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RECYCLED \ cn l CD AR226-2669 AR226-2669 September 2002 Through August 2003 Air Dispersion Modeling Analysis of APFO Emissions (Revised) May 24,2004 Page 1 of 9 SEPTEMBER 2002 THROUGH AUGUST 2003 AIR DISPERSION MODELING ANALYSIS OF APFO EMISSIONS (Revised) DuPont Washington Works Facility Parkersburg, West Virginia Prepared for: West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection Division of Air Quality 7012 MacCorkle Ave, SE Charleston, WV 25304-2943 Prepared by: DuPont Engineering Technology (DuET) Environmental Section Wilmington, DE 19898 C:\c8\c8_0803_report_revised May 24,2004 1 September 2002 Through August 2003 Air Dispersion Modeling Analysis of APFO Emissions (Revised) May 24,2004 Page 2 of 9 1. Introduction DuPont conducted air dispersion modeling o f APFO* emissions from its Washington Works facility located near Parkersburg, WV. Modeling was conducted to predict long-term ambient air concentrations of APFO resulting from actual plant emissions that occurred during the period of September, 2002 through August, 2003. This report describes the APFO emissions inventory used in the modeling analysis, the meteorological data, the dispersion model and modeling procedures, prediction locations (receptor grid), and the results of the modeling analysis. Compared to the modeling report submitted on October 17, 2003, this revised report incorporates several revisions to stack parameters that were the result o f stack testing, and the refinement o f UTM coordinates. 2. Emissions Inventory The following emission inventory information has been assembled in order to conduct the air quality modeling: 1. Stack locations 2. Stack heights 3. Stack diameters 4. Stack gas exit temperatures 5. Stack gas flow rate or exit velocities 6. Detailed plant layout, including all building dimensions 7. Sept. 1, 2002 - Aug. 31, 2003 estimated actual APFO emissions All of the stack parameters are presented in Table 1, which shows the source representation for modeling purposes. The estimated actual emission rates of APFO, per source, are also presented in Table 1. Figure 1 presents the general locations of the APFO sources. 3. Meteorological Data One year of on-site meteorological data for the calendar year 1996 was used in this study. Concurrent twice-daily upper air data from the upper air observation station located in Wilmington, OH was used along with on-site surface temperatures to obtain hourly mixing depths. Missing data and measured wind speeds of less than 1.0 m/s were treated consistent with the recommendations made in the EPA's "Meteorological Monitoring Guidance for Regulatory Modeling Applications (1). An anemometer height of 10 meters was used for the modeling analysis *"APFO" means ammonium perfluorooctanoate, and for the purposes of this report includes the anion of the acid perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). C:\c8\c8_0803_report_revised i 4. Model Selection September 2002 Through August 2003 Air Dispersion Modeling Analysis of APFO Emissions (Revised) May 24,2004 Page 3 of 9 The area surrounding Washington Works is primarily non-urban. The U. S. EPA procedures classify land use within 3 kilometers of the site by the Auer method. Previous review of U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) maps, aerial photographs, and site visits clearly indicated that the area is well over 50% non-urban. The Washington Works facility is located within the Ohio River valley, and is surrounded by significant terrain features on both sides of this river valley. As a result, terrain elevations were considered in the modeling analysis. The Industrial Source Complex Short Term Model (ISCST3) was used as the primary model to estimate long-term pollutant concentrations. ISCST3 is a steady-state Gaussian model recommended by the U.S. EPA. It is included in the "Guideline on Air Quality Models", which is codified as Appendix W to 40 CFR Part 51. It is appropriate for modeling of pollutant emissions from multiple, industrial-type sources subject to significant building downwash. The downwash algorithms in the ISCST3 model provide a representation of the aerodynamic downwash of a stack plume caused by complex building configurations typical of industrial facilities. Refined ISCST3 modeling was conducted using one year (1996) of sequential hourly meteorology from the on-site observation facility, as described above. 5. Receptor Selection A Cartesian grid of receptors was utilized in this modeling analysis. This grid consisted of the following: Fenceline receptors with a 100 m spacing between receptors Receptors beyond the fenceline with 100 m spacing on a 5 km by 7 km grid All receptors are located along or outside the plant fenceline. A Cartesian receptor grid of this type is considerably more dense than recommended by the U.S. EPA in the Guidelines on Air Quality Models (U.S. EPA, 1998) for modeling a facility o f this type. Terrain, elevations for each of the receptors were imported from electronic files obtained from the U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) using die "highest" method to assign an elevation to each receptor. The receptor grid used in the modeling analysis is shown graphically in Figure 2. 6. Modeling Procedures The most recent version of ISCST3 (version 02035) was used in the air quality dispersion modeling of all receptors. All model options were set to the U.S. EPA regulatory default version o f ISCST3. The model was run in the rural mode since the land area in the immediate vicinity of Washington Works is more than 50% rural. Any effects of aerodynamic downwash caused by structures adjacent to each modeled stack were included in the ISCST3 modeling analysis along with a summary of the building downwash input files (BPIP). Air quality dispersion modeling was conducted on an hour-by-hour basis using the one year of meteorological data described above. The APFO modeling results were summarized for the annual averaging time period. C:\c8\c8_0803_report_revised 3 7. Results September 2002 Through August 2003 Air Dispersion Modeling Analysis of APFO Emissions (Revised) May 24,2004 Page 4 of 9 The results of the modeling analysis indicate a maximum predicted annual average APFO concentration of 0.70 ug/m3. This maximum is located along the northern property fenceline, along the Ohio River, at UTM 442043 E, 4346883 N. The maximum predicted APFO concentration in an area where people may reside is 0.17 ug/m3. This prediction is located at UTM 442600 E, 4347600 N, on the Ohio side o f the river. The results are presented graphically in Figure 3. C:\c8\c8_0803_report_revised 4 Vent ID 699 697 694 658 652 231 232 242 274 268 276 September 2002 Through August 2003 Air Dispersion Modeling Analysis of APFO Emissions (Revised) May 24, 2004 Page 5 of 9 Table 1 * * * PO IN T SOURCE DATA * * * UTM-E 442098 442128 442101 441928 441926 441953 441952 441945 441787 441774 441842 UTM-N 4346843 4346829 4346815 4346757 4346758 4346766 4346776 4346746 4346744 4346753 4346772 Stack Diameter ft 4 2.25 1.67 1.5 0.88 0.67 0.67 0.5 0.65 0.27 1.5 Stack Height ft 170 45 45 63 64 92 99 114.5 110 72.5 75 Stack Flow ACFM 12,000 2,000 344 6,478 4,031 510 710 1,048 718 100 5,000 Stack Velocity ft/sec 15.9 8.4 2.6 61.1 111.7 24.4 33.9 89.0 36.6 28.7 47.2 Stack Temp F 124 176 112 142 139 148 128 117 163 110 amb Actual C8 Emissions Ib/yr 1,463 0.7 1.0 55 30 1,950 1,975 537 860 35 0.16 Actual C8 Emissions Ib/hr 0.1670 0.0001 0.0001 0.0063 0.0034 0.2227 0.2254 0.0613 0.0982 0.0040 0.000018 R022EEF6 R022EEF86 R022EEF87 R022EEF89 442086 442069 442058 442063 4346624 4346627 4346634 4346635 2.5 2 2 2 47 8836 49 7540 49 1885 49 3770 80 12 80 0.3 80 3 80 0.6 0.00045 0.00045 0.0045 0.00045 C:\c8\c8_0803_reporl_revised 5 September 2002 Through August 2003 Air Dispersion Modeling Analysis of APFO Emissions (Revised) May 24, 2004 Page 6 of 9 Figure 1 Source and Building Locations Bldg' a C:\c8\c8_0803_report_revised 6 September 2002 Through August 2003 Air Dispersion Modeling Analysis of APFO Emissions (Revised) May 24,2004 Page 7 of 9 Figure 2 Receptor Grid Used in the Modeling Analysis 4 4 3 3 49000 48000 1 4- II I I - -- - 4 - - 4 - 4 - -4--H -4 -4 --4 -4 -- - 4 - 4 - 4 - - 4 - - 4 - 4 - -4--4 - - 4 - ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + 4- 4 -4 -4 -4 - 4-4- 4-4- + + + + + + + + + + + + + ++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ + ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ + ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ + 4++- +++...-+h++'++4;+-&-+^.+j,h+. .4+..+'4+.'+4+..-*+4+-+l4.-.:.4++!:-+4_-+++4+-4*r.4t,+:s+.+t+-'4t v+4-4+-4-f- ."+4-4'-4'- 4- + +' +,r+' +n+' +***,.+..+...+..+.. .........+..+..+..+...+..+..+v.+.--+ .+ + +. +++ ++++++-'++++'+++-+#^>+.+.J'%-Q+|'++3++'+K-+^A^ ,+/+%,+V&++.'+4M&C+. . - - ++++.-'hh!++'+4++ ,44;4'+4+-++-++'-++'+4'++,4++i#+4+++++',4++f _'++++-++'+ + 4%Yy + ++++++++++++JH ++++.+ + +++ + +4,'+.++ +'+N+-+>+ + + 4'+ +^-'++++-+ ++ + ---++++:+*++W+i4++.-++-++v+++>+ -+-i^'ih+f+4i-'+++-+++'+'+-+.+++,'+'++>:++U++-;+4+'4+-\vA++'<++Y++ir'W++ +++'-+++-+-++.-.+++--.++--t-^++--+++"[jf++c.++.+.v,.++.+-..r',4.++.;?^.++.+j.-+t.+4.!..+J+.4,..++r.++'j++E+3+L++';++&+++(++?-++t{E++T:+P+++".-+++++++ + + + ^+\^^'+'44^%4-, + + +++ + ++++ + +++++ + ++ + + +++++++++ +++ ++++++++++++ +++ +++++++++++++++ +++ ++++++ +++ +++ + ++ + + ++++ ++ +++ + + + ++ + ++ + + ++++ ++ +++ + + + ++ + ++ + + ++++ ++ +++ + + + ++ + ++ + + ++++ ++ +++ + + + ++ ++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++++++ HHH---HHHHH ++++++++++++++++ ++++++++ H---HHHH 4 3 4 7 0 0 0 ----+^44^>+4;-+1;'>44-.-+f-/+4;4>V+fc>iv...........4..-.4.--.++VJ?+",4*^i+H+P+4- +4- +4- .++ +4- +4--++ .4- 4- + + . - - + + + 4- + 44- + + + & * 4 'Z 4 y f + * + + + + + + 4M #^T 5- + + + * + * 4 - + 4- j f + + + 4` 4 - - H + + + + + + + + + 4 ' .?r* `. -----------------------------" --$-<^STOT-WTr'^'.T1 . 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TJ - JT- 'zJr- 'TJ . a--J-ilr.;-Jrt^ . -+i - -++++++?++++++,H+/^>%h*^#.j+f++4+++j4++4/f^+"-44++4'+/S,+'-+^+*,,:*^'4,,++'/+4^+3++++++++++++++++ +-++K+4++'+4+-*,f+-frc^;+^ +-4-+-n++++^++^5+'+- yw+Y +W+.+.4-+++.++ + + + + + - + +^+.+ ++++++ +^ 4 + 4 + + - 4 -_- + 4 1 + ^ + r + - . +....+..."..^..~...+....+.....+ + +k 7 i if7;-| + y+i +Y+4++++ -+++++++-^H-^+ +++i++*4+n*'g#+^'++jp+ta-lg%^M+++fe4N+-+++ +++ ++ + +++ +++ ++ + +++ +++ ++ + +++ +++ ++ + +++ + ++++ + + ++ + ++++ + + ++ + ++++ + + ++ + ++++ + + ++ ++ ++ ++ -+++++ ++ ++ -- ++++++-H ++++++- 4346000 -----"+++++ Y++++A++^+->+*-+4/9#f-++4f+*'++-4+++++>+^*+4+--b+,++'+5+'j/H++r'+'++++/++++++++++/+++++'.++4+++>*++.++,+++++..:+++++*+4-++1TM+++++$++++4.++++}-*4++++-_.,++++-+>++i'++*+++)++4++<++++M+^+4yy<-^+r+P.+..f++-'%+('/+-+SH4i+^i-M-^-++++!.'5<j+4i+rr+++t+%+:H++,+-^++:+.++i+4+^+--.^++'a-+W'+++^-'+++++S+++4++:+^++j--'+++:K''+++'++S4++^'-^,-+.,fC++e+:+++-++U++++:'+++++t:++++-+++-f++?+++-+-++++"'+>+++++++++ + + + ++ + + + ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ + ++ ++ + ++ ++ + ++ ++ + + ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ H- H 4 3 4 5 0 0 0 --------++++++++'. -+++++.^-,,4.r"A++,n-.+V^^4++>34\y+$4-++^^-+4+>;-gf4:++^j+^++ret3p,++++4-*+--'+++.+++++^++/++++++++(+-++*++f++++^.^:++4+++-++ftye<.+-&M+4+++j+>t/'^4*-++++++-+vP#--3',-++++++++t+'+-4++++++++++?+:J4+++++++-+L-^^+++j++++#^+<++++++++v+++++++++f+H.4+-+++++++^'^t+++++++++/4^^4+4^++++-;-#/./44-+++++++i-^%+/->4/+.^+++-*4-^+T-^t++++*+;--++f4;r^-++++c^fV^r+rfHi>^4++++-+m+-^y5-4l,T^+T++++rd^+4.L+4++4^+#"^4r"^-++'-4-+>+'4>4k>H+4>^+V++-i++++--,+++>,+++++++++.-+4^.++++++++^'+'++f+++++++^ct^'^+4+.+++++W--K44^+'+>++-;~h.4--H++s-i4+++t+-"+.-+?*--+4+'++--.+-^!++.s<s+'.+++ff44^fic4+-^-^+^<++++'',++-+4-+4;.++:+4-+-4.-'*4'-4^4r+++>++-;+r^+J^V++++4+t+4s+^:++,'4+++4++,ife-+4^+;..'+,++4+->4`^+-i++-4.14+++--+^^++:+++4++,H4+;..4+4+++'-,--';2.'+'++fi++fie;'+H+..+++++++v;V++++^+++++4W++++++4++-r'4*+++++++f^^4I!-.4++4+++++-+-,J^,'++.+>+++4+++'h^++++++++++- ++++++++++++++++++++++ -+ -F/+r^Sbl+ ++,++?+-+ 4?+4-jMMj4^f4- +-'-K+++ +4- ++-4-++ ++'+'4^ + +^4^++ ++ + ++ +++ ++ ++++ + ++ +++ ++ ++++ +++++++++ +++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++ + + ++++ +++ ++++++++++++-H- + + + + ++ + ++ + ++ H -- ++++- ++++- ++++- +++ +++++++++ --- + +/+'+r(^y'+'''+~'+?++(+'+'+~++'^4^+?4^+r4^4:7<?4-'-4^1i4;-+-^4v-+-,t'^ ,L4U+^^:;4?^-4f+|+4^+-++>4--`+|4--'+ ^ + ++;+ +'++ ++'-+,+++ ++++fr+++-F++*++ +++++/+ji++-++* +J-++++.+" -:+ ;+ + ;+ 4 f + + + + + + +<+ + + + -fk - + + j f + ,+ + + 4 '+ .+ + 4- ^"4- + I h f ^-4*+ + + + + ++++4 ++ -`++++ ^+ ++H+i++ ^+ ++.++ +++y+4i f 4 i + 4 - 'F ^ +-r + ^+ 4*- +++ ++ + ^ n+^4- 41+ ++-+^+++4-+++j ++!+i ++++^,'++++i.r-*H+!--4+++-4+-*--s++4'++- +++ + + + +++ +++ +++ -H- + + + + + + + + ++ ++ ++ -h + +++- ++ ++++^H 439000A i:'.' . ;' Mi-' ----- * - ,4 4 2 0 0 0 -i . .. ...-^ -----------* .........V>---------- * ....... . 444000 445000 .'.-''^toifoSfesoV' sP C:\c8\c8_0803_report_revised 7 September 2002 Through August 2003 Air Dispersion Modeling Analysis of APFO Emissions (Revised) May 24,2004 Page 8 of 9 Figure 3 September 2002 - August 2003 APFO Modeled Emissions Annua! Average Concentrations (ug/m ) Contour Interval 0.1 ug/m3 C:\c8\c8_0803_report_revised 8 September 2002 Through August 2003 Air Dispersion Modeling Analysis of APFO Emissions (Revised) May 24,2004 Page 9 of 9 References (1) U. S. EPA, Meteorological Monitoring Guidance for Regulatory Modeling Applications, EPA454/R-99-005, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, February, 2000. (2) Auer, A. H., "Correlation of Land Use Cover with Meteorological Anomalies", Journal o f Applied Meteorology, Vol. 17, pp. 636-643, 1978. (3) U. S. EPA. Guideline on Air Quality Models (Revised). EPA-450/2-78-027R-C, 2001. C:\e8\c8_0803_report_revised 9
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