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I
TECH N ! CA
BULLETIN
LTLT^'rv'xrc.za* nrr-
AROCLOR* PLASTICIZERS
: A aerial of inert, chemically-resistant. fire-retarding 1 _ plasticizera compatible with wide variaty of raaina.
| TICHNICAL BULLETIN 0/PL-3MA .i
I
Monsanto
MGNS 073159
AROCLOR* PLASTICIZERS
A series of inert, chemically-resistant, fire-retarding plasticizers compatible with wide variety of retina.
TECHNICAL BULLETIN O/PL-306A
MOItS 0 7 3 1 6 0
CAUTION: . eetir.no
Toxicity tnd Safe
Handling, and Environmental Haxiarda, on page 12.
H..o..v. MniPr.n 'ii* s . ih( i n..i .iIt u.<,.*H1n*1Kw*aitit in
or AMT MOBUCH .irikitb (V - 1.1'NII *1 uiiw.ifttf I.VH1 > .flew* .M m*.
toiinm..iniim.
> iimtin lion '
Orvtnia Chtat.riH OMtien/lOO M. Imdlwrth Blvd./St. law* MaMvri S3IIS
Introduction Ssljb<lry '
The unique Aroclor plasticizers are among the most versatile chemi cally produced materials available. One outstanding characteristic . inertness -- makes Aroclor useful in many ways for many different applications. The major benefits offered by Aroclor include:
Chemical Resistance Fire Retardance Compatibility with most resins Nonoxidation Adhesivity Low Cost
Monsanto's Aroclor plasticizers comprise a series of chlorinated bi phenyls and chlorinated polyphcnyls. They vary from mobile, oily liquids to white crystals and hard, transparent resins.
Twelve of the Aroclor plasticizers, each of which represents a series, are discussed in this bulletin. An understanding of the system for designation of each Aroclor should prove useful in the evaluation of the property gradations among them. The last two digits indicate the approximate weight percentage of chlorine in the product, and the first two digits indicate the type of material, as follows:
12 -- chlorinated biphenyls 25 -- blend of chlorinated biphenyls and chlorinated triphenyls
(75:25) 44 -- blond of chlorinated biphenyls and chlorinated triphenyls
(60:40) 54 -- chlorinated triphenyls
For nearly every Aroclor mentioned- a darker, less-pure grade exists, vkii rbout the ui.iv pivoicai t.r.d cl.cn ical characteristics, but lower h ppte.
;
The Aroclor liquids and resins arc readily soluble in most common organic solvents and drying oils. Although all Aroclor plasticizers are insoluble in water, u..: hard, rrysiuhi-u- materials are generally less soluble than the liquids and softer resins. Solubilities of some Aroclor plasticizers arc shown in Table 1.
KONS 073161
TABU t
. souwums of ARoaos* rusnaaRs w various solkwts
Sclretl
Acid Acv: Acid Oie-c Acid flen.*oic Acid
'
Aldehyde 40% formaldehyde furfural
Amzior 1242
tre
Hot
$
s 10.f-
s s
--
11 vs vs
track* 1249
2S-C
Hat
_
-- 11.0"'
_
--
--
11 vs vs
And# 1254
2rc
Hat
ss ss
----
11 vs vs
Arodar 1299 CaU Hot
_
--
----
11 ss ss
Amine Anil-re Pyriuiee
s 132 S
$ 440s"
--
ss - 114wx 425"" --
--
Chlwio Jenraiives
Amy1 chlorides -- muted
s
s
s
s
S
S
Carbon Tetrachicride
s
s
s
s
s
S
---
Chlt.cr'srm
$ss sSs ss
C>ch-6ieihylene
------ ---- ------
Ethyi-<ie GicMoride 5 s s s s $ s s
Mdi.^hl?roben{ene
s
s
s
s
s
s ----
Orti caicr.loiaben;ene
-- -- ---- ------
T*tra:MweUiane
s s s s s s ----
TrichloteUiar.e Trichlorethyiene
s s s s s s ----
s s s s s s ----
Drying 04 Tung Oil Linseed Oil
$s ssss ss s sss 1 s
Ester
Amyl Acetate
sss sssss
8utfi Acetate
$ s $ %s ss 5
"Ccitosotvt"' Acetate
s
s
s
s
s
s ----
Cottonseed Oil
$ s s s s t----
O-L-Im Pr.'fcalate
ss % sss$s
Ando/ 4495
Cold
Hot
Andar 5450 2TC
SS s s vs
----
-- --
11 vs vs
--
vs vs vs vs
--
vs vs
vs vs ISO
vs vs --
vs vs
--
vs vs
--
vs vs
-
vs vs
--
vs vs
--
vs vs
-
vs vs
--
vs vs vs vs
--
vs vs vs vs vs vs s vs s vs
-- -- --
-
MOMS 073162
Orerthrf PfttMata
ss ss s
fthfi Acetate
Ss sss
ElM lactate
ss ss s
Ethylene Glycol Oiacetata $ s s s s
Methyl Acetate
ss ss s
Tncresyl ft.rjihate
s
s
ss
s
llhec Ethyl Ether
ss ss s
Etrer A;:ojo)
tubnci' CefmsiUt
224"*
s
Diethyteie Glycol
--
l.e' 0it.ydr9iy Ethyl Ether 1l.92rc
an** s
--
ii**
vs s
--
ss
vs 173** ss
---
ss I**
Hydrocarbon Bentene Ga&uhne Kerosene
Mineral Spirit! Parjtfi.? P;n* 0*` toluene Turpentine
Xylene
vs vs vs vs
2.6U>*
s vs vs vs
vs
vs vs vs
s s vs
vs vs
vs vs vs vs
2.0**
vs vs vs vs
vs
Vs vs
vs s vs vs
vs vs
vs vs vs vs
--
s vs vs vs
Hyaroir d-jfwativt* Ar:iy; A'Conol e-Bov Alcohol Ethyl A>:ohol (3-A) Glycerine Methyl Alcohol Phenol -- 90%
Keione: Acetone
s s
23.3*
1
42-5t
1M*
s
s s
W.O*'*
1
M.5"*
s s
--- -- ---- 11 ---- ---- ----
s s
10"*
1 1S-C
ss s
M.r.vliancotij Carbon Oisulfidt Nitrobenzeec Water
s $ ---- s s s ---- s 11 111
I -- Insoluble SS ~ Slightly Soluble S-SohiWo VS - Very Soluble. figurct iftow gramt el blotter H> 100 ouJtiliters at setveat at 2ST enta* etWwite indicated.
s s s s s s s
259"*
s
--
vs vs vs vs s s vs vs vs
s s
2I* 1
22J****
s s
s s
1
-
ss
1 --
ss
-
s
1 l
-- --
s
--
ss s
--
s s s s
ss
1 1 1 --
ss
1
s
--
1
-s ss s s v$ -- vs ss s -- ss ss
s ss ss --. s -- ss
s vs -- vs s vs s vs
-- 5.0
ss s vs s vs s vs
ss ss ss 1 ss
1l
-- ss ss
1$
s vs -- vs
11
vs vs -- vs -- vs -- s_ s--
----
---
---- ----
----
vs 143 vs -- vs -- vs -- s~ s-- vs . 142 vs -- vs 171
s-- s--
----
1-- ----
s-- s 260
vs --
----
1-
'
MCNS 073163
TABLE 2 CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF REPRESENTATIVE AROCLOR PLASTICIZERS AND RESINS
hopirty Appttrtncf
Aredor
mi
Clair, mobila oil
Atocfor 1232
Clair, mobila oil
Afoe/or 1242
Clair, mobila oil
Atortor 1244
Claar. mobila oil
Atoefar 1244
LiflM-ytilow vitttut liquid
CqIoi. maximum
100 APHA
*100 APHA
100 APHA
*100 APHA
'100 APHA
Chforint, pitcent
. 20.5-21.5
Avidity, mg KCH/q, maximum
0.014
Mtisturt, ppm, maximum
-
An. Coifficitnt of fiptnsion, ec/ec/*C 0.00071 (IS"-40"C)
Sptei/ic Gnn'tf
1.102.1.102 (20715.t*C)
Bmitf. pounds ptr gallon. 25`C
BaliitUm Btnft, X. coiricted
(ASTM 0-20. modified)
0.00 270-120
Intention lass. X. 100'C. 6 hours (ASTM 0-6, mod.) I6J`C, S noun
10-1.5
fluk Hint iCIaviland Opan Cup). *C 141-100
*F 210-302
fin fniu (Cliwland Opon Cup), *C 170 140
fex mu (ASTM E ST). Snittninf mu (ASTM E-28).
X 1 (cryuUli) f 34 (crystal*)
X-
31.5-32.0 0.014
0.00073 (2S'-100`C) *1.270-1.280 (25715.5'C) 10.00 290-325
10-1.0
152-154 305-310 239 400 -35.1
-
42
0.015
*50
0.00060 (20*-6S'C)
*1.341-1.392 (Z5V1S.5*C)
11.50
325-360
0-0.4 3.0-3.S
176-140 348-356
Nona to boiling point
--19 2
-
41
0.010
50
0.00070 (25*-6S*C)
*1.405-1.415 (65715.5*0
12.04
140-37$
0-0.3 3.0-4.0
193*196 379*364
Nona to boiling point
-7 19.4
-
54
*0.010
50
0,00066 |2S`45'C)
1.405-1.505 (65715.5*0
12.02
305 390
0-0.2 1.1-1.1
Nona to bailing paint
Nona to bailing paint
10 50
-
Btlnelin Mu. n D 20
20`C 1.017-1.010
fiunitr. Stcondi Sayboll Unlvcrml
(ASTM D-U)
100*F (37.8*1)
130'F (N4.4'C)
2T0*F (98.0'C)
*30-41 35-37 30-31
1.020-1.022
*44-51
35.41
31-32
1.027-1.629
82 n 49-5G 34-35
1.630-1.631
185-240 73-80 36-37
1.639-1.641
1000-2500 260 340 4446
MONS 07316*4
Atoelot tilt
Light-ypHo*. toft. sticky min
Arotfar mi
Atothr Ml
Llghtytllow sticky, viscous ruin
Cloot yollow sticky rosin
'ISO APHA
*150 APHA
*2 NPA (melton)
M
01.5-02.5
42
*5.eU
'0.014
0.05
M
0.00017 (Z0*-100*O
-
0.00004 (25'05'C)
-
0.00123 (25*-0l*C)
-1.SiSt.II0 (90-/16.S-C)
*1.572-1.501 (OOVIS.('C)
1.470 (25*/2S'C)
13.50 105 420
13.72 IK-425
12.24
215-300 14 nun. Hg)
0*0.1 O.i-0.0
cot 0.5-0.0
0.01 0.2
Noni to ktilino Point
Nom to bolting point
31 . SO
Nonoto toiling point
Nom to bailing point
MM
00
247 477
>350
>002
41 115
`40-52 115-125
1.047-1.040
1.0501-1.0517 -
Awfaf MU
Clser. light-yillow, rosin
*2 NPA (melton)
05
0.05
0.00001 (25`05'C)
1.070 (25725*0
13.01
230-120 (4 mm. Hg)
0-0.02 0.2-0.3
Nom tn boiling point
Nom to boiling ooint
*6046 140-151
1.004-1.017
Atotfor uu
Antfaf Ml
Am/m 1M
Black, opaque. brittls raim
n_ .
Clear, yellowto-ombor. brittle resin or flikst
*2 NPA (molten)
White te off-wMtn
pewUr
`1.5 NPA
(irattm)
05
50.5-00.0
SI
1.4 0.05 0.05
-
0.00005 (25`-05'C)
-
0.00170 (25*-I24*C)
-
0.00007 (20*-100*C)
1.714 (25*/25'C)
1.070 (2572S*C)
1.000-1.111 (25*/25*C)
14.44
13.01
15.00
2N-335 (5 mm. Hg)
43S4W
0.20.3
0.03
0-0.00 0.1-0.2
Nont tn boiling pilot
Nona ta boiling point
_
Nonntn
Nano to
boiling point
boiling point
__
*00-72 140-102
-
90105 200-222
1.660-1.66S
*tH-t7g (hsM 302-331 point)
-
000 050
1200 4500
(1607; 71*0)
90-150
--
--
--
*72-71
*86*100
300400
(2657; 130*C)
MQNS 073165
Density
All the Aroclor plasticizers are heavier than water, h valuable property for many application!. Densities are shown in Figure 1.
Speattia Volume
a
Flf. 1 - Oemitiss of Ateclet* Plsiticirtrs it Vsfioes Temperature!
The specific volume of Arodor 1248 at different temperatures is aa follows:
Ttmnntm , rn
0 100 200 300 400 600 600
Aioehi* 12/1 Spttllk fthunt /m/I//
0.674 0.690 0.726 0.766 0.780 0.626 0.670
HONS 073166
Volatility
Tha low vaporization loss of Aroclor plasticizers is indicated in Table 3.
TABLE 1
VAPORIZATION RATES OF AROCLOR* PLASTICIZERS
Plisticiw (Surftco /*: MJi :<?. cm.) Aroclor 1221 Aroclor 1232 Aroclor 1242 Aroclor 124S f/ere/rir-42-S Dioctyl phtliolote Attar" 21 Aroclor 12S4 Sht Attar 20 Aroclor 1282 Arsdor 12M Aroclor 446S Arttltr 8442
I44Q
Wt. Loss fiJ
0.S12S 0.2S72 0.0985 0.0441 0.074S . O.OSN 0.0284 0.0184 0.0047 0.0034 0.4024 0.0044 4.0034 0.0032
Ctpoiun tiorc
V) 24 24 24 24 44 44 24 24 24 24 24 72 72 72
Vsponmm Rets
(lisp, rn.lPt.) 0.00174 0.004874 0.000334 0.804182 0.000124 4000117
0.040047
0.000483 0.000014 0.000013 0.040000 0.000407 0.000QM 0.000004
Trictssyl phsopbste
0.0010
24
0.040003
It' is concluded that the vaporization rates of Aroclor plasticixen -- especially the most widely used 1254 and 1260 -- compare most favorably with the similar constants of other plasticizers selected specifically for these tests because of their low vaporization rates.
7WMiMllMM,laa
**fNfiMMrt et MlM 8ft
MCNS 073167
Vapor Prmura
The vapor pressures of several Aroclor plasticizers are indicated in Figure 2 over the temperature range 150* to 300*C.
*k
Temperature, *C Fig. 2 -- Veper Pismires el heeler* Plesticireis
The estimated vapor pressures of several Aroclor plasticizers at 100*F shown in the following tabic were determined by extrapolation from the values shown in Figure 2.
App/aiimata Vtpw Prasmra olAiecloi* Mutklnn fiiiniMtt uxr nvr c/
heeler 1232 heeler 1242
0.003 mm. Hf 0.001 mm. Hg
heeler 124*
0.00037 mm. Mg
heclor 1234
0.00008 mm. Hg
HONS 073168 10
Viscosity
The viscosities of the Aroclor plasticizers vary according to whether the base material is a biph/nyl or a polypheny! and on the degree of chlorination. In general the low-chlorinated biphenyls have the lowest viscosities (Figure 3).
MONS 073169
11
Tssfslty Aa4 Safa HeeSllet
Inhhtiu At ordinary temperatures the Aroclor chlorinated polyphenyls have not presented industrial toxicological problems. The hazard of potential ' toxic exposure varies with their volatility: the lower-chlorinated, more.volatile ones present more of a potential problem from the standpoint of both inhalation and skin contact. When Aroclor plasticizers are used at elevated temperatures, engineering controls must be applied, either by the use of closed systems or by effective local-exhaust ventilation together with general workroom exhaust. > Vapor of the liquid Aroclor plasticizers at room temperature should not be breathed in a confined space, and no vapor of any Aroclor evolved at elevated temperatures should be allowed to be dispersed into the general workroom. Inhalation testa on animals indicate that the maximum safe coneentration of vapor is in the range of from 0.5 to 1.0 milligram of the lower-chlorinated Aroclor plasticizers per cubic meter of air. The threshold limit values (maximum allowable concentration for an 0hour working day) set by the American Conference of Government Hygienists are 1.0 milligram of the lower-chlorinated Aroclor com pounds per cubic meter of air and 0.6 milligram of the more-highiyehlorinated compounds, such as Aroclor 1264, per cubic meter of air.
Stlii Cssrert Schwarts patch tests on 200 volunteers showed that Aroclor 1264 was neither a primary skin irritant or a sensitizer.
Prolonged or repeated skin contact with the Aroclor plasticizers must be avoided by the use of gloves and protective garments, because of the possible occurrence of s condition called chloracne. Although re ports of this condition caused by Aroclor are rare, it can be produced by escessive skin contact. If any Aroclor is spilled on tbe akin the aton should be wtehed in the usual manner with a soap solution. A burn caused by contact with a hot Aroclor should be treated like any ,<' ordinary burr. Aroclor plasticizer adhering to the burned area need ' not be removed immediately, unless treatment of the bum demands it, in which ease cither soap and water or repeated washings with a vegetable oil are recommended.
12
HONS 073170
twrinmutt/ Htttrto Aroclor 1232, Aroelor 1242, Aroclor 1248, Arorlor 1254, Aroclor 1260, Aroelor 1262, Aroclor 1268, Aroclor 4465, and Montar 1 all contain polychlorinated biphonyla (PCB) of varioua typci and in varyii* amounts. PCB rcaiducs in anwll amounta have been found In the environment and some studies have indicated that they may be harmful to certain forma of animal life. Extreme care should therefore be taken by all users of PCB-containing products to prevent any entry into the environment through spills, leakage, use, disposal, vaporisation or otherwise. Further, the products in which PCB materials are used, or which are formulated using PCB materials as a component, should be given careful study to eliminate the possibility that PCB might reach the environment as a result of use in a given application. Some specific applications where the use of PCB should definitely be avoided are in paints and sealants for swimming pools, paints and waterproofing agents in silos and other buildings where food products for humans or animals are stored, and as a component of any container or wrapping used in the packaging of food products
MCNS 073171
MllwlW___________________________________________________
Freight Clauificatim
Arodor 1221.1232,1242.
Synthetic Reein, Liquid, NOIBN
1248,1264, 1260,1262
Rail CUurification
Aroelor 1268, 4465, 5442,6460
Synthetic Reein, Other Than Liquid, NOIBN
Truck Clauificatim Arodor 1268 Arodor 4466, 5442,6460
Synthetic Reein, Powder, NOI
Synthetic Reein, Lumpa or Solid Maaa, NOI
Shipping Regulation*
None
Standard Container*
Arodor 1221
Tank car, 520-lb. tied drum, 60>lb. can
Arodor 1282
Tank car, 660-lb. etad drum, 60-lb. can
Arodor 1242,1248,1264, 1260,1262
Tank car, 600-lb. ited drum, 60-lb. can
Arodor 1268
200-lb. fiber drum. 25-lb. fiber drum
Arodor 4465
600-lb. ited drum, 60-lb. can
.
Arodor 6442
460-lb. ited drum, 50-lb. can
'
; Arodor 6460 (flaked)
60-lb. ba(
14 HOhS 0231"
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Taitllaa DMalaa
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3/70
HCNS 073173
