Document 655e1oLxgyXgZ5M6bXbEZqB7d

Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA Tier 10 ED 002061 00176092-00001 Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA Tier 10 ED 002061 00176092-00002 Problem Some RCRA Subtitle D waste disposal facilities (i.e., municipal solid waste landfills) are exhibiting subsurface temperatures in excess of 100 C Normal operating temperature range 40-55 C Leads to excessive uncontrolled emissions, compromised waste management systems, and long term negative impact on human health and the environment Considerable uncertainty about the mechanisms responsible for excessive heat generation and accumulation in landfills 2 Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA Tier 10 ED 002061 00176092-00003 "Normal" Landfill Temperature Range Biological Growth Rate o 10 20 30 40 so so ?o so Temperature ( ' ) 3 Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA Tier 10 Operational Waste Temperato re Uange ED 002061 00176092-00004 v>EPA Potential Causes of Subsurface Heating W aste Specific "Hot" waste Ashes and dust High organic waste Reduced metal Aluminum waste Shale gas recovery spoils Landfill M anagem ent Moisture management -Leachate recirculation, drainage Special waste management - Placement and compaction - Segregation/isolation Landfill cover Landfill gas management Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA Tier 10 ED 002061 00176092-00005 Probiert! IVfagnitude a Figure from Powell et al. 2016. Nature Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA Tier 10 ED 002061 00176092-00006 West Lake US EPA/ORD Technical Support In 2010, ORD assisted Region 5 and Ohio EPA in implementing a remedy for Countywide landfill For past 4 years, ORD has evaluated landfill temperature and gas data at landfill in St. Louis, MO adjacent to Superfund landfill (West Lake) - Indications that reaction may be dissipating - Monthly, quarterly and annual reports provided to region and state, and publicly available New Ohio EPA request to analyze similar data at 8 Ohio landfills experiencing SSE Region 4 has requested a discussion on hot landfills during their upcoming Solid Waste Directors' meeting Bridgeto n Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA Tier 10 ED 002061 00176092-00007 Hot Landfill Research Needs In 2017, ORD convened workshop with international experts to discuss causes and solutions and develop key science gap areas needing research - Impact of temperature and pressure on possible pyrolytic reaction - Industrial waste compatibility - Moisture management Synthesis paper developed, to be submitted shortly for external peer review and publication Has shaped ORD research direction - Bench and pilot scale landfill research simulators modified to allow control of temperature and pressure in deep landfills - Testing theories of possible reaction types - Specific remedies can then be developed Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA Tier 10 ED 002061 00176092-00008 of ORD Effort: ORD assisted in providing the first successful remedy for a hot landfill (Countywide Landfill, Sparta, OH) ORD assistance continues to inform region and state decisions on managing the West Lake/Bridgeton, MO landfill SSE event ORD's unique role is assimilating and disseminating information derived from working with these problematic sites nationwide - Enables US EPA to assist those responding to new SSE events with knowledge and experience Based on ORD technical support and scientific leadership, we have informed new research directions and advanced the state of the science for hot landfills Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA Tier 10 ED 002061 00176092-00009 Contact Thabet Tolaymat US EPA Office of Research and Development National Risk Management Research Laboratory Land and Materials Management Division Cincinnati, OH 513- 487-2860 9 Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA Tier 10 ED 002061 00176092-00010