Document 2jvNMOREBKMmb4aOkaZzZrbg6

ucc 021038 -!*> "**t, 1- - '* . Si*?; < -cb r `o-^oniref , ' ' ' > J( ,?Ch zer T'.ai car C6 tc eas-. -e i variety of organic vapors I'l.i'O'ng cmorinated hydrocarbons, retemcyc'cs and aromatics, aldehydes a^d ketones a? well as saveral inorganic o'res innijjmg hydrogen sulfide and d~monia The instrument uses tne principle of photoionization as the analytical technique and overcomes many of the problems inherent in current trace gas analysis in strumentation. These problems presently include poor limits of detection, slow and sluggish time response, background elec tronic noise or drift and a lengthy series of precise technical operations necessary to properly use the instrumentation. In addi tion, many of today's portable analyzers remain heavy, cumbersome instalments that require additional portable equipment such as sample pumps or compressed fuel and zero gases or bulky power packs for operation. The advanced technology employed in the photo-ionizer successfully over comes ftiese disadvantages. For example, the limit of detection for mostspecies is extended down to O f ppm--art increase of 10-100 fold over many conventional in struments--while still maintaining^ wide dynamic operating range (0.1 to200Q ppm), This improved sensitivity allows industrial hygienists to make measurements at or below the TLVs (threshold limit values) establ ished by OSHA. Time response is greatly improved by several design advances. The location of the sensing chamber at the sampling point in the hand-held probe, the fabrtca-. tion of all sample contact areas inert' fluorocarbon materials and a rapid sample flow through a small analyzing dumber eliminates sample hang up (adsorption) andminimizessartt^trarwtttirBie-'inthe instrument Thcpro&nasfc^l^^ responseSnd lnatoui&ri$J^^ -? 'iV8d Tote vr,e resrens 10 fuu SCiie conce."rai:cn cnange ^0-2000 ppm'; is less than five seconds-asignifi cant feature when the instrument is used to locate plant "hot spots " or to detect leaks All solid state electronics and state-of- the-art circuit design have virtually elimi nated conventional instrument drift and background noise. Zero drift is less than 1% over 10 hours. The excellent stability and drift free electronicsallow accurate measurements, even at very low concentra tions. The Model P1101 is one of the simplest analytical instruments to use since it has only three operating controls and unskilled personnel are easily and quickly trained to operate it. An easy to read AW linear scale provides a readout directly in units of con centration (ppm). Other features include an electronic zero that eliminates the use of a zero gas. and instrument calibrations that hold for weeks. The elimination of a flame, igniters and compressed hydrogen fuel make the photo-ionizer simpler to use than a flame ionization anatyzer while , ^ prpvld^ wt uhusualty safe instttynent J TNe ffghtweight (less thisi rfine^ pounds) instrument was designed pri marily as a portable analyzer tor survey work and leak detection. However, the unit can also be set up as a continuous station ary monitor powered by 110V through its battery recriarger/converter'system. A strip chart recorder can be attached to the out puts (0-100 mv) provided. Furtherdetai Is about the principle of operation and the significant technical advances this instrument provides are described in the following pages, ^ddf- k , ttonaf technical literature reGartfingyour particular application and the photo- ionizer's response and sensitivity to the particular spepiesof interest is available upon request, Write, carfi, or use th&aflkJhedpost- ftV*' `ag eh V* hnu systems, Inc. 383eHicJ*^eet riewtan upperfalls, Massachusetts Q2M4. (Specieejr,,'' (High) (Avg) it.T fMiri). I wish to measure. .atthese levels Other gases present. .atthese levels - ^ Please send data on relative response and sensitivity forthese species, i* Please have technical representative call. Please arrange demonstration. ~ ?TV'.'J Name, Title________________________ . Company-------------------------------- ----------------__------------------___________ Address---------------------------------------------------------------------------- PhoneS-L- principl of operation The photo-on,zer is a rrace gj ana lyzer used to measure the concentration of a wide variety of species m industrial atmosDheres The analyzer emp.oys the principle of photoionization for detection The process is termed photoionization since the absorption of ultraviolet light by a moiecuie leads to ionization via R + hr - R' + e` where R* is the ionized species and h- represents a photon which has an energy s= the ionization potential of the species. The sensor consists of a sealed ultra violet light source that emits photons which are energetic enough to ionize many trace species (particularly organics) but do not ionize me r^or components of a/ s.,cr as Oj.N2 CO COI,orHJ0 A chamber adja cent to the ultraviolet source contains a pair of electrodes When a positive poten tial is applied to one electrode the field created drives any ions formed by the absorption of UV light to the collector electrode where the current (proportional to the concentration) is measured. Typical calibration curves showing the relative response of toluene and methyl ethyl ke tone (at the same gain setting) are shown below. Information on the relative response factors for other species is available upon request. first class permit number 46535 newton upper falls, massachusetts business reply mail no postage necessary if mailed in the U S A. hnu systems, inc. 383 elliot street newton upper falls, massachusetts 02164 ucc 021041 the photo-i niz r- accurate measurements, asily obtained sensitivity A maximum sensi tivity of 0-2 ppm. full scale, can be obtained for many species. This scale is readable to 1% (100 division scale) limits of detection Typical limits of detection are 0.1 ppm In many cases these lower limits represent a 10-100 fold improve ment over conventional portable analyzers. operating range The linear range for most compounds is from 0.1 ppm to 600 ppm while the useful range typi cally extends to 2000 ppm. stability Zero drift is extremely low, normally 1% or less over 10 hours, on battery operation. On AC operation, zero drift is less than 1% over 24 hours. Semiweekly span calibrations (100 ppm toluene) over a one month period give a relative standard deviation of zt4.5%. This long term stability of both zero and span is due to the solid state electronics and stable ultraviolet light source. specificity Since photoionization has no response from many low molecular weight hydrocarbons, it can be specific in many instances. Return the postcard for details on your application. rapid response Response to changes in con centration is extremely rapid. A 90% of full scale change (0-2000 ppm) takes less than five seconds. In addition, the sensor is located at the sampling point rather than inside the instalment. This eliminates the problems of hydrocarbon adsorption and transit time through a sampling tube, all of which can delay the real time response by 30-45 seconds or more. instant warmup Solid state electronics produce stable readings within 20 seconds after turning the instrument on. AC/DC operation-The instrument power is sup plied from a 12 VDC rechargeable battery which gives a minimum of 10 operating hours before recharging is necessary. The AC recharger pro vides the option of operating the unit continuously from 110V AC so that the instrument can be used either as a portable unit for industrial hygiene sur veys and leak detection work or as a continuous stationary monitor. portability The instrument is truly portable, with a total weight of less than 9 pounds (4.1 Kg) com plete. No additional bulky power packs, sample pumps or cylinders of fuel gas or zero gas are needed. When not in use, the hand-held sensor is stored in the instrument cover and the total package measures 21 cm wide x 13 cm deep x 24 cm high. ucc 021042 1 direct reading Concentrat'on (opm) is read out directly on an easy to read 4 5"(11.3 cm) linear scale three simple operating controls Function and Range Switch This switch puts the instrument into the STANDBY. BATTERY CHECK. MEASUREMENT modes or OFF position. The MEASUREMENT position allows the choice of a 0-2 ppm 0-20 ppm. 0-200 ppm or 0-2000 ppm full scale range. The STANDBY mode reduces power consumption between measurements. The BATTERY CHECK allows a manual power check before use while an LED (red indicator light) adjacent to the function switch provides an auto matic battery check indicator during operation. Zero Adjust The zero control allows electronic calibration of the instrument at the zero concentra tion point without requiring the use of a zero gas. Span To calibrate the instrument for a particular gas, this control is adjusted to the gain setting which will match the value of a calibration gas to that same read ing on the instrument scale. This control also provides the 10 fold increase in gain that allows the 0-2 ppm full scale range. recorder outputs A signal output of 0-100mv full scale is provided on the front panel for the attachment of a strip chart re corder. lectronic zero Zero calibration is done com pletely electronically. The instrument is switched to the STANDBY mode where the UV light source is turned off but the other electronics remain on. The zero control is adjusted until the meter indi cation is zero. No zero gas or regulators are needed; no further adjustments are required. Verification tests for this technique against hydrocarbon-free zero gas show perfect agreement. safety The photo-ionizer is extremely safe to use. requiring no flames, igniters, or hydrogen fuel. It is designed to meet the safety require ments of Class 1, Division 2 of the National Electrical Code. select d list of sped s detected class species photoionization response ves no paraffins and unsaturated hydrocarbons methane' ethylene acetylene" propyiene X 1-butene , X allyi aicohol X hexane X X X X chlorinated hydrocarbons methyl chloride carbon tetrachloride dichloroethane vinylidene chloride vinyl chloride trichloroethylene X X X X X X heterocyclics & aromatics phenol pyridine benzene toluene xylene Styrene aniline chlorobenzene ethylbenzene X X X X X X X X X nitrogsn compounds formamide X nitric oxide X ammonia X methyl amine X ethyl amine X butyl amine X hydrogen cyanide X acetonitrile X sulfur compounds sulfur dioxide hydrogen sulfide carbon disulfide methyl mercaptan dimethyl sulfide dimethyl disulfide X X X ><: X X aldehydes & ketones formaldehyde acetaldehyde propionaldehyde acrolein crotonaldehyde acetone methyl ethyl ketone methyl butyl ketone X X X X X X X X `nonrasports to methane-the photo-ionizers lack of response to methane is unique among hydrocarbon analyzers. Non methane hydrocarbons can be read directly and the ambient methane background level (1-2 ppm) eliminated when making low concentration measurements of gases, as when determining OSHA compliance for vinyl chloride UCC 021043 63 h nu systems, inc ,383 elliot street newton upper tails, massachusetts chemical m stru m e n ta ti02164 r.^icific^dors pert;-*--'ic** r -5"--"ed' jete:l ' t 3 1 -,:im jersey y; -rax O'i Sun FSD over 100division meter 5Ca>e -epeatsbiii,>i%::fF?D linear ran 33 01 tc 600 c,)m useful range 0 ' to 2000 oom response time < 5 sec to 90% of full scale ' physical size: probe 6 3 DIA x 28.5L (cm) (2*Ax 11 V") . reaaout 2i'vVx 13D x 16 5H (cm) (8V4 x 5^* x 6%*) stops'' 21Wx 13D x 24H (cm) (8V4 x 5s/i x 9'A") ^ cabie 30 cm long (32") Wight probe 55kg (20 ounces) readout 3.2kg (7 pounds) total (shipping) 5 4 kg (12 pounds) controls and functions - mode switch Off. Battery check, Standby (zero),0-2000, >`tV 0-200 0-20 ppm i'*; tow battery indicator light tvyisro(1Q turn 300% FSD max) span (10 turn counting dial 1.0 to 10 times nominal '.sensitivity) " 7 Readout 4Vfe" (11.3 cm) meter Taut Band movement t; graduated 0-5-10-15-20. divisions 'outputs recorder 0-100 MV FSD '$ommr requirements of operating times Vi^tondnuous use, battery >10 hours .^recharge time, max < 14 hours. 3 hows to>90% oftuH .C-- charge rr^Weharge current, mat .4 Amps @ 115 WAG ^Construction Designed to withstand the shock-anil abuse Vy/towhich portable instruments are often subjected. ~j?: Thereadout is housed in a two piece alumtoum case. 4gandfinished with a solvent resistant baked acrylic l^textemd paint The probe is fabricated from extruded aluminum sections and machined plastic. .. ftevtceability The probe and readout are ofa moduter design allowing rapid servicing arto/orreplacement of -f - mechanical and electrical components. Ait module ' ` intecwiring includes quick disconnects. * luefotenance The instrument contains ontyonenkwtng pact, and consumes no gases or reagents. The-onfy' ' routine maintenance procedure is cleaning the tt^pit . ,, source window every several weeks. : ordeftng information Model PI-101 Fhototonizatian ^._Anaiyzer with carrying strap, waistStrap, r "extension probe and instructtonmanualviFOBNewton, Mass. represented by *1. m 4 '?-*' A appfications industrial hygiene surveys of tcx : gases ; v OSHA (TLV) compliance can be rapidly acecmpi.shed with this portable, direct reading instrument, hood ventilation rates can also be measured accurately because of the sensitivity and wide operating range of the unit. leak detection is facilitated by the rapid instrument response and extreme sensitivity. This enables the user to locate even small leaks very rapidly. residual solvent vapors such as trichloroethylene in decaffeinated coffee or degreasing operations, hexane from soybean extraction and other vapors from food, chemical processing, paint spraying or coating can be easily and rapidly measured. Determination of the hytbocarbon removal efficiency of a scrubber or incineration process lor compliance with Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), state or local air peSuOon regulations can be obtained. non methane hydrocarbons in die atmosphere can be measured dbecfly sincethe photo ionizer does not respond to methane. vinyl chloride measurements in monomer plants can be made without interference from major .starting materials or by-products such as ethylene and ethylene dichloride (dichloroethane). Low level vinyl chloride , measurements in PVC fabrica tion processes do not have-the 1-2 ppm methane background , interference seen in othsf . portable instruments. : * - hydrate sulfide measurements canbe made rapidly andse/ecf/ve<y through the use of a new special dry scrubbing system, which adapts tethe instrument ' For additional il applications please fiHouttoe attached, , postege paid reply card....4- , r' - *'-yii*1'"^. ' .Tl -V\7 WJ - - - * i , hiw , hnu systems, ihc.' 383 eftot street newton upper falls, massachusetts 02164 tel: 617-965-4480 ooW*tflN*T*rSn ix.4yswm4.jne. tame.lOt/375. - <, ucc 021044 ] vj INTERNATIONAL KtUtlVtU JUN161975 UNION CARBIDE CORPORATION R, N. WHEFtER, JR. CHEMICALS AND PLASTICS 270 PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK. N Y, 10017 . CABLE ADDRESS: UNICARBIOE. NEW YORK L. J. O'Neill Union Carbide Australia Ltd. 167-187 Kent Street Sydney, N.S.W., Australia Dear Les: Please note this is a modified gas chromatographic technique utilizing a backflush mode. Another point of interest is the size of the sample, 40 microliters. Ordinarily, a sample size of <1 microliter is sufficient for a G. C. analysis using a flame ionization detector. A very careful reading of the procedure is required along with double checking equivalent equipment and suitable reagents. When all is in order and the procedure meticulously carried out, it is capable of a lower limit of detectability of vinyl Chloride Monomer of ^ <0.1 ppm. Finally, trust the attached and the above helps cool the VCM situation in Australia. BEG/dk Attachment CC: W. B. Ackart - BB J. J. Brezinski - S. Charleston D. E. Hardman - 33 V. Toma - 33 > R. N. Wheeler - S. Charleston'*' E. R. Young - 30 UCC 021045