Document 44Ny6RKxq5K7mw9kYM346K3bQ

'r [hi`irritul e aken at of for ilian fore, v for ising cim- ho wit the anv ccuresent ntire from icing e use wipcater ve it v be r' sollints, withpoint e are make er of struct lrned that s and vernipply saves ERIAL MPANV Pure White Lead Paint Used Throughout Phillips Academy, Andover, Mass. EARING all the dignity of a great ligious societies and of the founding B college. Phillips Academy at An of the first religious newspaper in the dover. Massachusetts is rich in hisworld. torical associations and traditions. It Phillips Academy has grown was the tirst academy or preparatory through the years and now owns more school incorporated in the l nited than one hundred buildings, some new States and has been the model for and others dating back nearly to the many later schools. Founded in 1778 founding year. They are generally "Phillips of Andover" has been, for Classic or Colonial in type and the one hundred and sixty four years, generous use of large white painted graduating soundly prepared young areas make them attractive pictures men ready to complete their educa when viewed through the trees of the tion at college. It has a long list of campus. famous and illustrious alumni. No less sound than its curriculum There was a theological seminary con and dicipline is Phillips' building nected with the school from 1808 until maintenance program which has kept 1909 hut Phillips Academy has always the cherished buildings in excellent been non-sectarian, although under condition. Only pure white lead paint strong religious influence. The head is used on all the buildings, inside and master's house was the scene of the out. Their trim clean appearance is organization of several enduring re the result of the ability of white lead paint to rid itself of accumulated dirt without sacrificing its durability ^ hite lead paint has protected the historic houses on Phillips' campus, some of them for more than one hun dred years and their excellent condi tion attests white lead's endurance. Even the best behaved of active boys are none to easy on their school rooms. but with pure white lead paint on the walls, keeping the rooms as trim and shining as the exterior is onlv a matter of periodic washing. Beauty, durability and ease of main tenance are the most desirable quali ties in a paint material. The combina tion of well preserved old houses and practical new buildings at Phillips Academy demonstrates convincingly that pure white lead paint has these attributes in high degree. Samuel Phillips Hall, main building oj Phillips Arudentw Andover, Mass. Offices and school rooms as well as exterior woodwork are painted with white lead DAVTO.V SNYDER BUY WAR SAVINGS BONDS AND STAMPS At all Banks, Post Offices, and Savings and Loan Associations --2-- L ISS. I dirt ilitv. I the lpus. linn>ndie. etive hool>aint as ml v iainualiiinaarid Hips ugly hese s YDER adds weight to the bullet but also func tions as a lubricant to ease the bullet through the armor plate. Lead for modern bullets is supplied to the manufacturing machines in the form of extruded rod. This lead rod must be of extremely accurate diam eter in order that the automatic ma chines will cut off exactly the same i weight of lead for each bullet. Each lead slug is swaged to proper shape and then pressed into the jacket which ACME PHOTO .Vight firing ,30 caliber machine guns on practice range. Bullet traces from gun muzzles show uniformity of flight of bullets is made on another automatic ma chine. The procedure is generally the same for all small arms ammunition. Lead Helps to Make the Army's Bullets Accurate and Hard Hitting EW countries owe so much to the with a lead core, but the tracer bullet F lead bullet as does the United is only partially filled with lead. The States. In older lands the savage peo remaining space is pressed full of a ples had been conquered by cold steel pyrotechnic compound which makes and military organization but here the flight of the bullet visible to the individuals and small groups of peace gunner. It also serves as an incendiary seeking settlers depended largely upon for destructive purposes. their rifles to protect themselves while The armor piercing bullet has a they pushed their settlements farther blunt hardened steel core under the into the wilderness. The long rifle for jacket with the space between the blunt which the woodsman moulded his own core and the pointed nose of the jacket lead bullets supplied in accuracy the filled with lead. The lead not only power that he lacked in numbers. It was also the ancestor of the precision repeating rifle and of the machine gun which are the basic weapons of modern armies. Practicallv all small arms used in modern warfare are either automatic or autoloading. Great quantities of small arms ammunition are used by fighter planes and bomber armament, and supplies must be kept flowing to fighting units. However, supplies of lead are such that with ample tonnage provided for ammunition manufacture and other military uses, there is still sufficient for essential civilian use. such as plumbing and painting. There is no reason, at present, why less dur able materials than lead should be substituted in the paint that protects our buildings or the plumbing pipes that protect our health. lust as the rifle has undergone great changes, so has ammunition devel oped, keeping pace with discoveries in the fields of ballistics and explosives chemistry. The modern bullet bears small resemblance to the "ball" that the early settler cast so carefully at his own hearth or campfire. Nevertheless, today's streamlined projectile still de pends upon lead to give it weight and balance. This is true of all small arms ammunition including that for the .50 caliber machine gun. Loading the .30 and .50 caliber machine guns of a fighter plane. Any one of these bullets can bring destruction to an enemy bomber. Each is weighted with lead to give it the best ballaslic characteristics There are three general types of ammunition for small arms, namely the "ball cartridge," (which fires the regular pointed bullet) the armor piercing bullet, and the tracer bullet. In each one there is a certain quantitv of lead. Each bullet has an outer jacket of high grade brass. The "ball" cartridge projectile is solidly filled ACME PHOTO PASSLD BY C. S, CEN'SoP Lead Paints Ideal for Maintenance Painting of foreign matter with kerosene. Allow to dry thoroughly and brush off all Farm Machinery dust. To make home prepared red lead paint from dry red lead follow the N these war times when food pro I duction must be kept at a high peak to insure ultimate victory, it is essen and equipment are already at hand on every farm. The materials required are the pigment I red or blue lead I, steps given below: 1. Mix 3 parts thy volume) of dry red lead with 1 part of raw lin tial that farm machinery he properly linseed oil, turpentine, and drier. The seed oil. Allow this mixture to maintained at its greatest efficiency. equipment, suitable containers for stand for at least three days so Rust, one of the prime destroyers of mixing and handling the paint, metal machinery, annually causes brushes, strainer (screen wire or dis that the oil will thoroughly wet the red lead. economic loss reaching staggering figures. In peace times this loss is unfortunate; in war times it may well be disastrous. Tractors, cultivators, mowers, reapers and binders--equip ment which mav be irreplaceable for the duration of the war--are rapidly destroyed by rust unless adequately protected. The prevention of rust can be sim ply and effectively accomplished by covering the iron or steel with paint. Almost any paint, applied any way will be of some value, but certain pig ments are known to be superior for use on iron and steel. These pigments are red lead and blue lead. Red lead carded stocking), scraping, stirring, and dusting tools and rags and kero sene to remove grease. There are only three essential points that must be re membered for a completely success ful program; (1 > the surface must be clean and free from rust or foreign matter before painting; (2) the paint must be properly prepared according to recommended formulas; (3) the paint must be properly applied, the surface thoroughly covered. In preparing machinery for paint ing remove all loose rust and scaly paint by wire-brushing or scraping. A soft brick or sand rock dipped in water may be used to scour deep rust 2. Thin the above paste to painting consistency with an equal volume of thinning mixture consisting I by volume) of 6 parts raw lin seed oil, 2 parts turpentine. 1 part liquid drier. 3. Stir thoroughly and strain before application. The following materials are needed to make approximately 1 qt. of red lead paint according to the above formula: 5 lb. (about I'd pt. I dry red lead 1V-. pt. raw linseed oil 1 3 pt. turpentine 1 6 pt. liquid drier and blue lead paints have a unique from metal spokes and similar sur The 5 lb. of dry red lead is mixed characteristic that sets them apart faces. Wash off all grease and other with l/> pt. of raw linseed oil to make from many so-called rust preventative paints. This characteristic is the abili ty to inhibit or prevent rust. Many paints form a protective coating over Preparing the cultivator for painting with red lead, showing clearly the use of wire brush and brick, used in removing scale and rust. Also kerosene and rags for use in removing grease metal but are practically neutral as rust inhibitors. This means that the slightest break in this type of paint film will allow rust to commence its destructive action. On the other hand, red lead or blue lead paint will con tinue to prevent the formation of rust even after the paint film has become porous to moisture. This property, common to both red lead and blue lead paints, combined with lead's un surpassed durability under every con dition of weather has made lead paints the standard for rust prevention. Structural steel, bridges, ships, tanks and machinery the world over rely on these lead paints for continuous pro tection from rust. Conservation of essential farm ma chinery by means of rust preventing red lead or blue lead paint is relative ly simple. It can be done at odd times, the materials are inexpensive and easily obtained, and most of the tools --4-- l ?A257 12 illow T all lead l he f dry 1 in- re to > s so wet tiling I lime 'tins 1 i npart .`fore eded red I wive ad lixed nake 1 the paste as noted above and the re maining ingredients are used to thin this paste to make approximately 1 qt. of red lead paint ready for brushing. If red lead paste is to be used in stead of dry red lead mix by volume as follows: 12 parts paste red lead 10 parts raw linseed oil 1 part turpentine 1 part drier Giving a veteran cultiuitor a coat of red lead paint which, will fore'(all the ravages of rust and help to keep it narking '`for the dura tion' and after Stir thoroughly and strain as for dry red lead paint before application. The same proportions, bv volume may be used to make an equallv dur able paint from dry or paste blue lead. However, both red lead and blue lead paints can be obtained ready mixed from many paint dealers. Apply the paint to all exposed iron and steel surfaces. Brush thoroughly so that the paint will penetrate anv existing pits or scratches in the metal. Move all lever linkages so that no surfaces remain unpainted. Paint wheel tires of cultivators and other equipment which will stand unused all winter. It is best to have a small brush for rods and wheel spokes as well as an old brush that can be forced into hard-toget-at places. Allow plenty of time for drying. If some other finish color is desired, apply a finish coat of white lead paint tinted as required with col ors in oil. The fall is an ideal time for paint ing farm machinery. After harvest and fall ploughing are completed, practically all equipment will stand unused until spring or early summer. Proper painting now will prevent de struction of vital parts and reduce chances of breakdown during critical periods of next summer's work. Red and blue lead paints for farm machinery and white lead for the farm buildings makes red, white and blue for patriotic steel conservation and in creased food production in our coun try's time of need. British Research Finds Lead Paints to he Supe rior Protective Coatings for Iron and Steel T is sometimes a little surprising, in these times, to look through a current copy of a British trade maga zine and see items and articles de voted to such everyday problems as maintenance and upkeep. However, the correct solution of such problems is of vital importance in the conserva tion of existing materials which oc cupies a position of importance almost equal to the production programs for new materials. A study of protective painting of iron and steel, undertaken in 1936 and carried on continuously in spite of the war is summarized in the March. 1942 issue of "The Decorator." a magazine published in London. This study by the joint committee on corrosion and protective coatings of the British Iron and Steel Federation and the Iron and Steel Institute disclosed facts of in terest and great value to all who are responsible for the protection and pre servation of steel structures. These facts tend to maintain the position of lead pigments at the top of the list of materials suitable for use in painting exposed steel surfaces and, in addi tion, emphasize the necessity of proper preparation of surfaces before paint is applied. It was demonstrated by the tests that thorough cleaning of the surfaces to be painted was absolutely necessary if maximum life of the protection was to be expected. Also, that painting should follow immediately after cleaning for best results. The summary reads, "Of all the available materials, it is stated, that none functions so well as red lead." Also, ``Investigations . . . have shown that the addition of unlimited amounts of extenders to red lead has a dele terious effect on the protective value of the paint . . ." ``All the painting tests . . . show that the best results are obtained when the paint applied di rectly to iron and steel is pigmented with inhibitive pigments, those quoted as being of this type being red lead, white lead, lead chromate, blue lead-- basic sulphate of lead--zinc chromate and other sparingly soluble chromates, zinc dust and possibly zinc oxide. The committee's tests have indicated that the most effective of these primers for general use is red lead, and that chromate pigments are not, on the whole, quite so good; they give good protection in rural and marine at mospheres but are inferior to red lead in industrial atmospheres." The findings of the committee clear ly indicate that no other paint ma terial can take the place of lead pig ments in the protection of steel struc tures. It is indeed fortunate that ade quate supplies of those pigments are today available to cover the great quantities of steel now being fabri cated into the buildings for the defense industries and that the proper pre servation of these buildings for peace time uses can be accomplished with out hampering the war program. LIA25713 Beautiful Augusta Homes Typical ol the Old South The Parker House built shortly after the War be tween the States. is a splendid example of the spacious Victorian home of the Ante-Bellum per iod. It^ well-kept appear ance is due to a consistent maintenance painting program with pure white lead S the birthplace of the Southern A textile industry and the center of a most fertile agricultural region, Augusta. Georgia, is steeped in the traditions of the old South. Founded in 1735. almost the entire territory now covered bv the city was a battle field during the Revolutionary War. General Washington received a warm welcome when he visited Augusta in The Seize Mansion in the heart of Augusta with its tour stately columns and triple balustrade is an architec tural gem in its gleaming coat oj white lead paint Built about IH.W, the Appleby Home is a tv pical example oi the architectural expression of the Ante-Bellum South. This charming, old mansion owes excellent preservation largely to a protective coating of white lead paint 1791. Augusta, likewise, was the ord nance center for the Confederacy during the Civil War. As the site of the first cotton gin. Augusta became the birthplace of the cotton textile industry and today she holds a position of importance in manufacturing as well as agriculture. While Augusta has ever been a leader in war as well as in peace, probably its most cherished contri bution to posterity are the beautiful mansions which reflect the gracious living of the old South. Many of these are still in perfect condition, serving the descendents of the original owners. Comprehensive maintenance pro grams featuring white lead paint have helped to preserve these treasured landmarks for future generations to enjoy. THIS IS >0. 15 OF A SERIES REPRESENTATIVE OF THE MANY AMERICAN LANDMARKS IN VARIOUS SECTIONS OF TMb C#l StRI THAT ARE PRESERVED FOR THE FUTURE WITH PURE WHITE LEAD AND OIL PAINT. MANY OF THEM HAVE ALWAVS BEEN PROTECTED WITH THIS RELIABLE MATERIAL ACCORDING TO AVAILABLE RECORDS. 6-- -- ( l ( I ( LIA25714 Manufacturing and Use of Wiping Solder for water works itself, or by a plumbing or other contractor. Lead Water Services is Permitted WPB Places Lead In Group of Materials Available as Substitute for More Critical Items EVISION of Tin Conservation Having earlier been granted the pri R Order M-43-a by the War Pro vilege of installing lead services be duction Board early in August to percause of the favorable supply position mit the manufacture and use of wiping of lead, he will now be able to get solder containing up to 38 per cent waping solder to make the installations tin by weight for the installation and at least until January, 1943. Further repair of lead water service pipes has more, this revision has officially been removed another obstacle from the interpreted to apply whether the water path of the water works engineer. service is installed by the utility or The following articles and reprints contain information, drawings and specifications on- the use of lead products helpful to architects, engineers and others in the construction industry. They are available, free of charge, upon request to the Lead Industries Association, 420 Lexington Avenue, New York City. WHAT TO EAPECT FROM WHITE LEAD PAINT An attractive 28-page booklet with charts, formulas, and mixing instructions cover ing some of the problems of painting anil how white lead meets these problems. PAINTING YOUR HOUSE by Dr. F. L. Browne, Senior Chemist, Forests Products Laboratory, Madison, Wise. A discussion of house painting reprinted from American Forests, May, 1939. SOME PAINTING PROBLEMS AND THE ANSWERS By Dr. F. L. Browne, Senior Chemist, Forests Products Labora tory, Madison, Wise. Reprinted from the National Real Estate Journal, Sept., 1939. STAMFORD'S DOUBLE LIFETIME HOME A complete analysis of hard lead flashing, white lead paint, lead plumbing, plywood and red cedar Certigrade shingle details and installation methods. Reprinted from the American Builder, July, 1939. SHEET LEAD INSTALLATION DE TAILS A detailed analysis of the principles and application of lead flashing and sheet lead work for small homes. Reprinted from Sheet Metal Worker, June, 1939. DON'T GAMBLE WITH PAINT An instructive article on the selection of paint for farm use reprinted from the March 1942 issue of Country Gentleman. BRUSH UP ON YOUR PAINTING A practical article on the selection and application of paint reprinted from House Beautiful, June, 1941. HOW LUMBER AND PAINT KEEP YOUR HOME ALWAYS IN STYLE A brief digest of the advantages of painted lumber homes with color-styling suggestions and other interesting information. LASTING LEADWORK IN MODERN PLUMBING By T. N. Thompson, Technical Editor, Plumbing and Healing Journal. Reprinted from Plumbing and Heating Journal, Feb., 1939. COMMERCIAL STANDARDS: Calking Lead, CS94-41 Lead Pipe, CS95-41 Lead Traps and Bends, CS96-II Official publications by the Government Printing Office of the above Commercial Standards as promulgated by the U. S. Department of Commerce through the National Rureau of Standards, effective June 25, 1941. WHITE LEAD PAINT FOR DEFENSE HOUSING Reprint from Bulletin of the Producers' Council including specifications and graphic mixing instructions for exterior and interior White Lead Paint. LEAD PLUMBING FOR DEFENSE HOUSING Reprint from Bulletin of the Producers' Council including information on the Emergency Plumbing Standards and the Defense Housing Critical List. ith lead also available and per missible for making joints in cast-iron bell and spigot pipe, a number of tht water works engineers' most trouble some material problems have been solved. Meanwhile, the Bureau of In dustrial Conservation of WPB has issued a revision of its lists of critical materials arranged according to re lative scarcity. Lead is in Group III of this list, materials in Group III be ing described as "Materials that are available in significant quantities as substitutes for less available mate rials. and materials that are available in large amounts unless restrictions are imposed by labor, manufacturing, or transportation difficulties.'" Thus lead may now be used, not onlv for its regular purposes, but where -un able to save more critical materials which include practically all metals. There appears to be no reason now for the government and others to fore go the desirable and time-tested qua lities of lead in building construction for such uses as plumbing, water ser vices, calking, flashing and paint. As a matter of fact, the latest revision of the Army and Navy Munition Board's list of prohibited materials for build ing construction places virtually no restrictions on the use of lead for these purposes. Thus lead may be used to improve the quality of current con struction and save critical materials. Even in temporary construction, it must be remembered that lead has a high salvage value, representing a substantial percentage of its original cost, that may be realized any time a building is torn down. Only about two-thirds of the lead available for use each month is ac tually going into consumption at present, leaving a very sizable ton nage to employ in saving more criti cal materials. Thus every time lead is used where a more critical material might have been employed, it may mean another machine gun. anti aircraft gun, high explosive shell or tank. SPECIFY MATERIAL UPON REQUEST, THE LEAD INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION WTUL BE GLAD TO MAIL "LEAD'* REGULARLY, FREE OF CHARGE, TO THOSE INTERESTED, AND WILL COOPERATE WITHOUT OBLIGATION IN THE SOLUTION OF YOUR LEAD PROBLEMS PUNTED IN U. S. A. BY PUBLISHERS PUNTING COMPANY NEW YORK CITY LIA25715 I sefulness of Old Homes Prolonged With White Lead Paint VERY building, whether residence painting with a prime coat of red lead E or factory, that can be used in its paint and finish coats of white lead present form or altered and improved,will prolong its useful life for years. saves both critical material and labor It is not good practice to try to stop which must be devoted to winning the roof leaks with even white or red lead war. W hite lead paint can in manv paint, but an old tin roof which is cases help change drab, neglected still sound can be kept so for addi houses into pleasant serviceable habi tations for war workers. There are many large old houses in war industry areas which can be tional years by a protective coat of red lead paint. Wood changed, with slight alterations, into multiple unit habitations. In manv cases, extensive repairs to exterior finish is not advisable, but buildings which are threatened with rapid de terioration because of neglect may have their useful life prolonged manv years by the use of white lead paint. Some of the ways that white lead paint can serve in this manner are dis cussed in the following paragraphs. Wood occupies an important place in most old residence buildings. Wood serves so well that it is subject to long periods of neglect. Wood can be un sound and still present a reasonably good appearance, so it should be care fully inspected before painting. Open joints do not mean that wood is seri ously damaged but they are danger points that should receive special at tention. This is especially true where Masonry the open joint exposes end grain. Thorough saturating and sealing of Many fine old houses, built of brick with stone trim, both of which were slightly absorbent, will show a ten dency to spall, or flake off, in either or both materials. This is often caused by the freezing of absorbed water which, expanding, breaks down the structure of the material and forces flakes to fall off. Pure white lead such joints with white lead paint will prevent the entrance of water which would shorten the life of the material. Danger points are butt joints such as siding to corner boards, exterior win dow trim at head and sill, mitre joints and bottoms of porch posts. Top and bottom edges of doors should also be given attention. paint applied to such a surface seals it against water penetration and pre vents further destruction. The paint will also have a tendency to seal the wall against leaks through the mortar joints, thus protecting interior finishes. INVEST IN WAR SAVINGS BONDS AND Metal Work and Roofs Exterior metal work should be thoroughly inspected and checked for STAMPS At your Bank or structural soundness before painting. If neglect has not resulted in an un Postoffice safe condition, thorough cleaning and --7-- U ood sash needs extra care in old buildings. All joints in muntins I the bars between the glass panes i. top and bottom of side rails and the putty should be carefully painted and sealed. Broken or damaged putty should be removed and replaced with white lead putty composed of white lead paste with enough bolted w hiting to bring it to working consistency. Avoid getting paint on the glass or the window cleaner will have to remove it with a razor blade. This breaks the seal at the edge of the putty and mav allow water to seep in between glass and putty. Countless other ways will he found to use white lead in prolonging the life of an old building, subject only to the inegnuity of the workman, and every case will result in an improve ment in the appearance as well. WPB Approves One of the important advantages of preservation by a white lead paint program is that it can be done without interfering with vital war department orders. "The War Production Board recently announced that under the terms of Conservation Order L-41 it is not necessary to obtain specific au thorization for repainting and rede corating work when thev constitute `maintenance- or 'repair'." . . . "The WPB order makes allowances for or dinary repair and maintenance work to return a structure to sound working condition as long as there is no change of the design or the structure." The above quotations are from the Federal Housing Administration Clip Sheet issued July 3. 1942 and indicate clearly the favorable attitude of the WPB toward action to rehabilitate old buildings. The materials for pure white lead paint in ample quantities are available for this sort of work without danger of creating shortages of lead for war industries. LlA2571fe