Document 3NENg9OLEgmdrvvmYRqXv518y
Fuels and Combustion
Table 5. Approximate Gravity and Calorific Value of Standard Grades of Fuel Oil
COMMERCIAL . Standard No.
i
2 3 5 6
Approximate Cratot Range A. P. 1;
38-40 34-36 28-32 18-22 14-16
Calorific Value Btu Per Gallon
136,000 138,500 141,000 148,500 152,000
331
a combination of certain proportions of gases produced by two or more processes. Representative properties of gaseous fuels commonly used, in domestic heating are presented in Table 6.
Natural gas is the richest of the gases and contains from 80 to 95 per cent methane, with small percentages of the other combustible hydro carbons. In addition, it contains from 0.5 to 5.0 per cent of C02, and from 1 to 12 or 14 per cent of nitrogen. The heat value varies from 1000 to 1200 Btu per cu ft, the majority of natural gases averaging about 1000 Btu per cu ft. Table 6 shows typical values for the four main oil fields, although values from any one field vary materially.
Table 6 also gives the calorific values of the more common types of manu factured gas. Most states have legislation which controls the distribution
Table 6. Representative Properties of Gaseous Fuels, Based on Gas at 60 F and 30 in. Hg
Gas
Natural gas-- California
Btu per Cu Ft
High (Gross) (Nrt)
Specific Am Required
--Gravitt. fob COMBUS
Air
TION,
1.00 (Cu Ft)
Pbodcctb or Combustion
Cubic Feet
Total COi HtO with
N,
Ulti
mate
<70* Dry Basis
Theoretical
FPlEaRmAeTUTKrEm,* ' (F DEO)
1200 1085 6.67 11.26 1.24 2.24 12.4 12.2 3610
Natural gas--.
Mid-Conti
nental
" '970 870 0.57
9.17 0.97 1.92 10.2 11.7 3580
Natural gas--
Ohio
1130 1025 0.65 10.70 1 17 2.16 11.8 12.1 3600 '
Natural gas-- Pennsylvania 1130 1025 0.71 11.70 1.30 2.29 12.9 12.3 3620
Retort coal gas 570 510 0.42 Coke oven gas 590 520 0.42
5.00 5.19
0.50 1.21 0.51 1.25
5.7 11.2 5.9 11.0
3665 3660
Carbureted water gas Blue water gas
540 495 0.65 300 280 0.53
4.37 2.26
0.74 0.75 5.0 17.2 0.46 0.51 2.8 22.3
3815 3800
Anthracite pro
ducer gas
135 125 0.85
1.05 0.33 0.19 1.9 19.0 3000
Bituminous producer gas
Oil gas
150 140 0.86 575 510 0.35
1.24 4.91
0.35 0.19 0.47 i .21
2.0 19.0 5.6 10.7
316.0 3725