oil)t the ammeter reading is IS*SB wfciah mates the ea feres oa the mmtm* of the rotor 0,0260 horsepower per aqua: stalered to 0*099 horsepower per square ineh with bo load la 0*SSS horsepower per square lush with two liters of water i: *VS DUP050316397 mmirsm bt * BY* FXEBt DAWS The investigation of flushing Mfe&l' continued is the laboratory the past month* the Berlin Laboratory reports that Maroons which were submitted to them last month for direct transfer method of making Nitrocellulose lac definite evidence of more rapid transfer* However,, mildly interested in this particular improvement now able to obtain ready transfer with the ordinary pulp*, Marly in the month it was shows that alkaline coupling',HT304D, while apparently fairly; series, showed considerable variations from time to prone to give colors not up to standard as has been time* On the other hand, the aeid coupling gave sU tinetorially and seemed to give more nearly duplica sample of the pellets from such a color with 75 % Iffa salt was flushed by a customer who, while maintai: interested in a practical way, still insisted that which should be interesting to many, especially in ease of flushing* A variable in alkalinity of coupling, shs##,. rather confusing results but seemed to favor low alkallnifet<'iSfc IPfefeiing pellSt formation. As in previous series, adding varnish after development gave strong, clean tints with onlfc slightly darker masstohes, '`whereas adding it to the Na salt gave dark, bright masstones and sffohg,'blue tint* Attempts to add the varnish during ov after development with regular agitation gave poor incorporation of-pie varnish and very slow flushing* However, it was discovered that boiling fee eolor, while not materially aiding the incorporation of the varnish, did not seriously change the color tinetorially. The incorporation of the varnish i this manner was pcved in another experiment by adding part of fee varnish to the $ 3t and the remainder to the finished product. JJbwewer, the varaidB in the fFa salt, even in small amounts, results in tinctorial changes fells fee full effect on the ease of flushing is not obtained unlei# a laWge part of the varnish is added at this point* A very interesting experiment1 completed the work by studying the -effect of mineral spirits on the ease of a eolor from fee pulp in a change-can misfefe* It was shown that spirits (76$) in the pulp results in a very material reduction DUP050316398 *& time needs ear7 to obtain tie transfer said a clear b# la added to the pulp In the mixer. There is some desalt elimination f the volatile oil later, however. Alio previous indications as to the light, soft, fluffy obtained by drying such a treated pulp in the oven, spirits to the Ha salt results in tinetotial changes moss obtained with varnish. SAelseonIontekbogorikndIsfldltr X88-1T8. * mm. 466*44* ' A series to study the duplioabil "buffered alkaline eouftiag" HT#S64# treated with 7S #0 in the Ha salt. The series cheeks well within itself but with some previous results both tiao torially and in ink There must be some controlling factors which are not yet ua< The inks are recorded in Grind #4881. 486*48* Xh this series the "acid coupled" I need with ?S@S #0 Seg. farialsli. in the Ha salt with a study in the-cheeks are excellent. Tinctorially the series is far super! anything obtained frsfe the buffered alkaline coupling. The maaal are dark and bright and the tints strong, blue and clean against standard. Flushing im r^ry easy and rapid. This method mast be The' inks &m recorded in Grind #4S21. 466 *46 This.was a ecmpreheasive series te determine the effect of alkSalinity of Coupling with the Varnish added to the finished product on a Lightning Mixer es well as to the He salt before Wm StHfce. {Couplings as in 48 series). Hnfertunately the control to the 48 seriee was out of line as to pellet formation and showed poor settling, Wi^ this exception there is some evidence in favor, of low alkalinity as pro moting pallet formation. Tinctorially, inareasing alkalinity gives yellow tints with some slight depth in messtone in the dry colors and very similar results with those flushed colors in which the varnish was added to the. >,. , finished slurry. With the varnish in the Ha salt, the flutes is quite qpNfei erratic. Adding varnish to the finished color gave seme depth in masstone with strong clean tints which tend to be yellower than the dry controls. However, then the varnish is added to the Ha salt the mass tones are much darker and the tints bluer. All the flushed colors have better finish than the dry colors but the inks are not wtstendiag in other properties. The inks are recorded in Grind #4882. 469*47. This series was run to illustrate the difference in amoiStd speed of settling when vartish was added to the Ha salt. The inks were made up as usual ant show the typlft||' DU P050316399 8** differences between flushed and dry color inks* However* ink was a rather poor check to a previous ink made in the The grind is reeorded as #4523. 449*4. A sample like 44-0 |fairly high was prepared for testing by a customer. In this ease our gf: 46GS very closely. The customer flushed the pellets^ and a of his paste then adjusted to the same pigment content is ve indeed to 4SS as flushed In our laboratory* The inks are reeorded in Grind #4523* imzMs. In this, series Tarnish (V6$) was a< (1) Ha salt* (8) ^TT1f5twvelbmeat temperature was reached ant at the end of development* Bevelopment was at 65G and also a boil* la every ease ordinary paddle agitation was used* There was evidently quite poor Incorporation varnish when it was added after the strike* Seme large balls on stirring* with much fine material which did not appear to be with varnish so that the separation on the ink mill Was quite po#r some color was lost with the water. The colors with varnish in t#& * Ha salt behaved in a very typical fashion throughout* '. . ::: "i" The most significant thing about the series is th$ discovery that the "aeid coupling" lithol can be boiled with relatively: little change in properties, which will probably result in considerably easier flushing* The inks are recorded in Grind #4324* 4ff-5Q, This was designed to overcome the peer incorporation of the varnish in the 49 series by addin* small amounts of varnish to the Ha salt and adding the remainder to ms slurry at the boll* 10$, 25$, and the usual TB$ varnish were used in the Ha salt* The desired better incorporation of the varnish was obtained* However, the ease of flushing appears to be feinted to the amount of varnish present during development. Likewisit as more varnish is added to the Ha salt, the depth of masstene and blueness of tint ais increase* This is in accordance with previous results# The inks are reeorded as Grind #4523* 4MMBU In this series the use of mineral spirits as m flushing assistant was studied further. This time the colors containing mineral spirits were filtered without the addition of varnish* Filtration was extremely rapid. Part of the cake was dried.and compared with an untreated dry control while the other part was flushed in a change**, can mixer with sufficient #0 Reg. Varnish to give a 40*S ink, and compared t an untreated pulp* O (dry) and C-i (palpj Had the mineral spirits added by a Lightning mixer to the finished toner while D and B-i had the mineral spirits added to the Ha salt. h# mineral spirits in the pulp very definitely improve the ease of flushing in the ehange~eaa mixer. The break came in . i.fc*filgfft|n-l'......il* if*|| n ' DUP050316400 .. r *r, wy minutes as compared with approximately 20 minutes pulp* There is some uncertainty as to how success spirits Is eliminated during the passage over the detail could probably be worked out* The amount of ie net indicated* The treated dry colors were soft ahd more time for mixing with the varnish* When the oil the development, the inks were dark in masstone* were slightly lighter than the dry controls* This use of mineral spirits appears The inks are recorded as Grind #dSS6* A jiSfriK" : * -i. ;! 71 '* `Is jlfsii' ***: m H0-1 *rV* ' '! &*. 'I.-;-* ... j.frfb'**' VN&. *?*: : : A Jb* 4T-* -5' 5u- I ^ 'i , ^fr` ,* $,,/t * v' " w,, * :?r i . DUP050316401  pmmm com* warns,mcm SBBSSITTBD ITS d `Fixas APPROVED BY: DATE: 0 IBIBCgmgIflg As outlined in the September report, a alternate methods of manufaetur tag a dry substitute for have bees examined and some further investigations made Of the methods of making a dry substitute far _ as outlined in the September report, tee are definitely poor lar Ybe molybdo-vana&ate type shoes very poor dispersion in rubber give no further consideration* The CS-7736 method using Yiel Blue BO shaded with methyl violet also appears weak in rubber aii' seme tendency to bleed in parchment* The seme combination of dy<t apparently can be used in the Blue YD Base formula to give result close to that obtained with Victoria Blue R in this last method, there is some tendency to weakness* It appears now that the parol bleed is eeaneeted with the method of strike rather than with the used, fair duplicability has been obtained on the Blue 1 method with Tie tori a Blue R and sufficient sample is available for testing if it is decided to set up cm thi* method* The sample ia almost Identical with Blue YD in shade in rubber but it requires about 115 paff#to equal 100 parts of Blue W* One attempt to improve this strength by increasing the dyestuff was not successful beeause of poor dispersion in rubber*but it is planned to make further efforts In this direction. If this improvement continues to be unsuccessful the product mentioned above (451-65} will be submitted to the Rubber laboratory for test. See notebook #461 - pp* 160-169, Mtag-MEiM, - K-rn (molybdovanadafe formula) was tried with snitabHe modifications for use as a rubber fm Behpl- Blanc Fixe-Biglyool Stearate} using combinations of fffpiria Pare ,,|lme BO and Kethyl Violet* Although thne daessiirreecd. range orf rreeddnes*s w<p '" all the products showed poor dispersion in rubber and tife tint, lathing further was planned* dais-- - Viotoria Blue BO shaded wi was used in the XE&-WTW meelthod and compared with Viotco^fa the series covers the desired range from red to grefi lib weakness and dirtiness as it becomes more red, Beet is bleed into parchment paper* This color does not appear DUP050316402 r,,,, 14>a` sv" *8 A aeries to determine Blue YD Base formula with the special treatment for : in rubber* The checks are only fair but lose enough for development. fhe series was mixed for use as a at. `"'r S00 parts of S3 equal 175 parts m signs of bleed late parchment paper* by using VictoriaASiu55l%A imua BTOhe smhaedtheoddwaisthuMseedthiynl VSBiol, close match in shade with Blue IB but is slightly weahe' If Victoria Blue B should be unobtainable, the method of probably be used as a substitute without difficulty* .......................... An attempt to increase the method by the increasing of amount of dye used# control Is very strong In rubber which may be explain^ In rubout the series is in line as expected with Ineroa Eobever, it reverses itself in rubber so that the moot poorest color in rubber. These results appear so plsat to repeat the experiment as soon as possible* t.v . DU P050316403 PIOMPIT COLOR RESEARCH REPORT BBS LAKE yOH KUBBIR. r s u b mit t e d BY: APPROVED BY: '/ F1H: DATS: IHTROBPeTICM Three batches of this lake were made is as a trial of the formula and to build up stock* Only " wariations were mate is the formula* m Standard formula gate a product which yellow by rubber test compared to BLHMMt*!)* This was lubber Division* An increase in alkalinity of coupling yellowness both by rubout and by rubber test* Addition of the blane fine to the beta sa] Instead of to the coupled soda salt gave no improvement* althougi slightly yellow, is probably elose enough for sh Some runs are planned for the semi-w o t to obtain additional blueness in rubber as it appears of current product is in the opposite direction* -i- V J 1 mol charges were made on K-7764* 45150 - standard formula* Rubout * vs.bluer, v*a*yellow and strong, v*s*stremg, s*yellow and clean* Rubber. - vsyellow* to to# 4S675 - increased caustic soda in coupling from 94 Bobber - 5$ strong, yellow* 45841 - cheek 45150 except add blane fixe to beta aaphthol solutie* Suboat - vs*light and bright, **yellw and clean, ve*mtrskg, yellon & clean* RUgber 0*K* strength - *yellow* V< :!i DUP050316404 f *> by* AFPR0TO BY: M PARA fflSQ - BfflDL : wtm* wash The Bara probl A The diazotisation process} B C - fit preparation and property .one femoral Far a led formula* was continued along file function of of Para F; X> - The sti A - Method of diazotlaatics #8Y*44 1mm be eonsiatently satisfactory. Imparities occurring in the F beam shown to produce light, yellow masstone a, Phis inf! siderable, Biazoamino compound formation probably- occurs ^a tisation of P.H.A. A series was run in Which measured amounts diazoamino compound were slurried into clear diazo solutions coupling. As anticipated from earlier studies of this aubst observed that increasing the amount of diazoamino compound in produces increasing yellowness in the color, and its light-fas ccrrespondingly decreased, The presence of di azoamino compound led - Blue shades, appears to be quite definitely contra-indioat stirring may prove helpful to plant diazotisatiens. P.B.a . of a which would give a cleag^diazo solution would help materially in obt< consistently satisfactory depth of masstone and brightness. This report terminates mis phase of the prubl ! B - The conversion of to an RT*$$p type has effected by crystallization from toluene*, frolilioweda bcy frlio<oen*lat' i*on glacial acetic acid. It has been demwonstrsated that PFaarrse V and Fara Red may be caused to oo<*feinipiittaatte from mixed organic solvents. It is of interest that Farm t and Para Bed exhibit mfirprlsingly similar crystalline structures, both occurring as plates of parallelogram shape hinting at isomorphism* It seems not impossible that finre Toner and foluitine Toner may behave like Para Bed with Para F. The conversion of m to am type of Fara has been effected without alteration of particle n|ze tm previous reverts it was stated that an alkaline Wash would rembVe Fare I fra the pigment, and so it does. However, previous ssMes wire not washed completely free of Para f. In this series, an ItwSe# type of color in Paste ferns was washed continuously with eaustic until it showed only small amounts ef Fara F retained (l.S days of washing} The tenacity with which the Fara F is retained indicates that it Is probably present in the micelle, The slurry was then treated with acid to convert the residual Fara F, by nature of its indicator action, to its light shade and the product obtained was definitely of an type* It may-' possible to obtain shades considerably darker thah those previously produced/ -- . The evidence available appears t indicate that functions in co-p Ipitation with Para Bed* 8T* H.O* young has DUP050316405 ? while Is definitely crystalline, RT-7Q-D is f.f defined agglomerates of varying thickness* regularity* It was of interest to determine if shades varying to an RT*?0*D type could be obtained by varying the 1 incorporated in the pigment, from the two series I# to be entirely possible* The bleeds from these series ting source of investigation since the? stay be volumes and the Para F salted out or precipitated t and determined quantitatively. Probably, with m smooth exponent! el msmm may be obtained but In the data are by far foo^naccurate to permit vigorous However, the general trend may be indicated, and if ted that the percentage of the Para P retained by sees wtith increasing amounts of Far a P added, going and then felling off* This appears to be in accord end kinetic concepts of eo-preeipitatlon* More accurate lines would be of practical value in determining the in the addition of Para F* it Is noted that Para F eh is unavoidable due to its water solubility! is n Mono Acid F Is incorporated than when Para P Is in accord with theoretical considerations, and is the following reasons: (1) It indicates a greater Para F, The darkness of masstone among other be a function of the amount of Para F present in the experimental evidence indicates that the only effective eat in the micelle* When present in excess the diluent at low pH values since under such conditions than Para BedBlde shade. At high pH values this 1 separate as a blade solid* s been observed that the rate of filtr&tion th increasing Para F content and that hardness of Increasing amounts of Para F incorporated* ftalent means of removing Para F, hot water d water least effective* coupling of P,H*a dlaeo to monosulfonic acid F Coupling Is rapid and complete at high pH values* tained from media of high pH are blaefc* those from are yellow-green in color. These observations notorious variations of Para Red with pH, and the previously stated concept at the indicator titles and methods of purification of Para F were of purified and crystalline samples were made asges invalidated the method of analysis* Xt d method of purification and to decide cm if the blue shade it imparts to Para Reds* Jrl ><^i DUP050316406 Samples of Para F of different parity produce variations in the dark Para Beds obtained* Purified Para F produces consistent results and yields darker shades than an equivalent amount Of Mono Acid I, due, presumably, to the fact that the Mon Acid F is impure * Purification of Para F may be considerably simpler than purification of Mono Acid F* This phase of the problem appear to be of considerable control value* Ten. r HOI coupling according to the method for Fire Toner produced Para Beds - yellow shade,which were light and bright versus RT-22*, but very weak. Incorporations of Para F and Para A Soap (hydrolyzed by the acid) produced a very soft, taftn*Mfc dark Para Bed* This product was brown, dirty and weak. The method had the further objectionable feature of requiring five heaps for coupling* Consequently* this method was discontinued* A method of campling was developed whereby the WS was kept in alkaline solution prior to coupling* thus producing smoother and more rapid coupling with attendant diminished df'heo decomposition* (Coupling concluded acid to Congo Bed but net to Clayton Yellow^} * It was hoped that thus the brightness of ed coupling might be obtained. The product is a distinct imprqilpfrfc wen RT-22-B in brightness and strength. Coupling is half an hour* This method was then extended to include, by incorporation of Mono Acid F and Para F* The producer are lighter in masstoae than those obtained from alkaline ____irT;jr Since this method of coupling is rapid, produces particles wbfbh filter more rapidly than those obtained from alkaline media, and' produces bright pigments of good strength in good yields, further? investigation is indicated* arknes s may result from alkaline wash* In all cases hiting was emitted, method 3?644 was used for dlazotisation and coupling was carried on under the surfaba* The effect of this last factor appears to be negligible, but eanmot be determined until a stable procedure is decided upon* At the present time it is act feasible to dei#K. between the new method of coupling and the method fJS#rSc formerly used in the production of dark Para Rifs* This method produces Reds of the RT-22* type slightly inferior to the new method, but superior dark Para Beds, but these filter much more slaw#- fRan those obtained, by the new method* It is hoped that all the advantageous features may ultimately be incorporated in one proebd.tir%" The influence of Para Soap is quite significant. In general, its presence in reds of the BT*2- type inr#asea the strength but causes the masstoae to become brown* la these bmdfb its presence is contra-indicated* In the BY*?Q*D types. In alkaline, or acetic acid coupling media its incorporation is essential* It increhsea strength, but unlike its action in BT-2g*> types, it lightens masstones* It appears to produce softer texture and to out down the rate of filtration* This phase of the problem is to be considered further* DUP050316407 As concerns yields, it may b ta treatment which tends to remove Para F {from the R' such as alkali, or hot water washes will cut down other things being equal, the use of Itera Soap tend and it is believed that this increase is not solely of the Para Soap, but rather to its protection of is See fotebooks #2?6 and #400. Series 2?8**$Qt fkm influence of impurities Series 896*018 The influence of the P*HA. diazoamino Series 896*88s Interconversion of RT0S8*D and RT*?6*1> Series 296*838 The presence of Pars F in the aggl Series 898*548 The purification of Para F* Series 896*85s Shades between RT*22*B and RT*90*D by riiagul the Para F incorporated Series 276*568 Continuation of 276*55* Series 896*87$ A single basie procedure for the producttgii:o types of Para .Bed* - ** Series 296*S8t Ink evaluation of various samples* Series 298*59$ Mono Acid F couplings* The preparation of Para F* Swiss 296*608 Acid couplings in both Shades of Para Series 876*6X: The influence of Mono Acid F and Para method #896*660* Series #90*1j The influence of coupling pH, Para Soap under the surface* Series 495*S| The influence of different samples of Para F* I;/?" , * '''> v <*& I *r i i nis > i ,r<i ' ' * $ \, ' s"i '> *>. ijtl ** * * , V' ..;r .U (A * wfl#* ^ DUP050316408 mmmm s q l q b r e s ea r c h mmm . Q&i&im Lima, SUMTTID BY: APPRROOVVEESD) BYTt ft- rnmcmoTim 5h alciua lithol problem was object of stabilizing the straight TOB * BH formula SBMMABY M COSCLISSIOBB The duplieability of the straight ,, 472-32B, was found to he unsatisfactory. Consequent!] directed towards finding the reason for this inst&bi the effective changes were made in the coupling and that the coupling reaction should he complete with no present before the strike and the development. Small diazo were found to produce dark and bright masatoaei reductions, but the light fastness of this product w lighter yellower product. Larger amounts of free di ntasstones. Duplicability whs poor whenever the coup] free diazo* A coupling at 00 gave darker, bright bluer colors by virtue of the faot that free diazo was Coupling at 5, 10 and 18C apparently gave complete the results were similar to each other* k 5$ excess of BSf was found to be satlj respect to the coupling reaction final results* A very concentrated volume of coupl duplieqMllty, Increases of SO and 100$ over the 478*1 light, dull, weak colors* Elimination of the ammonium chloride solution and addition before the strike, as well as gave light, dull, weak products* Too fast {5 mins,) coupling resulted M masstones* Coupling times between 10 and 30 mins, gave ,,*1 results* Increased temperature of development ab$ found to produce dull masstones* 50$ decrease and increase in the rQXwm*-were without much effect. A duplieability run on formula .. all of the above 'favorable variables, wes very satisfj the varnish rubout and rubber standpoints* As a color, it is lighter, about equal in strength and ye! DUP050316409 RTS79-D* It disperses- well as a toner in tetter than RT-579-D tut like most toners it e tm duplieablllty, Sr tended with bianc fixe, tbs rery good diversion in rubber, being substantially and in tint but slightly cleaner than RL-408-!>, Of Rf-379-O showed poor applicability* The phase of the problem dealing of a more dependable formula and a better diapers! lithol lake is now considered completed. A formula submitted to the evelopmmt Section* The next part of the problem will the development of an improved RT-379-B for print!: ^ purposes and will start with the 47S-SS formula as BI3PM fflttBL Hotebook Ko. W%. Series 473-48 mereaae....iB._ 70%, 80%, 90%, 100% The increase from 70 to 80% was i 80 to 90% and tendency to a lighter, duller masstone* formula) Series 47847 mmtez- test Consisteney of this formula was found" a toner as well as lake on blano fixe* Series 478*48 Tariatlon in ooupl Coupling at 0%, SoO, 100, and 15' Temperature of D and 0 gave a dark blueish tint of poor light fastness* H considerable effect wee noticed Hi coupling temperature between 8%, 10%, and 18C* Series 478*49 Variations in the A 10% decrease from the theoretical increase over the theoretical amount* A 10% decrees# lighter duller masatome and loss in strength and showed no considerable change but seemed to give A 10% increase resulted in a lighter duller mas stone Series 472-60___ f couplings) 50% decrease, normal vol*, decrease showed a tendency to darker shade; 8 resulted in lighter, duller mass tones and poor stre DUP050316410 *8* Series 4?2-51 Variations in A 80$ deerease* normal* 50$ and Ho considerable effect with 50$ j&asstoae* A 100$ increase showed a tendency to Series 4?2-53 Increase in agitation time addition of ammonium ohloriae* to strife* llimlnatin& ammonium chloride in eoi Complete elimination of g06lm in Ho change between five minute and tbi: agitation with ammonium chloride* Eliminating ammonium chloride in couf'f^rf^ complete elimination resulted in lighter maastone and t&m-- Series 472-64 . Sunning diaso into B*N* solution duri minutes. Ihe rate of 5 minutes showed a tendency to masstone, no considerable effect noticed by the coupling IS* 1% ant 3# minutes* Series 472-55 (modified 472-52-Bj. Duplieabil mmis satiaf'acfSry a as lakes on blane fixe. (Satisfactory dispersion in r Series 472-56 Buplieability test on da* ffee consistency of this formula was very Notebook 472 ** page 102-125* '* 's* W'well ;$ : |ttantard fos** i DUP050316411 . Pisiwre c o l o r mmmrn C&LCIBtt LXTHOL TOUia Bg-373-B SBBKTTSEB BYj mOTO BY: ' ZBTRQPBQTXQg Three batches of this calcium LithoX Toner under Development Section supervision. Bark, strong required for shading purposes. Control on this formula continues to he satisfactory hatches made this month being dark, strong and yellow as require!^ A new standard formula has been written to correspond with plant practice and will he released on completion of a plant yield study. A satisfactory 2434 Ih. mix has been made, consuming most of ; tf4* ** . ,,>.w' j i last month's production, and a mix is now in process that will consume practically all of the remaining sub-standard stock. production is tabulated in Table 1 and the min in fabHp IX. DUP050316412 DUP050316413 BARItM LEEHKL TffBtet Bg-364P S0BHITTS3 BY* 1^ . , APPROVED BY* Xm<WB8B Production on this toner ms continued in tJaef^jS: 3>evelopaent Section supervision, a total of three Blue Material ms required for shading purposes. A (RT-364-D, alkaline coupling:) was also made to fill Bye Works. SUMMARY & -gOTSmiOJ The first two hatches were made to cheek prowl except that the ammonium chloride was put in 10 (after the addition of the coupling alkali). Th# as?; anea on the formula used is on the acid side even wi sene of the ammonium chloride buffer. Tests made over a 10 minute period as coupling continued to test variations of from strongly alkaline to a tracg tion of the ammonium chloride showed no effect on ling. The first "batch was dried as has been recommit elopment Section at 140P in P & S dryer, dark. OK, and v.s, blue and dirty vs. the standard, was dried at 16001 in the brick djryer due to lack of dryer. This batch gave weak, v.s. yellow and dirty at the higher temperature usually gives yellow result count for the results secured here. The third batch was made to check the first two e^Tapt that a 3 lb. increase was made in the coupling alkali (S6# - order'te stabilise the completed coupling on the alkaline Me* iffig completed coupling was strongly alkaline which was buffered ra; . frawi}' trace acid on stirring with ammonium chloride. The reeT4r%h#i|olor was v.s. weak and v.s. yellow vs. the RT-364-B standard. work will be continued in an effort to find a variable that consistently give lighter and bluer results* " The batch of RT-1&7-P was made on the standard formula (alkaline coupling) and gave satisfactory results. The batch has. been approved by the Byeworks and "Shipped, production on RT-364-B is tabulated in faille I send BT-127-P production in Table II. DUP050316414 DUP050316415 p b mm c o l o r mmmm LIGHT CALCIUM PtfOL TOKBR BT~i susmrsm b y * $$& APPROVES BY Bevelopment section supervision of plant produotfcijisf color is being continued. A total of three batches were5 early part of the month. Material required was slightly" <$, and strong material which is the type moat easily shadable^'i? process will be turned over to the plant when a yield sfcu$y plated. Ml & OQHOlaJSIOHB All three hatches made this month were made on a formula ing previous production except that a mixture of I rvkfcfc B rosin was used. The use of the iff rosin increases the depth of the product. Results on all of the batches wel tory. A new standard formula has been written to eorsra|q^d .feffli "" plant practice and will be filed after a plant yield has been eoapleted. Mixes have been made consuming -the majority of produc tion, the total weight on two mixes being 31S4 pounds, production is tabulated in Table 1 and mixes in Table II. DUP050316416 i i DUP050316417 vsamm omm mmmm msmt BARS GALQIUM DBOI, TOBBR saacmsB b y Pismovm m% &t lift lateMs were m3 in the plant under supervision. Park# strong, yellow material was quired for shading purposes. In the last series plant had considerable difficulty in making satis: a number of light, muddy and blue batches being variable was then recommended by the Bevelopment lowing batches are based on the dark, yellow batch, time (see batch 45170) wmmmY & Gwowsmm The first three batches made during the month formula to check a previous dark, yellow batch lot of Tobias acid, lot 151, was used in this wing to errors in manipulation, the results on thealthough satisfactory, were considered inconclusive made to exactly check the formulation, although the light in masstone, ground out v.s. dark and yellow. The fourth batch was made to check the above gallon (about 2*t%) increase in development volume (4: variable is used to give darker material but also give bluer results. The resultant color was darker m lower than RT-284-B standard. In an effort to improve the strength which equal to standard the next batch was made deereas$n|| 15 pounds (180#-165#), and using the high devel of these variables tend to give bluer results ti although dark and strong was also blue. Two satisfactory mixes have been made suming most of current production together wilh i of blue sub-standard stock. Another mix tatalp^nig made but remains in sub-standard stock as strong to pass as standard material. Production is tabulated in Table I add aMaaaoEMii r e t a il s Ta%ie ill. If.B. 488, pages 6-10 , v-V :v- V DUP050316418 j DUP050316419 ( 8821 1 # , BF gimam <mm be3bc s bipo s t YP-324-B StTBffilTE BY: mmsrm b y * ut imaptjgfi FII: BATBi Semi-works study on this color was resumed in cooperation a member of the Jackson Laboratory staff, A study was also results secured by adding' the barium resinate to the toner af ling instead of coupling in the presence of the resinate. TM study was made to determine the possibility of adding barium re to jjyeworks Hansa Yellow couplings to produce a satisfactory to lake * A toner batch to check the etai d YP-324-D formulation but omitting the barium resinate and i.................,, . th.e acid in the a...e...e...t..#* acetanilid solution before coupling about 50$ (1.3 - 2*0) resulted is, ;f a product dark, dirty, .strong and s,green t s , the YT-291-B stan(%|^l Most of this batch was dried as usual at 140P in the Preas dryer, , A portion dried at 140P - 50$ humidity in the P & S dryer was but much weaker, redder and dirtier than the control and darker, ^ weaker, redder and dirtier than YT-2fl-B standard. pH test after coupling of this higher acid type material as compared with the stand- ard formula was about the same (t In the next bat eh a toner batch was mad to check the above, but at the end of coupling the YP-324-B standard amount of barium resinate was added and the mixture stirred one hour. A toner vat control sample on this batch was lighter, v.s. stronger and v.s. greener tfe#SRt&e vat control sample from the first batch, but remained dark, green, and dirty vs, the YT-291-D standard, The toner lake mad fr^p.|obr was light, v.s. weak. v.s. green and v.s. more apippp, YB-324-B, and light, v.s. weak and v.s. more opaque thaaa on the standard YP-324-B formula (except for the sli aid, see next batch). : ' The next batch was made to check the above Skcept-.Slit Ibis wtFl resinate waa added to the aeeto-acetanilide afif3&t$8. hfgii# e^jtlliig (standard manipulation). The resultant color was'UR in strength, vs green and about equal in transparency vs. the The light results secured in the case f the aederid batch in which the resinate is added to the toner after coteiiphg checks previous results (SW-S807)' and is desirable except for th^ :,leitliiiiy toward weak ness which is noted in both cases. Besults are tabulated in Table I. DUP050316420 DUP050316421 .iimwi*-' 'l ri1-. msmmfMD vu ^ mmms b t * b a t s * ^Io b e b ^^Is # .** .. U'ii0 attempts ware made to purify the Byewof&s* Lithosol Bordeaux SL paste but they were, unsuccessful in o* material equal to the BUST type* donseqnently a large sample of K-74GT was prepared from General* a Bello Bordeaux iU paste* in evaluation was made of tie combination alpha naphthylamlne Mono Acid F as a possible substitute for Kelio {alpha naphthylaraine 1:5 oxy sulfonic acid) <r. 4ft mms. Purification methods, sueh as clarification of the.. caustic soda solution of the dye with Horit and Filtered and subsequent precipitation by means of Salting or acidification* were unsuccessful m obtaining a produet similar to the Lithosol Bordeaux BU paste* As a matter of faet very little improvement was obtained* It was decided to abandon further attempts to purify the Bye-works* dye because Jackson Laboratory is contemplating a study of this problem in the near future* However* in order that Philadelphia could continue with their study of the blending possibilities of the manganese toner of Hello Bordeaux BE it was decided to prepare ,a large sample from General* s Bello Ippdeaux BLA paste* Vv - As a possible substitute for Bell 8#rdi|pfcx J&j . the combination alpha naphthylamine - mono acid S'" was mips afd-the' barium* calcium, strontium and manganese tonere were piefared' 1j|i#efr<*m* These produets were uninteresting tine tor tally and were'Shf^ier'ih" erties to the corresponding Hello Bordeaux JS& tonjins* fhoy wire Oer in texture, worse in baking resistance* they $li|d more in lacquer and were dark and brown compared with the calcium and' manganese toners of Belio Bordeaux BL immmmmjmms.... notebook Bo. SOS (XfoluxVigMmtw)* gggies i0&e40 was an attempt tf purify the Byeworksr* Lithosol Bordeaux BL paste with the object of obtaining material equal to the BEG type* The methods* which were employed* were clarification of the eaustie soda solution of the dye with r: and Filteroel, and without isolation of the dye by salting and by preoipitati M wit acid* DUP050316422 g- The above methods were mstteeeas^u^ clean and light manganese toners obtainable with tile Very little improvement was obtained* aeries 5Qg41. was tbe preparation of of the manganeseW___S_S__T__s_SnSat*o ~Bord-eaua--t BLA paste of following formula I4f, This sample will be submitted to smpd&% for further tests in "Bnlnx,* - notebook Wo* m (BOlio Bordeaux) .. _ 4 ----------_--------------- fcsisted of the prepare barium, 'calcium, strontium and manganese toners of the e^ alpha naphthyl amine - mono aaia ? and their evaluation a oalcium and manganese toners of Hallo Bordeaux BL Tine tortally these produotaymre uninteres eompared with the corresponcfmXi_o___B__o__r_d_e_a__u_x__ They were hard in texture, bled in laequer and were poor ip resistance* ? % I* -YiVvVl^-i: V iA f . ;< A- DUP050316423 m c<a-QR iLJ^ftOV'S& BY teJwss>?r. o WIXMt DAfEi The study of this formula which was 4th to increase depth aad brightness of current pr. continued la the Semi-works, Variations consisted of type aid aomts of materials# Although ao outstanding improvement has depth amt brightness, several leads have been obtain#! ' helpful in production of standard material# Dark produets with slight brownnose reducing the final eaustlo soda addition SO#, and als hydrochloric act id used in the strike with corresponding caustic soda# The first of these variations is worth on account of the effect of the final boiling with current batches, this development is necessary beeauspe point the toner is undeveloped unless alkalinity of quite high. However, in eases where the toner has i additional boiling with caustic will lighten the pr amount of caustic soda may be more satisfactory in ei Use of a formula which has b to produce dark material of good brightness did not results as have formerly been obtained although the < factory* This was the low alkaline coupling formula excess of BOH and no redevelopment of the toner, this formula was increased a light bright product this variation was not successful in a plant trial* .<"$$ Products of exceptional brightness together with light* ness in lacquer were given by use of triple amehjht of Sfdlum aeetate In the coupling* There is a possibility that a combination of this variable with one tending to give depth would result it* an improved * ! A 60# increase in amount of calcium chloride appears to give additional depth without decrease in brightness* Used with faNr* Dot 31, it resulted in a definitely darker predict than usuallf"oiiSfned with this lot* Doubling the amount of sodium nitrite added f diluted soda salt tends to cause brownness in lacquer without j increase in depth* leion* M* l AaWt&i isifc DUP050316424 **s<* of a mixture of S03& T0, resulted in a light brown product Replacement of Wfa of TOBW with a slightly light and brown lacquer test* Mixtures of TB Regular and Broiler using the following amounts of the latter isomer - *** The lowest amount equalled standard in depth hut was at **S5g a lighter hut noticeably brighter product was 1056 a trace lighter but definitely brown product rei amounts of Brearners Acid are being tried in the expem ing better control of the process than by use of Tog# Turkey Bed Oil purchased from Jacques grodoets slightly lighter than those obtained with Reworking substandard material as desqr: gave unsatisfactory results on two batches tried* became slightly dark and brown and a light brown batch change* Y - :*{' t L DUP050316425 o to 4 to .8Oi QU O W jg * 43 l I &*> m * 43 to j%+teor > H J 4H m 43 to M% to to n H*4* to Ok ^"^f08tr & AwO k m " & tOok <O0k to $&4 to hm to I 43 to 1j jfc " ** m to toot t Ok Otok 0* 0#1 ** jg* * o A A H89 888 i? A ia* 3 3to* i $ jps#?i a S *tt%oo 28A9 ft **4 Sr - $-.OB to"Sto 8 to to *f>fl 8 *&# fitSt 1 to S ! si In O* t&o $,i to P * @ fSWtOpo HyAf OSto k% <_3N_ Msfi lSt*ao33A a*** Si Hto MTgtfogt** S. a * A& 1 to Oft ft ft* | 4i Yet?** tmo ftto tWo Jtso?ft0o3 M & S I & Pm sl I** fet k to ft > to DUP050316426 '* T sgsaxTJs b y : J Js^XKOfSB BY: ' aBEEsm<aaBag Two "batches were made in the plant under Bevel' supervision. Material satisfactory by lacquer test fill existing orders. Variations in drying and grindisSg duced to determine optimum conditions* The first batch was mad to check batch 44076, the plant formulation. The batch was dried and ground as 45 g 6 45560 45561 45562 2@8# lump Dried in plant at 16503P. round in plant ser, 3250 KHff, 1/16* soreen, multiple hammers 06# lump. Dried in SW at 140F. round in SW, 12* 3500 r t m, 1/16* screen, multiple hammers 112# lump . Dried in plant (P & S dryer) at plant, 12* pulveriser, 3250 BPM, l/l multiple hammers. 48# lump. Dried in plant (p&S dryer) at 140P. r 12** pulverizer, 3500 HUE, 1/16* screen, hammers. The results of this series showed that drying at 140P in or semi-Works together with Semi-works grinding gives the suits, 45560 and 45562 were both v.s. dark and OK in brjf lacquer vs. the HT-354-D standard. The other sections oS gave light results vs. the standard. Lacquer tests on the -i%t;-||cmtrols made from -the split batch (necessary to split coupling and develop in two parts because of high volume. These two psftf; irs.miasd in the press) showed vry dark results vs. EY-3S4-D stassfpriUT&swe is usually about one to two hours difference in time of deyfeledfext Of the separate strikes and the half developed first is of the two. An effort will be made to have these di JJi darker nearly approximate each other in time, but these* ^ by-apprexiate-eeh-ether this is difficult because ofof steam for heating both to boil at one time. The second batch was made to check the first major por- tion of this batch was dried in the plant at anC'grounS in~ the Semi-Works (coded batch. 45740). In order to shook the previous drying and grinding study, small portions were treated in the following Ban ners 45741 dried in Semi-Works at 140 y. rou&k in the Semi-Works. 45742 * in the plant at * *. * plant* Results on the drying and grinding studies, checked fairly well the Semi-Works ground material being v.s. darker than the plant ground- and the drying in plant and Semi-Works at 140p again giving check rbsul%f-:* t2*&, ':;a DUP050316427 .2 Unfortunately, however, all of this material was X test vs. the RT-354-B standard. 'The slurry vat lacquer test vs. the standard hut an attempt rmd& "to control tests on h oth hatches using samples taken hgf the same time as the Control Laboratory sampleb ` results being considerably lighter than the previous were still on the dark side vs. the standard. A has been set up as being sufficient to give satfsfsblte washing has a tendency to give light material. In these batches a considerable loss of depth caused by physical operations (washing, drying, and gar: results are secured by low temperature but rapid by low speed grinding. As these operations are being ly as possible in the plant no reasons can be given ft# results secured in the second batch. A 2300 lb, mix has been made, the preliminary which was OK in lacquer but the final mix tested s.l: standard. Results are tabulated in Table I. mnsm 3t a il s f.B. 473, pages 177-179. ,,rv"m DUP050316428 DUP050316429 PXSMMT gOLOE RESEARCH Bam b t -i mw.TZ'sm b y i M^mmm b y * , xpmcpgcTxoy Production has been continued in the Serai-Worksthree months on strong hatches of' BT-ISS-D for a A total of eleven hatches are reported this month., the the material being mad during September. s t o ia r y & cem.xoifa Th majority of this material was made bn a fgaiigg previous production of strong material. A control '* on spotting after strike was used to insure the material. Rubout results were satisfactory, strong material in practically every case. Two mixes have been made totalling 45? lbs. of erial and successfully consuming 54 lbs. of very weak material. Production is tabulated In Table I and mixes in ? DUP050316430 DUP050316431 M DUP050316432 iwumjmaunmm mm, &mmrr& b y *. gemorm m% WHMi BAYS: OOT. lt$S* Evaluation of pi_ te frem the dye, or toluidln - R-^alt, E-7943, was re d this month at y Other studies included orientation on a number f new and intermediates, new methods of cowling aryliaes of he naphthoic aei&, an orientation exprantfammM m the preparet: from copper phthalecysiiime and me dispersible figment Scarlet Barium tioa of lakes fr Studies of the effect of a number of variable <m carried out with the object of obtaining a muotr softer much 8 monger ptigj eeat than the original produoitl `hu't t m seerlften in depth of macstone and blueness of shade* Altheu^i softer and pigments hare heen prepared, these improvements were accompanied hy an appreciable decrease in depth of m&sstoas said bluoaees of shade* It found that me dry pigment inoreaaec in depth and blueness of and decreases in strength as the texture Increases in hardness* flushed inks in all cases resulted in very light, bright* yellow and strong products compared with inks prepare? from the mf pigments* Even in the cases mere a soft try pigment was obtained, the oorresposding flushed product was much lighter, yellower and much stronger* Xt any be that this dye, diazotlzoe ortbochlorpi-rateluidlne coupled with Rsalt, possesses eharaoteriartios ggaftle* to those of Starlet m (a-xylidine - R-Salt) and requires a substratum in Inking* Since the flushed inks are much lighter and yellower than Para Bed B Rf-Yd-B, the merit possessed by the original da*k*blu bait msk MBdS appears to exist no longer* me tinetorial proyertie f Hie flushed ink may be taken as the optimum which can be expected in Wm dry seat* Although this product i0ferlght red of yellow shade but of fair light fastness, much of the interest therein has been lost* A lake of the above dye prepared by the figment Scarlet ftVtll-D , preeedure possesses md merit* Mention was made in the September report of the under acid conditions in the presence of sodium acetate, of dl asset' 2:8 dlehlsraniline with the anilide of 2 napbthel 8 carboxylic Yhe good tinctorial properties of this pigment which resembled led, prompted a study of the effect of substitution of other of beteemsyh^holc acid for the anilide* It wee found Hint nitranillde, paxa-ohloranllide, ortho-toluidide and the beta would add couple to completion under acid conditions and in of sodium acetate* However, oouplirng was effected with di preseaee of sodium formate at elevated temperatures, but the products were of no interest* DUP050316433 la the fast the preparation of pigments in form, tram diazotlzed meta-nitn perateluidine and arylldei;- oxynaphthoic acid under acid coupling conditions has not it has now been found that coupling at . with proceeds readily and to completion under acetic acid eon presence of sodium formate at ordinary temperatures* 0 not go to completion under conditions of sodium blearboaa and under acid conditions in the presence of sodium acetate, elevated temperatures. The couplings under the above acetic sodium formate conditions were very unexpected as were the pigments and their general properties. Whereas, B.B.P.T. with t anilide of beta 03lynaphthoic sid snider caustic soda-soda ash alkalinity results yela Bed rath in texture and which bleeds distinctly in linseed oil, the pigment obtained by the above acid-formate pntbwidny is very much lighter' brighter in mesa tone t somewhat cleaner in shade and tint, except! soft (tale-like) in texture, almost ngn-bleeding in linseed oil gives much thinner and smoother lithographic inks possessing no fqlse body* Similar effects were obtained in the ease of fara-ni' ortho toluidlne coupled with m^UMm of beta-eay^napfctfcoie acid difficultly soluble susta-aitraaill?e of beta-esyHcedl^hoie acid e with diaaotized K*H*F.T. under the eid-forats condition* The preparation of Toluidlne Bed. coupled with |dta-&afhthol, acid-formate conditions resulted in a darker, slightly bluer bat product than obtained with sodium bicarbonate coupli The mexpeftad swm&tn obtained fey aeeti'e^nsM-sodiun f ante couplings of li.U.F.T. and ?4f.0*T* with aryildes of B*0*H. appear to be of sufficient interest to warrant further lavesbigatfoh* with the object of applying this type of procedure to other types g,'hMhift-oo dyes* Studies ware acratinaed on the prepare plgneata from water dispersible Barium Toner of Pianos1 product# superior to those of previous experiments worn still fa.l1l far short of KL*tU<*e Although they ?igaen dlehlor benzidine with The dyes e< calcium toi possessing prepare* are deep Substitution of meta-ehlor-para-tolui ohlor psratoluidine in led Toner, K-7843 resulted in less oleen shade product than S-7S48* Beta ohlor p with beta naphthol yields an oil soluble dull orange Copper phthalooyanine can be prepared dispersible form with the aid of dextrin or rosin sae, it appears to give more uniformly oolored alumina hydr&t#; the regular paste. & sample of copper phthalooyanine by Jackson labor story when flushed into lithographic v to be vary much cleaner and much more brilliant in DUP050316434 -55. prepared from the dry pigment. Therefore, evaluation of % Laboratory samples are now being made from both the flushed pigment inks* Lakes were prepared from BriUian* Badeeysnime f. which precipitates completely on alumina hydrate. The lake, equal aniline matter basis, is stronger end mueh redder then Lake, BL-72-B. While the lake from Indocyanine 0 Is fugitive fi'J nevertheless. It is much less fugitive than BL-7S-P. Mixtures Sf lakes of Indocyanine G and Brilliant Milling Green $ resulted in i appreciably duller product than B1-7S-S* Preparation of dyee* b B-478, exp. mA p if#* . ,,srf study of the effect of para soap. sM* amp. *MmW Effect of variation in the quantity of h mmi m *P-48f., exp. i, p.ft* .. Effect of boiling strike, HM0V, exp. 6, p ll Effect of volume of strike. ES-487* exp. 10, p.36. Preparation of lake by BL-8H-B preeewe# NB-487, Effect of reverse and direct s^i^,^^-^^f^exp.S,p.l8. with Pigment By#stuffs f diaxetlzed 8*8 4lehler@nil.kae coupled ide of betaoxynaphthoie acid ~ie of bsbguixy&sphhhde acid betAbxynaphthoic acid and f beta oxynaphthoie add m p. Caustic Soda* Sansfic sofa-seda aeh* sodium hltfarbemate, acetic acid-sodium acetate and acetic aeid^eedium formats eeupLings of &s ! *. * - ftpMMU-iMt ..IT p.14 P.K.*T. - Haphthasil 8*. mf exp. p*8B . M.E.P.T. - Eafhthantl A.S. K.S.P.T. - Eapbthaail B.S. J WOm 4S7, exp. 12, p. 40. - Beta Haphthol. EJk* 4S7,, exp. 11. p. 88* Lake from water dispersible ffgisiib gdarlet Barium tone*., *.. 476, exp. 85, & 88, f*4N0 mid lift respectively* Pigments from tetradtdaed 8*3* diehlerbenzidime ceuplei with betaoxynaphthoie add (Ca and Ba toners}* 6 sulfe betaoxynaphthoie sold (da and Ba tonera and alumina hydrate lake) and If!11!**** betaoxyaaphttoie add* M.B. 4f6, exp. 88, p, 184* . l -JXC * |*e ! '".bOR DU P050316435  :!U y'I>A- Subatltutio* of aeta^olilorparatolttiaijie f#1 os? paratoluiaiae la Bet Toner, K*7848 Preparation of .M 01PT * BH amt 0 01 If - B^ *B* 476, e*p. 86, p. 188* beta-aapbthal. Sapper Phtfealeeyaalae - K*l. 487, exp. 8, p* V. 4a atteapt to condense oMor-butaaieae wink al BB 4?* exp* @t | 22* _m _ J^aBes of Lltbesol Brilliant Blue 1 ant Wool iolds* KB* 487, exp. 6, p. 8* 7, p* M* Teats a purified DuPoat Sspblftaatl B.S. B.B.487, lakes of Brilliant IndooysMne 8* IrB, 487, exp. 1, . <k& ': ' d& 'M& I ( DUP050316436 'm^r . Sk --21tmmv otim mmm .**4 s u b mit t e d b y * APPSOWD BY: Mmmmm____ FILE: DATE: omSaSlggZ '' ' y*'*'> >a * ,,,, ** . ",jy$' Some work was done during fell is month prepare a match for Ansbacher-Siegle* s range Lake (G was reported to the laboratory in Service to Beaeareh S74* The sample of range Lake, G-38G38* Ansbachar-Slegle, was examined and found to contain barlfm, chromium and its organic coloring matter was identified as (sulfenille aeid - BH)* The analysis, therefore, indiea cmoicdruoostcwoapsic a barium salt examination of Orange if mixed with showed probable presence some e; of chrome not orange) Accordingly a lake was prepared by preeipita' of Orange II with barium chloride on blase fixe* This lak$> dry mixed with additional blase fixe and YSPS*D was a very for tine torially and in light fastness* Bpoa request from the Service Depart large sample, an unsuccessful attempt was made to repeat experiment starting with a different shipment of Orange II investigation of various shipments of dye showed a wide variatiim masston depth and brightness, and in tint. The matter ha a been e to the attention of the DuPont Dyestuffs Department* A straight barium toner was prepared with good texture and lightfasteess, and with satisfactory yield, tal3 the dry toner was only about 8$ weaker when compered with the toner pulp. In printing ink tests it showed superior qualities to Permtone Orange YT-841-p, being aonbleettng and better in light fastness* The barium toner was also better in light faatlaws than YLIfG**B* it Lakes of the barium salt were made <m alumina hydrate, magnesium earbonate, blano fixe and a phosphate! alismlUd hydrate* The precipitation was incomplete in the ease of the ph0s|ftdte&ltydrate base* The lake on alumina hydrate was darker in masstoam, !p.uir in tint and worse in light fastness than the blane fixe and the magisala lakes* The barium toner of Orange II qppears quite promts as a cheap, non-bleeding, moderately light fast orange and deserves fur^ study* V ; 1 notebook Ho. 307, pp. 178-191 it ft tg* 44-6 DUP050316437 ms-jxvmim Qsmmm sam mb s b l -is i-b BY8 C. BY* BIEB* BA* MHmmm There baa been xm production on this color over the g~~- ... months, but a total of 25183 lbs. has been mowed from stock in the last two months in mixes composed almost ent" plant material that has been in sub-standard stock for a per'idd*^" nine month to one year. wmmeuusumim. TSwee batches, which originally were red and dirty is tint-' almost every ease, were re-sampled and rubbed vs. the BL-151-33 by the Bevelepment Section. In every case the tint had notice improved being greener and cleaner than the original (by eCasparisi with previous rubout results vs. the standard) and in most cases o-hly v.s. red vs. the standard. A possible reason for this improvement in tint is that most Of these batches were over-dried, which results in red and dirty mater ial. On standing for.a long period of time, however, the possibility is that water has been absorbed, changing the type of hydrate in the lake and giving the improved tint. Experimenta run a year or so ago in an effort to accelerate this change by exposing the lake to a veryhumid atmosphere and by slurrying with water and re-drying were un successful . Tabulations of the hanged results on these batches are in fable I and the mixes are tabulated in Table II. DUP050316438 DUP050316439 k j b. mrimz. mm TBt* wmmm. Production of this color was transferred fro the the plant hut still continued under Bevelopraent Section One 1800 lb. hatch was mad to fill an order from Bailey Company . mmmci & QmsimiQm .^ One hat eh was made in the plant using the standard '"'*1 K-7579. The toner control was satisfactory, rubbing out strong,: red and dirty vs. the BT-96-B standard. ":S ^"vl The lake Baade from this toner did not give as good reaul has been secured in the Semi-Works even after high speed pulver A grinding study was made in both plant and. Semi-work with fairly satisfactory results, a 1918 lb. mix being made which e the majority of this batch together with 67 lbs. of Semi-works factured sub-standard. *; erase cheek readings made on the grinding study stow that the ' ov use of stirrup hammers with high speed grinding rather than multiple hammers gives stronger, s.green and clean results. Increasing the speed still further and substituting the herring bone screen and again using stirrup hammers gives ws strong, vs green and clean results. rinding - study results on this batch together with the satisfac tory mix are tabulated in Table II and production results in Table I. B.B. 45?, pages 3-31 I4M I Bet tdh 454#0 baafcat. mmm$itb DOT Toner Control vs. BT-SS-B sow J&.Q.1 J,^, z&m&s s r ..j b Sbe*.ttedL XieM W-3&1 3 a.dk s.str,s.bl str vs red I860 1778 & rty aasa^-J3gHB&! Cheek HE-149- Std .formula DUP050316440 I i DUP050316441 r-^rr P1GKBFT COLOR RAW MATERIAL scrspraE BTi AFFftOfSD BTi The items out steading from last all bean tested satisfactorily* ' * .;. This month ninety shipments of r&w received and sampled and have the following stataut? and found to he satisfactory; 4 satisfactory when p two awaiting completion of analysis> and S3 reported Five shipments were tested in the laboratory and 1 satisfactory* However, these1 shipments were used suitable for present requirements* Material Sammies Samples unqualified in previous re; RMS*1406 - Supra to1 t ,a *) Hart, pro RB@*1410 - Peratol J '.-,*/ . ttesatisfactory. Six samples were received this month awhile tpe following statue* MBB1458"- R$aXt - National Aniline. Satisfactory* EfflBX460 - Alkali Blue Water Pulp - SherWinWiliiaas - Sot workable on standard formulae* m&l lot 6 - Waphthamil BS. Purified) & lot f lift lot 8 tf n to n 1464 lot 9 tt Wrom m&omt Setistfaetoiry* gL'V* , W*:V :"4m> i&f* ^ "jmmm, m DUP050316442 Afl'.' ' ;> > !!* "ii-M r s e mi>w o r s s ; wsmaTsm b y ? IWOW BY: imOTOYIOH , 81 hatches of 19 different colors Octobers these included 18 batches of RT-354Dt 3 fear RY~105F, 8 batches of Y*S99-B, V batches of Y-l of MM*# RT*3541>, Maroon Toner * Sixteen u b w a study of the process undertaken to eliminate broenasllla test# Two batches were made in an attempt to rework pi ` material* * / , RT-84SD, Dual Red Three batches were mac material suitable for RT<*10S-P* RE~341*B, Dry Dispersed lake - One batch submit to customer in finely ground fora as K*7999* ~590<*Dt Pigment _____Lake One additions^ made in a trial of th- e "E.7f99770 toner formula* Yg99.j>, Medium Yellow, Five batches were made |t$ continuation of the development'of a lead nitrate formula and in' a of washing conditions* Y-18CWD, Light Yellow - Three batches were made m a trial Of a new and improved formula* Y3B9, Medium Yellow - Seven batches were made in continuation of the study of this process* Y-309-D, Excelsior Yellow Three batches were made in a trial of fen improved formula {E**803l! YP~3g4B, Hansa Yellow Lake - Three batches were coupled in cooperation, with a chemist from the Byeworks* Y9s*003, Molybdatea Orange - fwo batches were made in a trial of the formula for this improved type# G~389B, Chrome Green XL <* Fifteen batches were mads in a process study for the purpose of obtaining increased strength* GY*#79gS<*B, Greening Yellow - Two batches of G-S89-B yellow were processed without being blued due to excessive redness* GL-407-D# Treated Figment Green#. Two batches of this lake were made to study the process and to obtain stock* .V';- DUP050316443 : , <| ' ,<V % Stifle** ' ff"5 h -.. _ JtNiu GE-405-B, Bispereed clay color - Om fcateli was mats v-V met&me<i Greens.- on* b*tn sack to fill an order for GX-80ia^P frote Cawgolonm Haim* }VN GX-S09-D - Dark Sxtsadad Groan - too batek was made, one being treated wttk castor oil fm use by 3# B-6S-D* Cfcinaee Blue - Vi8 portions of plant bln# ware grist .in tk semi-works .in a stnfiy of drying conditions* ,,, 44 grinds of try color* & gnats of palp color and t fixes were made ia tk Besearek Ssai-Works for bk plant daring Gttdber 1939* nw-s If 14 S 9814 14897 m 748-S -1879 2&*i9 r;' '!':\r ;/v: . Vfc # , ;:| , ;;V :\ i V' 717*8 1 < -1 1 111 IT" Wf'li B* lankes 781-8 i* 754--S H- te# t- v ie rr rh i. t '"f DUP050316444 b -68-b G$-405B Y-299-D 19 ao so 20 20 450 157 h b -s o o -b YP-3S4-J> I-SS4B YP-324-B 157 54 100 ltY-3S4-B S~$6-B blue llq, Y-38t-& G-3S9-D 157 172 m YO*S0Q3~D m BT-3E4-D im 17 167 40 52 too -i*B 0-589-B !9w5S4-B Y-S80-B SS-5S4-D 0-589-B Y-819-B Y-299-D . 0*559-0 BY-5 54--B OX--798S-B Y-509-B <H,47-B n 0X-7826-B 0X-7827-B QX-7829--D BY-S54- Y-809-B RT-334-D W Hi m 109 m 109 172 157 157 178 109 109 102 150 48 48 525 147 156 109 180 172 109 B-68-D blue liqt * -- B#-8S4-B 109 Y-180-B' 158 0Y*792!I-B 168 .JSftt t..Mak, 10 20 20 20 20 410 154 * m iso 54 112 JUUUL 100,0 100*0 100*0 100*0 100*0 98*1 m 98*4 98*7 100*0 102*8 158 170 U 178 150 47 m 118 104 155 178 115 155 118 172 157 187 160 120 117 149 141 56 520 157 145 115 147 158 114 m 118 165 162 m*t 105*2 101*5 100*0 DUP050316445 r m -i DUP050316446 DUP050316447 wp--wy 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 1 1 2. 2 detotaar 19' Code Lba. 91 If It ft W ft ft t* ft MMMM ft ua 109 112 70 85 no 117 115 no 15 10 181 118 300 U4 no no 320 MS' MO i^.,a 671 tf . 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 8 2 1 1 a 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 Y*.97D T-S59- 1294 1 a 4 O-589-S 4 ft 1m 172 172 2 w 175 2 * ' 171 2 4 % 300 8 4 01-7925-0 149 8 i R2-390-P tt 409 490 2 2 0B-405-D 1400 1 Rt-105-4 BT~7i#8-B V!0*2104> n t* 10 81 51 29 84 palp Dry 1 1 2 2 fatal Palt Poet 117*18 114*87 7*17 7.83 #$2 u*m 47*78 M$s 3283.47 189*15 - ixl:' DUP050316448 * / ?*'***F'" ' .a*' iW` :' BBM3yimAT.. ^S8fered from Seaii-Worlcs la atokaa* !##* Toner# gXttG&lQ'T Ymll&m $149 3.919 F#T,-&*Tsmtrn Tonal 136 10,0334# fi:/ ' & 4* ' - : tj '"k :I ' v:: ' , . f. :*r * .* " v:.!, ... **..._.; - t'W'- V IKS'**"-'** afi-:-; r5fe, / :^r>. sU:. ' 'HP DUP050316449 jfJ * 4* fH :*:f $ iV ; as; A* 1885 f/ IfKHHIM. i a 184 " .i"- ' e s ^mi -b 11 IS BT-S42-D 10 *' ills. J&fa. -888*15' m$ x-im*tk " 185 Ml, ASfti. Ms4r 16 m-mom-v s 0-38-0 ' 80 16 " 1P-324-B 114 -.11 0L-40VHP' 184 ST-7888 88 BT-1S5-B f 118 RT-7745-D 80 180 QS-309-S 500 f DUP050316450