Document 7MqMYvzzJL27znRyemqjyG2qa

RECEIVED OPPT NCIC 2003 APR - 9 PH 2= 2 5 T R P Telomer Research Program 31 March 2003 Telomer Process Diagram for US EPA - OPPT AR6- lAG ASAHI GLASS COMPANY Clariant D AIK IN Contains no TSCA CBI Telomer Research Program Telomer Intermediate "Building Blocks" F(CFpCFP)nCH=CHp Telomer B Olefin __________________ F(CF2CF2)nCH2CH2OH Telomer B Alcohol Acrylate Monomer is the most common raw material used to create Finished Products F(CF2CF2)nCH2CH20C (0)C H =C H 2 Telomer Acrylate Monomer Vr V Finished Products a Actual process and manufacturing practices vary by company PFOA is not used or added in these processes Generally, these processes are closed and PFOA creation and/or emissions are expected to be at very low levels Telomer Research Program Telomerization was initially developed by the DuPont Company in the 1940`s for free-radical polymerization of ethylene. The process was defined as reacting a telogen, with two or more ethylenically unsaturated molecules, called taxogens. The product was called a telomer. Telomers containing fluorine were developed in 1949-1950. Commercial telomerization of tetrafluoroethylene (a taxogen) with pentafluroethyl iodide (a telogen) was developed by the DuPont Company in 1961. Starting materials for telomer based fluorochemicals are tetrafluorethylene and a perfluoroalkyl iodide. Of the various perfluoroalkyl iodides used in the telomerization processes, pentafluorethyl iodide is the most important one. The telomerization produces a mixture of straight chain (linear), even-carbon-numbered perfluoroalky iodides differing in their overall carbon chain length where n will vary from 2-6 and average 3 (or 8 total carbons). C2F5I + n C 2F4 => C2F5(C2F4)nl [or F(C2F4)n+1l ] S' Telomer Research Program In subsequent reactions perfluoroalkyl iodides are generally transformed either to perfluoroalkylethyl iodides, alcohols, acrylates or methacrylates, respectively C2F5(C2F4)nl + CH2CH2 => C2F5(C2F4)nCH2CH2l => C2F5(C2F4)nCH2CH2OH => C2F5(C2F4)nCH2CH2l C2F5(C2F4)nCH2CH2OH C 2 F 5 ( C 2 F 4 )n C H 2C H 2O C O C R = C H 2 (R=H,CH3) All these fluorinated intermediates are used as "basic building blocks" to incorporate the fluorinated portion into the final product used in the formulation The basic building blocks are linked either by acrylic, e ste r, ether, or urethane linkages to a variety of oligomeric or polymeric hydrocarbon backbones Telomer Research Program The majority of telomer-based fluorochemicals are used in polymeric form (e.g polyacrylics or polyurethanes) for treatment of surfaces and materials to provide oil, soil, stain, and water resistance to carpets [high molecular weight (MW) polymers] fabrics and upholstery (high MW polymers) leather (high MW polymers) paper and packaging (phosphate esters or high MW polymers) Smaller amounts of the above mentioned basic building blocks are combined with hydrophilic portions to create fluorosurfactants which are used either as specialty additives in such applications as coating and cleaning formulations, metal treatment, or as a component in fire extinguishing foam concentrates. Telomer Research Program References For a description of the processes used for Telomer products see: " Textile Finishes and Fiuorosurfactants," N. S. Rao and B. E. Baker in "Organofluorine Chemistry," R. E. Banks, B. E. Smart and J. C. Tatlow, Eds., Plenum, 1994, p. 321-338. "Fluorinated Surfactants and Repellents", E. Kissa, Second Edition, Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, 2001. Communication Process TRP member companies will meet with EPA individually to describe their US Telomer manufacturing processes and exposure / release information Initial discussions by April 2003